Abstract: The present disclosure relates to nanomaterial composites capable of selectively extracting lithium from a lithium-containing liquid resource when the nanomaterial composite is activated, a method of preparing the nanomaterial composites, and the use of the nanomaterial composites for the extraction and recovery of lithium.

Abstract: Processes are provided for the oxidative solubilization of metal-containing petroleum cokes in a basic aqueous solution, so as to segregate a solid metal-containing residue from a solubilized and demineralized organics fraction. Oxidation conditions are provided that optimize the yield of soluble partial oxidation products and minimize the generation of CO2. In some embodiments, a nanocrystalline copper tetrasilicate oxidation catalyst belonging to the Gillespite group of minerals may be used (Cuprorivaite (CaCuSi4O10), Wesselsite (SrCuSi4O10), Effenbergerite (BaCuSi4O10), or combinations thereof). The pH of the solubilized organics fraction may be reduced, under conditions that precipitate an upgraded carbonaceous material, in some embodiments comprising humic acid analogs, yielding a barren leachate solution.

Abstract: Processes are provided for the oxidative solubilization of metal-containing petroleum cokes in a basic aqueous solution, so as to segregate a solid metal-containing residue from a solubilized and demineralized organics fraction. Oxidation conditions are provided that optimize the yield of soluble partial oxidation products and minimize the generation of CO2. In some embodiments, a nanocrystalline copper tetrasilicate oxidation catalyst belonging to the Gillespite group of minerals may be used (Cuprorivaite (CaCuSi4O10), Wesselsite (SrCuSi4O10), Effenbergerite (BaCuSi4O10), or combinations thereof). The pH of the solubilized organics fraction may be reduced, under conditions that precipitate an upgraded carbonaceous material, in some embodiments comprising humic acid analogs, yielding a barren leachate solution.

Abstract: Processes for purifying and liquefying natural gas in conjunction and integration with cryogenic processing natural gas to recover natural gas liquids (NGL) is disclosed. In the process, the natural gas stream to be purified and liquefied is taken from top outlet stream of demethanizer in the cryogenic NGL recovery plant, first purified and then cooled under moderate pressure to condense it as a liquefied natural gas (LNG) product stream. Some of the cooling required for the demethanizer reflux stream is provided by natural gas liquefaction section before supplied to top of the column to serve as reflux.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of novel bi- or tri metallic silicate micro-porous and/or meso-porous materials based on cerium, nickel, copper and/or zinc on a porous silicate framework matrix to use its molecular sieve effect to target preferentially the acidic organic molecules present in hydrocarbon feedstocks like crude oil, bitumen, VGO and the like. The chosen metals are selected based on their ability to activate steam and transfer oxygen for completing the oxidation of carboxylic compounds or decarboxylating them. These composite materials can be prepared under hydrothermal synthesis conditions in order to produce suitable porous solids where the metals are well dispersed and preferentially distributed inside the channels of the silicate framework where they can interact only with the molecules that can go inside the channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of novel bi- or tri-metallic silicate micro-porous and/or meso-porous materials based on cerium, nickel, copper and/or zinc on a porous silicate framework matrix to use its molecular sieve effect to target preferentially the acidic organic molecules present in hydrocarbon feedstocks like crude oil, bitumen, VGO and the like. The chosen metals are selected based on their ability to activate steam and transfer oxygen for completing the oxidation of carboxylic compounds or decarboxylating them. These composite materials can be prepared under hydrothermal synthesis conditions in order to produce suitable porous solids where the metals are well dispersed and preferentially distributed inside the channels of the silicate framework where they can interact only with the molecules that can go inside the channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of novel bi- or tri metallic silicate micro-porous and/or meso-porous materials based on cerium, nickel, copper and/or zinc on a porous silicate framework matrix to use its molecular sieve effect to target preferentially the acidic organic molecules present in hydrocarbon feedstocks like crude oil, bitumen, VGO and the like. The chosen metals are selected based on their ability to activate steam and transfer oxygen for completing the oxidation of carboxylic compounds or decarboxylating them. These composite materials can be prepared under hydrothermal synthesis conditions in order to produce suitable porous solids where the metals are well dispersed and preferentially distributed inside the channels of the silicate framework where they can interact only with the molecules that can go inside the channels.

Abstract: The invention relates to the preparation of novel bi- or tri metallic silicate micro-porous and/or meso-porous materials based on cerium, nickel, copper and/or zinc on a porous silicate framework matrix to use its molecular sieve effect to target preferentially the acidic organic molecules present in hydrocarbon feedstocks like crude oil, bitumen, VGO and the like. The chosen metals are selected based on their ability to activate steam and transfer oxygen for completing the oxidation of carboxylic compounds or decarboxylating them. These composite materials can be prepared under hydrothermal synthesis conditions in order to produce suitable porous solids where the metals are well dispersed and preferentially distributed inside the channels of the silicate framework where they can interact only with the molecules that can go inside the channels.

