Abstract: A class of neutral, hydrogen-free liquid or waxy perfluorinated cotelomers is described. The cotelomers contain more than 50% weight of fluorine and are derived from chlorotrifluoroethylene and a member selected from the group consisting of one perfluorinated olefin, one perfluorinated alkylvinyl or polyoxaalkylvinyl ether, where said alkyl radical contains from 1 to 6 carbon atoms and said polyoxaalkyl group contains from 2 to 10 carbon atoms; mixtures of two perfluorinated olefins containing from 2 to 6 carbon atoms, with the proviso that one is tetrafluoroethylene, and a mixture of tetrafluoroethylene with one of said perfluorinated alkylvinyl ethers. The present cotelomers exhibit excellent lubricity, transparency, low compressibility, low refractive index and a high resistance to electrical discharge. The cotelomers are particularly useful as lubricants and hydraulic fluids, as optical media and as insulating materials.

Abstract: Chemically inert fluorinated organosilicon compounds for use as, e.g., lubricants are described corresponding to the formulaeR.sup.1.sub.4 SiorR.sup.2.sub.3 Si(R.sup.3 SiR.sup.4.sub.2).sub.z R.sup.23,where z is from 1 to 4, inclusive, at least three of the R.sup.1 radicals, at least two of the terminal R.sup.2 radicals, and preferably one of the non-terminal R.sup.2 radicals are derived from(a) monovalent alkyl-terminated fluorotelomers of chlorotrifluoroethylene or(b) monovalent alkyl-terminated fluorocotelomers of chlorotrifluoroethylene and either hexafluoropropene or mixtures of hexafluoropropene and tetrafluoroethylene, andR.sup.3 represents an alkenyl-terminated divalent fluorotelomer or cotelomer, and the value of z is from 1 to 4, inclusive.

Abstract: New polyesters comprising polyoxyfluoroalkylene blocks are prepared by polycondensation of diols with dicarboxylic acids or with derivatives thereof, said fluorinated polyesters being characterized by such improved surface properties that any subsequent treatments of the surface of the articles obtained therefrom are needless.

Abstract: Perfluoropolyethers having an average molecular weight higher than 390 and respectively having a kinematic viscosity lower than 8.5 cSt (at 20.degree. C.), and such as to distill by not more than 10% at temperatures lower than 140.degree. C., and by at least 90% at temperatures not higher than 260.degree. C., or, in the case in which the perfluoropolyether does not contain CF (CF.sub.3) CF.sub.2 O units, having a viscosity lowr than 18 cSt (at 20.degree. C.), and such as to distill by not more than 10% at temperatures lower than 140.degree.C., and by at elast 90% at temperatures not higher than 280.degree. C., are used as the only high-temperature and low-temperature working fluid in the Thermal Shock Tests to which the electronic components are submitted, and at the same time are advantageously used in other tests used in the electronic industry, such as the Gross Leak Test and the Burn in Test, allowing the operators in this field to use only single fluid for a whole set of uses.

Abstract: Chemically reactive fluorinated organosilicon compounds as described for use as, e.g., lubricants, sealants and elastomers, are described corresponding to the formulaeX.sub.2 R.sup.1.sub.2 Si IorXR.sup.2.sub.2 Si(R.sup.3 SiR.sup.2.sub.2).sub.z X IIwhere X a represents a reactive group selected from a halogen, hydroxyl, alkoxy, acetoxy, amino, alkyl amino or dialkyl amino, z is from 1 to 5, inclusive, at least one of the R.sup.1 radicals and at least one of the R.sup.

Abstract: Perfluoropolyethers having an average molecular weight higher than 390 and respectively having a kinematic viscosity lower than 8.5 cSt (at 20.degree. C.), and such as to distill by not more than 10% at temperatures lower than 140.degree. C., and by at least 90% at temperatures not higher than 260.degree. C., or, in the case in which the perfluoropolyether does not contain CF(CF.sub.3)CF.sub.2 O units, having a viscosity lower than 18 cSt (at 20.degree. C.), and such as to distill by not more than 10% at temperatures lower than 140.degree. C., and by at least 90% at temperatures not higher than 280.degree. C., are used as the only high-temperature and low-temperature working fluid in the Thermal Shock Tests to which the electronic components are submitted, and at the same time are advantageously used in other tests used in the electronic industry, such as the Gross Leak Test and the Burn in Test, allowing the operators in this field to use one single fluid for a whole set of uses.

Abstract: Compounds suitable for being used as lubricants, having general formula:(I) RO--(C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O).sub.m --(CFXO).sub.n --CFX--L, or(II) R"CFXO--(C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O).sub.x (CFXO).sub.y --(C.sub.2 F.sub.4 O).sub.z --CFX--L, whereR=--CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2 F.sub.5, --C.sub.3 F.sub.7X=F, --CF.sub.3R"=F, --CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2 F.sub.5m=an integer from 3 to 100n=a finite integer, or =zero, wherefore m+n ranges from 3 to 100, provided that, if n is finite, m/n ranges from 5 to 20 and R is preferably =CF.sub.3, if n=zero, R is preferably --C.sub.2 F.sub.5 or --C.sub.3 F.sub.7x=a finite integer, or =zeroy, z=finite integers, such that x+y+z ranges from 5 to 200, while (x+z)/y ranges from 5 to 0.5, provided that when x=zero, z/y ranges from 1 to 0.5 and y+z ranges from 5 to 200 n while X is preferably F, and R"=LL=group Y-Z, where:Y=--CH.sub.2 O--, --CH.sub.2 --OCH.sub.2, --CF.sub.2, --CF.sub.

