Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for reversing maladaptations involving the corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtype 2 (CRFR2). It is postulated that in functional somatic syndrome (FSS), a group of diseases with overlapping symptoms, including systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID, also known as chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis), and several others, this receptor is up-regulated and relocated to the neuronal membranes of key regions of the brain including the raphe nuclei, the limbic system and the cortex. This configuration leads to a dysfunctional stress response. According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for reversing CRFR2 maladaptations includes the sustained stimulation of the receptor over a period of time to bring about a persistent receptor endocytosis, resulting in measurable symptom improvement.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods for reversing maladaptations involving the corticotropin-releasing factor receptor subtype 2 (CRFR2). It is postulated that in functional somatic syndrome (FSS), a group of diseases with overlapping symptoms, including systemic exertion intolerance disease (SEID, also known as chronic fatigue syndrome or myalgic encephalomyelitis), and several others, this receptor is up-regulated and relocated to the neuronal membranes of key regions of the brain including the raphe nuclei, the limbic system and the cortex. This configuration leads to a dysfunctional stress response. According to one embodiment of the invention, a method for reversing CRFR2 maladaptations includes the sustained stimulation of the receptor over a period of time to bring about a persistent receptor endocytosis, resulting in measurable symptom improvement.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods deliver physiologically active agents in the presence of adjuvant gases. The adjuvant gases can enhance the effectiveness of the drug, lower the dosage of drug or concentration of drug necessary to achieve a therapeutic result, or both. Exemplary adjuvant gases include carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and dilute acid gases.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods deliver treatment agents simultaneously with capnic gases. The capnic gases can enhance the effectiveness of the treatment agent for treating rhinitis, lower the dosage of drug or concentration of agent necessary to achieve a therapeutic result, or both. Exemplary capnic gases include carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and dilute acid gases.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods deliver vasoconstrictive agents simultaneously with capnic gases. The capnic gases can enhance the effectiveness of the vasoconstrictive agent, lower the dosage of drug or concentration of agent necessary to achieve a therapeutic result, or both. Exemplary capnic gases include carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and dilute acid gases.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods deliver physiologically active agents in the presence of adjuvant gases. The adjuvant gases can enhance the effectiveness of the drug, lower the dosage of drug or concentration of drug necessary to achieve a therapeutic result, or both. Exemplary adjuvant gases include carbon dioxide, nitric oxide, nitrous oxide, and dilute acid gases.