Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing the presence of gingivitis in a human subject. The method is based on the insight to determine a selection of three biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a saliva sample of the subject the concentrations are measured of the proteins Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and Interleukin-1? (IL-1?), and at least one of C reactive protein (CRP) and Haemoglobin. Based on the concentrations as measured, a value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This value is compared with a threshold value reflecting in the same manner the joint concentrations associated with the absence of gingivitis or periodontitis. The comparison allows to assessing whether the testing value is indicative of the presence of gingivitis in said subject. Thereby, typically, a testing value reflecting a joint concentration above the joint concentration reflected by the threshold, is indicative of the presence of gingivitis.

Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided a system (40) configured to perform a personal care operation on skin of a subject. The system (40) comprises a processing unit (46) and a personal care device (2). The personal care device (2) comprises a housing (4) having an aperture (10) that is arranged in the housing (4) such that the aperture (10) is adjacent to the skin when the personal care device (2) is in contact with the skin and is to be used to perform the personal care operation on the skin. The personal care device (2) also comprises an imaging unit (44) disposed in the housing (4) and arranged to obtain images of the skin adjacent to the aperture (10) using light passing through the aperture (10) into the personal care device (2), wherein, in a skin contact detection mode of the system (40), a focal plane (66) of the imaging unit (44) is aligned with the aperture (10).

Abstract: According to an aspect of this disclosure, there is provided an apparatus (42) configured for use with a personal care device (2). The apparatus (42) is configured to provide visual guidance to a user on movement of the personal care device (2) across a body of a subject, wherein the personal care device (2) is configured to perform a personal care operation on a plurality of successive treatment areas of the body by successively moving the personal care device into a plurality of successive treatment positions on the body each corresponding with a respective one of said successive treatment areas. The apparatus (42) comprises a projection unit (22) configured to project a light pattern on to a surface of the body, and a processing unit (46).

Abstract: A computer-implemented method of identifying a subject's body part on which a hand-held device is used to perform a personal care operation. The hand-held device comprises a head portion for contacting the subject's skin one or more sensors for measuring a parameter and generating measurement signals as the hand-held device is used on the subject's skin. The sensor(s) comprise(s) at least one of a skin contact sensor, skin tone sensor, and/or proximity sensor. The method includes obtaining a measurement signal from each sensor; analyzing the obtained measurement signal using a trained machine learning model (MLM) to identify the subject's body part that the hand-held device is used on. The trained MLM analyzes a plurality of measurements in a time window on each of the obtained measurement signals to identify the body part. An indication of the identified body part is then outputted.

Abstract: According to an aspect, there is provided an apparatus for use with a treatment device. The treatment device is configured to apply a light pulse to skin of a subject to perform a treatment operation to hairs on the skin. The apparatus comprises a processing unit configured to receive one or more images of a first area of the skin from an imaging unit, wherein the imaging unit is arranged to obtain images of the skin of the subject; process the one or more images to determine whether the hairs on the first area of the skin have been treated with a light pulse based on a degree of at least one of carbonization and curling of the hairs on the first area of the skin as shown in the one or more images; and output a first signal indicating whether the hairs on the first area of skin have been treated with a light pulse.