Abstract: Films, layers, tapes, plates, and similar structures of metal or of plastic materials, coated with thin polyfluorocarbon films. These films, tapes, etc., are characterized in that no other materials are interposed; the polyfluorocarbon films are adherent and not porous, and have controlled wettability characteristics. The polyfluorocarbons have the formula (CF.sub.x).sub.n, wherein x is within the range of from 0.3 to 2.0, and are directly obtained on the substrate by the plasma-polymerization of gaseous streams of C.sub.2 F.sub.6 and H.sub.2 ; C.sub.2 F.sub.6 and C.sub.2 F.sub.4 ; CF.sub.4 and H.sub.2 ; CF.sub.4 and C.sub.2 F.sub.4 ; or of C.sub.2 F.sub.4. The metal substrate may be, e.g., Al, Cu, Fe, tin-coated Fe, Si, noble metals and alloys thereof. The substrate of plastic materials may be constituted, e.g., by polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyphenyloxide, polycarbonate, and neoprene.

Abstract: New perfluoroalkanes and haloperfluoroalkanes, having low melting point and high thermal and chemical stability, constituted by preferably branched perfluorinated and haloperfluorinated chains, obtained by starting from precursors containing two halogen atoms equal to or different from each other, one of them necessarily being an iodine atom, which are reacted with C.sub.3 F.sub.6 and possibly subsequently halogenated with either fluorine or chlorine or bromine.

Abstract: The process for the scission of high molecular weight perfluoropolyethers having neutral end groups obtained from photo-oxidation processes of perfluoroolefins, or fluorination of hydrogenated polyalkylene oxides, or by polymerization with opening of the partially fluorinated oxetane ring, the scission being carried out in the presence of catalysts selected from the group consisting of fluorides, oxyfluorides and oxides of transition metals, or selected from the group consisting of Al, Sn, and Sb, at temperatures ranging from 150.degree. to 380.degree. C. The scission process leads to the formation of low molecular weight perfluoropolyethers having neutral and acid end groups, the perfluoropolyetheral acids being subjected to conversion reactions in order to obtain functionalized perfluoropolyethers. The products can be used as operative fluids for high vacuum pumps.

Abstract: Compounds suitable for being used as lubricants, having general formula:RO--(C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O).sub.m --(CFXO).sub.n --CFX--L, (I)orR"CFXO--(C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O).sub.x (CFXO).sub.y --(C.sub.2 F.sub.4 O).sub.z--CFX--L, (II)whereR=--CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2 F.sub.5, --C.sub.3 F.sub.7X=F, --CF.sub.3R"=F, --CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2 F.sub.5m=an integer from 3 to 100n=a finite integer, or=zero, wherefore m+n ranges from 3 to 100, provided that, if n is finite, m/n ranges from 5 to 20 and R is preferably=CF.sub.3, if n=zero, R is preferably --C.sub.2 F.sub.5 or --C.sub.3 F.sub.7x=a finite integer, or=zeroy, z=finite integers, such that x+y+z ranges from 5 to 200, while (x+z)/y ranges from 5 to 0.5, provided that when x=zero, z/y ranges from 1 to 0.05 and y+z ranges from 5 to 200 n while X is preferably F, and R"=LL=group A--Y, whereA=--CH.sub.2 O--, --CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2, --CF.sub.2, --CF.sub.2 O,Y=an organic radical covered by one of the following formulas: ##STR1## R.sub.1, R.sub.2 =alkyls C.sub.1 -C.sub.3, E=CHR.sub.

Abstract: Oxetane-structure fluids of well-defined composition and free from not completely fluorinated compounds, characterized in that they have at least a perfluoroether chain bound to an oxetane ring, having improved characteristics for special applications, being liquid up to temperatures of at least -70.degree. C., having boiling temperatures in the range of from 50.degree. to 270.degree. C. or higher, and a very high range between the boiling temperature and the pour point.

Abstract: Films, layers, tapes, plates, and similar structures of metal or of plastic materials, coated with thin polyfluorocarbon films. These films, tapes, etc., are characterized in that no other materials are interposed; the polyfluorocarbon films are adherent and not porous, and have controlled wettability characteristics. The polyfluorocarbons have the formula (CF.sub.x).sub.n, wherein x is within the range of from 0.3 to 2.0, and are directly obtained on the substrate by the plasma-polymerization of gaseous streams of C.sub.2 F.sub.6 and H.sub.2 ; C.sub.2 F.sub.6 and C.sub.2 F.sub.4 ; CF.sub.4 and H.sub.2 ; CF.sub.4 and C.sub.2 F.sub.4 ; or of C.sub.2 F.sub.4. The metal substrate may be, e.g., Al, Cu, Fe, tin-coated Fe, Si, noble metals and alloys thereof. The substrate of plastic materials may be constituted, e.g., by polytetrafluoroethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene, polyphenyloxide, polycarbonate, and neoprene.

