Abstract: A method of operating a stacking head of a sod harvester includes: (a) repeatedly transferring sod slabs from a transfer station located along a conveyor assembly of the sod harvester to a pallet station of the sod harvester to form a loaded pallet at the pallet station; (b) during replacement of the loaded pallet with an empty pallet, forming a stack of slabs at the transfer station; and (c) transferring the stack of slabs from the transfer station to the pallet station for deposit on the empty pallet when received at the pallet station, and repeating (a) to (c) in a continuous sod harvesting process.

Abstract: A harvesting system for harvesting sod includes: (a) a harvester frame; (b) a cutting assembly mounted to the harvester frame for cutting the sod into slabs, each slab having a cut-off length; (c) a conveyor assembly supported by the harvester frame for transporting the slabs away from the cutting assembly toward a measuring location; and (d) a control system operable to: (i) determine a length difference between a measured length for at least one slab at the measuring location and a target length, and (ii) adjust the cut-off length for subsequent slabs to compensate for the length difference.

Abstract: A method of stacking sod rolls can include: (a) moving a head of a sod handling apparatus to a sod pick-up location containing a plurality of sod rolls; (b) picking up a first sod roll with a first sod carrier, picking up a second sod roll with a second sod carrier, and picking up a third sod roll with a third sod carrier; (c) moving the head to a sod drop-off location; (d) depositing the first sod roll from the first sod carrier at the sod drop-off location; (e) after depositing the first sod roll, moving the second sod carrier and the third sod carrier toward the first sod carrier to reduce the spacing between the second and third sod rolls; and (f) depositing the second and third sod rolls at the drop-off location.

Abstract: A method of stacking sod rolls can include the steps of: a) moving a head of a sod handling apparatus into a sod pickup location containing a plurality of sod rolls; b) picking-up a first sod roll with a first sod carrier, picking-up a second sod roll with a second sod carrier, and picking-up a third sod roll with a third sod carrier; c) moving the head to a sod drop-off location; d) releasing the first sod roll from the first sod carrier at the sod drop-off location; e) after releasing the first sod roll, moving the second sod carrier toward the first sod carrier and moving the third sod carrier toward the first sod carrier to reduce the spacing between the second and third rolls of sod; and f) depositing the second sod roll and third sod roll at the drop-off location.

Abstract: A method of stacking sod rolls can include the steps of: a) moving a head of a sod handling apparatus into a sod pickup location containing a plurality of sod rolls; b) picking-up a first sod roll with a first sod carrier, picking-up a second sod roll with a second sod carrier, and picking-up a third sod roll with a third sod carrier; c) moving the head to a sod drop-off location; d) releasing the first sod roll from the first sod carrier at the sod drop-off location; e) after releasing the first sod roll, moving the second sod carrier toward the first sod carrier and moving the third sod carrier toward the first sod carrier to reduce the spacing between the second and third rolls of sod; and f) depositing the second sod roll and third sod roll at the drop-off location.

Abstract: A system for disposing of a defective sod roll from a sod harvester is disclosed. The system includes: (i) a transport conveyor; (ii) an accumulator located behind the transport conveyor, such that a gap is defined between a rear end of the transport conveyor and a front end of the accumulator; and (iii) a movable tray located proximate to the gap. The tray moves between a retracted position and an extended position. When the tray is in the retracted position, the gap is open and a receiving surface of the tray is in a generally horizontal orientation. When the tray is in the extended position, the tray is located within the gap to receive the sod roll from the transport conveyor.

Abstract: A system for disposing of a defective sod roll from a sod harvester is disclosed. The system includes: (i) a transport conveyor; (ii) an accumulator located behind the transport conveyor, such that a gap is defined between a rear end of the transport conveyor and a front end of the accumulator; and (iii) a movable tray located proximate to the gap. The tray moves between a retracted position and an extended position. When the tray is in the retracted position, the gap is open and a receiving surface of the tray is in a generally horizontal orientation. When the tray is in the extended position, the tray is located within the gap to receive the sod roll from the transport conveyor.

Abstract: An apparatus for spraying a treatment liquid onto grass growing on a ground surface includes a plurality of rotatable discs spaced laterally apart across the path of travel. Each disc has a plurality of cutters which are adapted to penetrate the ground surface and to cut holes therein as the apparatus travels forwardly. The holes are spaced apart along the path of travel and are also spaced apart laterally. The apparatus also includes a set of nozzles positioned on the apparatus above the grass such that each nozzle is spaced rearwardly along the path of travel from its associated disc but is aligned along the path of travel with such disc. The nozzles are adapted to spray the treatment liquid. The apparatus also including a controller for causing the nozzles to spray the treatment liquid into the holes.

Abstract: A sod harvester for cutting sod strips from a ground surface while leaving an uncut strip between at least two sod strips The sod harvester includes a mounting frame and a number of cutting heads connected to the mounting frame. The cutting heads are positioned transversely to the path of travel for cutting the sod strips. At least two cutting heads are spaced apart by the width of the uncut strip. A conveyor is located behind the cutting heads for transporting the strips upwardly and rearwardly from the cutting heads.