Abstract: The invention describes a laser sensor or laser sensor module (100) using self-mixing interference for particle density detection, a related method of particle density detection and a corresponding computer program product. The invention further relates to devices comprising such a laser sensor or laser sensor module. It is a basic idea of the present invention to detect particles by means of self-mixing interference signals and determine a corresponding particle density. In addition at least a first parameter related to at least one velocity component of a velocity vector of the particles is determined in order to correct the particle density if there is the relative movement between a detection volume and the particles. Such a relative movement may for example be related to a velocity of a fluid transporting the particles (e.g. wind speed). Furthermore, it is possible to determine at least one velocity component of the velocity of the particles based on the self-mixing interference signals.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a consumable recognition system for recognizing placement and/or type of consumable containing a food substance for the preparation of a beverage by use of a beverage dispenser. To enable the recognition of placement and/or type of consumable in a simple, foolproof and easily implementable way an embodiment of the system comprises a light source (31, 301, 311, 321, 331, 341) for emitting light (35) to the consumable (4a, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90), a light sensor (32 302, 312, 322, 332, 342) for sensing light (36) reflected from a reflection element (42, 52, 63, 73, 83, 93) of the consumable to obtain a sensor signal, wherein the sensor signal depends on the position, orientation, fluorescence, phosphorescence and/or polarization characteristic of said reflection element, and a signal processor (33) for recognizing placement and/or type of consumable based on said sensor signal.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing whether a human patient suffering from periodontitis has mild periodontitis or advanced periodontitis. The method is based on the insight to determine a selection of three bio marker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva a patient suffering from periodontitis, the concentrations are measured of the proteins Pyruvate Kinase (PK) and at least two of Haemoglobin-beta (Hb-beta), Haemoglobin-delta (Hb-delta), S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9). Based on the concentrations as measured, a value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This value is compared with a threshold value reflecting in the same manner the joint concentrations associated with advanced periodontitis. The comparison allows assessing whether the testing value is indicative of the presence of advanced periodontitis or of mild periodontitis in said patient.

Abstract: A method (400) for determining a user's compliance with a guided cleaning session during use of an oral cleaning device (10) includes the steps of: (i) providing (410) an oral cleaning device including a sensor (28), a guidance generator (46), and a controller (30); (ii) providing (420), by the guidance generator, a guided cleaning session to the user; (iii) generating (430), at a first location during the guided cleaning session, sensor data from the sensor indicating a position or motion of the oral cleaning device; (iv) comparing (440) the generated sensor data to expected sensor data for the first location; and (v) generating (450), based on the comparison, an estimate of the user's compliance with the guided cleaning session.

Abstract: Disclosed is a system, a kit, a use and an in vitro method for assessing whether a human patient suffering from periodontitis has mild periodontitis or advanced periodontitis. The system and method are based on the insight to apply a clustering technique to a reference set of patient data, and then further discriminating the sets of bio markers to be applied. The clusters are determined on the basis of the biomarkers Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF), Matrix metalloproteinase 8 (MMP8), and Matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9). The actual classification of the patient is done on the basis of the measurement of the concentrations of either of two sets of biomarkers. For one cluster these are Interleukin-1? (IL1?), Interleukin-6 (IL6), and Collagen Telopeptide. For the other cluster, these are HGF and metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1).