Abstract: A process for the dissociation of high molecular weight perfluoropolyethers to obtain low molecular weight perfluoropolyethers which comprises treating a perfluoropolyether with 0.1-10% by weight of a catalyst consisting of Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, V, Cu, Mo, Sn, Sb, Zr, Zn oxides at temperatures comprised between 150.degree. and 380.degree. C.

Abstract: Compounds suitable for being used as lubricants, having general formula:(I) RO--(C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O).sub.m --(CFXO).sub.n --CFX--L,or(II) R"CFXO--(C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O).sub.x (CFXO).sub.y --(C.sub.2 F.sub.4 O).sub.z --CFX--L,whereR=--CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2 F.sub.5, --C.sub.3 F.sub.7X=F, --CF.sub.3R"=F, --CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2 F.sub.5m=an integer from 3 to 100n=a finite integer, or=zero, wherefore m+n ranges from 3 to 100, provided that, if n is finite, m/n ranges from 5 to 20 and R is preferably=CF.sub.3, if n=zero, R is preferably --C.sub.2 F.sub.5 or --C.sub.3 F.sub.7x=a finite integer, or=zeroy, z=finite integers, such that x+y+z ranges from 5 to 200, while (x+z)/y ranges from 5 to 0.5, provided that when x=zero, z/y ranges from 1 to 0.5 and y+z ranges from 5 to 200 n while X is is preferably F, and R"=LL=group Y-Z,where:Y=--CH.sub.2 O--, --CH.sub.2 --OCH.sub.2, --CF.sub.2, --CF.sub.

Abstract: A process for decomposing perfluoropolyethers to products with a controlled molecular weight, comprising heating the perfluoropolyethers at temperatures of from 150.degree. to 380.degree. C. with 0.1%-2% by weight of a catalyst comprising a fluoride and/or oxyfluoride of Al, Ti, V, Co or Ni; and in case to fluorination at high temperatures to obtain completely neutral perfluoropolyethers.

Abstract: A process for protecting marble, stones, tiles, cement and similar materials from the action of atmospheric and polluting agents, by applying a perfluropolyether to the surface of the manufactured article, characterized by using a perfluoropolyether having at one or at both ends functional groups capable of acting as anchoring agents for the substrate.

Abstract: A process for preparing .alpha.,.omega.-dihaloperfluoroalkanes consisting in dihalogenating .alpha.,.omega.-diiodoperfluoroalkanes, or .alpha.,.omega.-chloroiodoperfluoroalkanes or .alpha.,.omega.-bromoiodoperfluoroalkanes with Cl.sub.2 or Br.sub.2.

Abstract: Compounds suitable for being used as lubricants, having general formula:(I) RO--(C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O).sub.m --(CFXO).sub.n --CFX--L, or(II) R"CFXO--(C.sub.3 F.sub.6 O).sub.x (CFXO).sub.y --(C.sub.2 F.sub.4 O).sub.z --(CFX--L, whereR=--CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2 F.sub.5, --C.sub.3 F.sub.7X=F, --CF.sub.3R"=F, --CF.sub.3, --C.sub.2 F.sub.5m=an integer from 3 to 100n=a finite integer, or=zero, wherefore m+n ranges from 3 to 100, provided that, if n is finite, m/n ranges from 5 ro 20 and R is preferably=CF.sub.3, if n=zero, R is preferably --C.sub.2 F.sub.5 or --C.sub.3 F.sub.7x=a finite integer, or=zeroy, z=finite integers, such that x+y+z ranges from 5 to 200, while x+z/y ranges from 5 to 0.5, provided that when x=zero, z/y ranges from 1 to 0.5 and y+z ranges from 5 to 200 n while X is preferably F, and R"=LL=group A--Y, whereA=--CH.sub.2 O--, --CH.sub.2 --O--CH.sub.2, --CF.sub.2, CF.sub.2 O--,Y=an organic radical covered by one of the following formulas: ##STR1## where R.sub.1, R.sub.2 =alkyls C.sub.1 -C.sub.3,E=CHR.

Abstract: A process for the scission of high molecular weight perfluoropolyethers having neutral end groups obtained from photo-oxidation processes of perfluoroolefins, or fluorination of hydrogenated polyalkylene oxides, or by polymerization with opening of the partially fluorinated oxetane ring, said scission being carried out in the presence of catalysts composed of fluorides, oxyfluorides, or oxides of transition metals, or of Al, Sn, Sb, at temperatures ranging from 150.degree. to 380.degree. C.; said scission process leads to the formation of low molecular weight perfluoropolyethers having neutral and acid end groups, the perfluoropolyethereal acids being subjectable to conversion reactions in order to obtain functionalized perfluoropolyethers and to be utilized to provide new polymers.