Abstract: A sod harvester for cutting sod strips from a ground surface while leaving an uncut strip between at least two sod strips. The sod harvester includes a mounting frame and a number of cutting heads connected to the mounting frame. The cutting heads are positioned transversely to the path of travel for cutting the sod strips. At least two cutting heads are spaced apart by the width of the uncut strip. A conveyor is located behind the cutting heads for transporting the strips upwardly and rearwardly from the cutting heads.

Abstract: A sod harvester includes a sod cutting knife, a sod carrier, and an inclined conveyor for carrying a sod piece from the sod cutting knife to a horizontal conveyor, where the inclined conveyor moves at faster than ground speed. The sod carrier is movable between a first location above the horizontal conveyor and a second location. In the first location, the sod piece is removably secured to the sod carrier when the sod piece is on the horizontal conveyor. In the second location, the sod carrier releases the sod piece.

Abstract: A sod harvester for cutting sod strips from a ground surface while leaving an uncut strip between at least two sod strips The sod harvester includes a mounting frame and a number of cutting heads connected to the mounting frame. The cutting heads are positioned transversely to the path of travel for cutting the sod strips. At least two cutting heads are spaced apart by the width of the uncut strip. A conveyor is located behind the cutting heads for transporting the strips upwardly and rearwardly from the cutting heads.

Abstract: A sod harvester includes a sod cutting knife, a sod carrier, and an inclined conveyor for carrying a sod piece from the sod cutting knife to a horizontal conveyor, where the inclined conveyor moves at faster than ground speed. The sod carrier is movable between a first location above the horizontal conveyor and a second location. In the first location, the sod piece is removably secured to the sod carrier when the sod piece is on the horizontal conveyor. In the second location, the said sod carrier releases the said sod piece.

Abstract: A method of harvesting and handling sod includes cutting an elongated sod slab and cutting said sod slab into two sod sections, but leaving uncut at least one small sod connection between said two sod sections, thereby to tie together said sod sections in a stack containing said sod sections.

Abstract: An apparatus for spraying a treatment liquid onto grass growing on a ground surface includes a plurality of rotatable discs spaced laterally apart across the path of travel. Each disc has a plurality of cutters which are adapted to penetrate the ground surface and to cut holes therein as the apparatus travels forwardly. The holes are spaced apart along the path of travel and are also spaced apart laterally. The apparatus also includes a set of nozzles positioned on the apparatus above the grass such that each nozzle is spaced rearwardly along the path of travel from its associated disc but is aligned along the path of travel with such disc. The nozzles are adapted to spray the treatment liquid. The apparatus also including a controller for causing the nozzles to spray the treatment liquid into the holes.

Abstract: A method of harvesting and handling sod includes cutting an elongated sod slab and cutting said sod slab into two sod sections, but leaving uncut at least one small sod connection between said two sod sections, thereby to tie together said sod sections in a stack containing said sod sections.

Abstract: A sod harvester cuts several side-by-side strips of sod, preferably of total width equal to the width of a pallet, and directs the strips up three sets of conveyors arranged in sequence. The first conveyor set runs at or near ground speed; the second conveyor set runs at about double ground speed, and the third conveyor set runs at about triple ground speed. This creates a spatial and time gap between the trailing edges of a set of sod strips on the third conveyor and the leading edges of the next set of sod strips behind them on the second conveyor. The time gap is sufficient to stop the sod strips on the third conveyor and then pick them up and stack them on a pallet.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for lifting sod, in which grass blades of the sod are inserted between one or more clamps. The clamps are closed to grip the grass blades and the clamps are then moved, with the sod suspended therefrom, to a desired location. The clamps can if desired also grip the thatch, and/or a portion of the soil, of the sod slab.

Abstract: A pre-starter for starting a turn in the end of a sod strip travelling up a conveyor in a sod harvester. The pre-starter includes a metal plate sloping downwardly and rearwardly with its end pressing against the sod strip to catch the blades of grass on the upper surface of the sod strip, thereby causing the end of the sod strip to curl upwardly. The curled end of the sod strip then moves into a conventional sod roll-up mechanism spaced immediately behind the pre-starter, to roll the sod strip. This forms accurate and consistent rolls suitable for automation.

Abstract: A sod harvester having a conveyor assembly to receive sod from a cutting head, a roll-up mechanism to form rolls from the cut sod, and a storage conveyor to receive a set of formed sod rolls, with a clamp to clamp the set of sod rolls and transfer it to a pallet. A diverter between the conveyor assembly and the storage conveyor normally allows sod rolls to travel to the storage conveyor but can be moved to create a gap through which defective sod rolls fall and are thereby rejected. A deflector located below the gap deflects scrap sod and defective sod rolls onto the cut portion of the sod field, rater than onto the uncut portion, so that the scrap sod deflected onto the field will not interfere with the next pass of the cutting head.