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing whether a human patient has gingivitis. The method is based on the insight to determine biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva a patient suffering from gingivitis, the concentrations are measured of the certain protein combinations. One such combination is Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AGP) and S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8), and at least one of Hemoglobin subunit beta (Hb-beta), Keratin 4 (K-4) and Pyruvate Kinase (PK). Another combination is Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AGP), Hemoglobin subunit beta (Hb-beta) and Keratin 4 (K-4). Based on the concentrations as measured, a value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This value is compared with a threshold value reflecting in the same manner the joint concentrations associated with gingivitis. The comparison allows assessing whether the testing value is indicative of the presence of gingivitis in said patient.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing whether a human patient has periodontitis. The method is based on the insight to determine biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva a patient suffering from periodontitis, the concentrations are measured of the certain protein combinations. One such combination is Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AGP) and at least one of Profilin and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9). Another combination is Pyruvate Kinase (PK) and S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8). Based on the concentrations as measured, a value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This value is compared with a threshold value reflecting in the same manner the joint concentrations associated with periodontitis. The comparison allows assessing whether the testing value is indicative of the presence of periodontitis in said patient.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing or predicting the response of a human patient to treatment of periodontal disease. The method is based on the insight to determine biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva of a patient, the concentrations are measured of certain protein combinations. One such combination is Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AGP) and at least one of Interleukin-1-beta (I-1?) and 5 Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). Based on the concentrations as measured, at least one value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This at least one value may indicate the probability that human patient has been or will be successfully treated for the periodontitis. The at least one value can be compared with at least one threshold value reflecting in the same manner the joint concentrations associated with successful treatment of 10 periodontitis.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing whether a human patient suffering from periodontitis has mild periodontitis or advanced periodontitis. The method is based on the insight to determine a selection of two biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva a patient suffering from periodontitis, the concentrations are measured of the proteins Pyruvate Kinase (PK) and at least one of Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9), S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8), and Hemoglobin subunit beta (Hb-beta); or of the proteins Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP9) and at least one of S 100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8) and S100 calcium-binding protein A9 (S100A9). Based on the concentrations as measured, a value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This value is compared with a threshold value reflecting in the same manner the joint concentrations associated with advanced periodontitis.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing or predicting the response of a human patient to treatment of periodontal disease. The method is based on the insight to determine biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva of a patient, the concentrations are measured of certain protein combinations. One such combination is Hemoglobin subunit delta (Hb-delta) and Pyruvate kinase (PK). Another such combination is Keratin-4 (K-4) and at least two of Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AGP), Pyruvate Kinase (PK) and Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8). A third combination is Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AGP), Pyruvate Kinase (PK) and S100 calcium binding protein A8 (S100A8). Based on the concentrations as measured, at least one value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This at least one value may indicate the probability that human patient has been or will be successfully treated for the periodontitis.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing whether a human patient has periodontitis. The method is based on the insight to determine biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva a patient suffering from periodontitis, the concentrations are measured of two or more of the proteins Matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8), Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), Pyruvate Kinase (PK) and S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8). Based on the concentrations as measured, a value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This value is compared with a threshold value reflecting in the same manner the joint concentrations associated with periodontitis. The comparison allows assessing whether the testing value is indicative of the presence of periodontitis in said patient.

Abstract: A method for monitoring the position of an oral care device in the mouth of a user, the method comprising emitting energy towards the user's face, receiving reflected energy from the user's face corresponding to the emitted energy, and determining the position of an oral care device in the mouth of the user using the received reflected energy and facial characteristics information of the user which relates to one or more facial features of the user.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing whether a human patient has periodontitis. The method is based on the insight to determine biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva a patient suffering from periodontitis, the concentrations are measured of the Free Light Chain ? protein and/or the Free Light Chain ?. Based on the concentration(s) as measured, a value is determined reflecting the concentration or joint concentrations for said protein or proteins. This value is compared with a threshold value reflecting in the same manner the concentration or joint concentrations associated with periodontitis. The comparison allows assessing whether the testing value is indicative of the presence of periodontitis in said patient.

Abstract: Disclosed is an in vitro method for assessing whether a human patient has gingivitis. The method is based on the insight to determine biomarker proteins. Accordingly, in a sample of saliva a patient suffering from gingivitis, the concentrations are measured of the certain protein combinations. One such combination is Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein (A1AGP) and at least one of Matrix metal-loproteinase-8 (MMP8), Matrix metalloproteinase-9 (M MP9), Hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), Hemoglobin subunit beta (Hb-beta), and S100 calcium-binding protein A8 (S100A8). Based on the concentrations as measured, a value is determined reflecting the joint concentrations for said proteins. This value is compared with a threshold value reflecting in the same manner the joint concentrations associated with gingivitis. The comparison allows assessing whether the testing value is indicative of the presence of gingivitis in said patient.

Abstract: A method (200) for determining a position and an orientation of a portion of a handheld personal care device relative to a user's body (50), comprising: providing (210) a handheld personal care device comprising at least one energy source (20) and at least one detector (22), both the at least one energy source and the at least one detector located within the handheld personal care device, the at least one energy source arranged at a first position and having a first orientation within the handheld personal care device; emitting (220) energy in a three dimensional space surrounding the handheld personal care device; detecting (230) a portion of the energy emitted; generating (240) sensor data; extracting (250) one or more features from the generated sensor data; and estimating (260) a position and an orientation of a portion of the handheld personal care device relative to the user's body based on the extracted one or more features.