Abstract: An optical cross-connect includes multiple input ports that each receive an optical input signal and multiple output ports that each output an optical output signal. The optical cross-connect also includes a distributing amplifier associated with each input port that generates multiple copies of the input signal received at the associated input port. Furthermore, the optical cross-connect includes multiple filter units that receive a copy of one or more of the input signals from one or more of the distributing amplifiers and forward traffic in selected channels of one or more of the received copies. In addition, the optical cross-connect includes a combining amplifier associated with each output port. Each combining amplifier receives the traffic in one or more of the channels forwarded by one or more of the filter units and combines the received traffic into an output signal to be output from the associated output port.

Abstract: A preferred WDM all optical packet switched router architecture and an integrated analysis method for determining said architecture are disclosed. The method of the present invention includes the steps of simulating, with a network simulator, the operation of a desired network topology having at least one baseline router, establishing a steady state in the network simulation, applying a router and network dimensioning algorithm to the desired network topology for a predetermined number of clock cycles, and determining the preferred network router architecture based on the predetermined number of clock cycles. The baseline router used in the method of this invention can be a WDM all optical packet switched router, and the preferred network router architecture can be a WDM all-optical packet switched router architecture.

Abstract: A device for controlling the vertical translation of a pneumatic tool includes a drive means and a control means. The pneumatic tool is supported by a holding device which configured to allow the pneumatic tool to be translated in a vertical direction. The pneumatic tool is connected to an air supply line having a pressure associated therewith. The drive means exerts a lifting force on the holding device to support the pneumatic tool. The control means adjusts the lifting force delivered by the drive means and is configured to monitor the pressure in the air supply line.

Abstract: A device for the control of the thrust force of a pneumatic screw driver movingly suspended on a holding device. The device includes a drive means for the application of a lifting force opposing the weight force of the pneumatic screw driver. Furthermore the device possesses control means able to produce a reduction or switching off of the lifting force due to the drive means when there is a certain drop of the operating pressure of the pneumatic screw driver.