Abstract: An offretite metalloalluminosilicate composition, including an aluminosilicate framework containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, divalent elements and combinations thereof, wherein at least a portion of the metal is incorporated into the framework, and wherein the portion is at least about 0.5% wt. with respect to the composition.

Abstract: A porous crystalline composition having a molar composition as follows: YO2:m X2O3:n ZO, wherein Y is a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin, titanium and combinations thereof, X is a trivalent element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, boron, iron and combinations thereof, Z is a divalent element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, zinc, cobalt, manganese, nickel and combinations thereof, m is between about 0 and about 0.5, n is between about 0 and about 0.5; and the composition has an x-ray diffraction pattern which distinguishes it from the materials. A process for making the composition, and a process using the composition to treat an organic compound are also provided.

Abstract: A porous crystalline composition having a molar composition as follows: YO2:m X2O3:n ZO, wherein Y is a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin, titanium and combinations thereof, X is a trivalent element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, boron, iron and combinations thereof, Z is a divalent element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, zinc, cobalt, manganese, nickel and combinations thereof, m is between about 0 and about 0.5, n is between about 0 and about 0.5; and the composition has an x-ray diffraction pattern which distinguishes it from the materials. A process for making the composition, and a process using the composition to treat an organic compound are also provided.

Abstract: A porous crystalline composition having a molar composition as follows: YO2:mX2O3:nZO, wherein Y is a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin, titanium and combinations thereof, X is a trivalent element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, boron, iron and combinations thereof, Z is a divalent element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, zinc, cobalt, manganese, nickel and combinations thereof, m is between about 0 and about 0.5, n is between about 0 and about 0.5; and the composition has an x-ray diffraction pattern which distinguishes it from the materials. A process for making the composition, and a process using the composition to treat an organic compound are also provided.

Abstract: A method for preparing a modified kaolin clay, includes the steps of providing a kaolin clay material having a starting ratio of silica to alumina; mixing the kaolin clay material with acid so as to form a substantially homogenous paste; calcining the paste so as to provide a calcined acid-treated clay material; mixing the calcined acid-treated clay material in water so as to form a suspension; precipitating aluminum from the suspension so as to produce a reduced aluminum suspension; and obtaining a modified clay material from the reduced aluminum suspension, wherein the modified clay material has a final ratio of silica to alumina which is higher than the starting ratio.

Abstract: A porous crystalline composition having a molar composition as follows: YO2:m X2O3:n ZO, wherein Y is a tetravalent element selected from the group consisting of silicon, germanium, tin, titanium and combinations thereof, X is a trivalent element selected from the group consisting of aluminum, gallium, boron, iron and combinations thereof, Z is a divalent element selected from the group consisting of magnesium, zinc, cobalt, manganese, nickel and combinations thereof, m is between about 0 and about 0.5, n is between about 0 and about 0.5; and the composition has an x-ray diffraction pattern which distinguishes it from the materials. A process for making the composition, and a process using the composition to treat an organic compound are also provided.

Abstract: A metalloaluminosilicate composition includes an aluminosilicate composition having an aluminosilicate framework and containing at least one metal, wherein a substantial portion of the metal is incorporated into the aluminosilicate framework. A higher concentration of the metal is incorporated into the framework of the catalyst than is present at the surface of the catalyst.

Abstract: An offretite metalloalluminosilicate composition, including an aluminosilicate framework containing at least one metal selected from the group consisting of iron, divalent elements and combinations thereof, wherein at least a portion of the metal is incorporated into the framework, and wherein the portion is at least about 0.5% wt. with respect to the composition.

Abstract: A metalloaluminosilicate composition includes an aluminosilicate composition having an aluminosilicate framework and containing at least one metal, wherein a substantial portion of the metal is incorporated into the aluminosilicate framework. A higher concentration of the metal is incorporated into the framework of the catalyst than is present at the surface of the catalyst.

Abstract: A metalloaluminosilicate composition includes an aluminosilicate composition having an aluminosilicate framework and containing at least one metal, wherein a substantial portion of the metal is incorporated into the aluminosilicate framework. A higher concentration of the metal is incorporated into the framework of the catalyst than is present at the surface of the catalyst.

Abstract: A method for preparing a modified kaolin clay, includes the steps of providing a kaolin clay material having a starting ratio of silica to alumina; mixing the kaolin clay material with acid so as to form a substantially homogenous paste; calcining the paste so as to provide a calcined acid-treated clay material; mixing the calcined acid-treated clay material in water so as to form a suspension; precipitating aluminum from the suspension so as to produce a reduced aluminum suspension; and obtaining a modified clay material from the reduced aluminum suspension, wherein the modified clay material has a final ratio of silica to alumina which is higher than the starting ratio.

Abstract: A process for catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon feed, includes the steps of providing an initial hydrocarbon fraction; providing a catalyst comprising an aluminosilicate composition having an aluminosilicate composition having an aluminosilicate framework and containing at least one metal other than aluminum incorporated into the aluminosilicate framework; and exposing the hydrocarbon to the catalyst under catalytic cracking conditions so as to provide an upgraded hydrocarbon product.