Abstract: Divalent hapten derivatives wherein two hapten moieties are connected by means of a bifunctional spacer wherein the derivative has the formulaA--X--Awhere A is a bonded hapten moiety and X is a bifunctional spacer having the formula(B).sub.m --Y--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Z--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Y--(B).sub.mwhere m is independently 0 or 1, B is (CH.sub.2).sub.n', wherein n' is an integer from 1 to 4, or CO(CH.sub.2).sub.n", wherein n" is an integer from 2 or 4; Y is independently --CONH--, --NHCO--, --OOC, --COO--, --O--, --S--, or --NR--, wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 10; and Z is an organic moiety containing at least one hydrophilic atom, useful for the determination of haptens by immunochemical techniques are disclosed.

Abstract: There is described an assay element suitable for use in an automated analytical test instrument for assaying a fluid sample. The element includes a thin porous member possessing a high degree of capillarity such as a fibrous mesh pad supported within a guide defined by surfaces contiguous the porous member. The dimensions of the porous member and its degree of capillarity are such as to provide for capillary transport of fluid through the member. A fluid dispenser and a fluid collecting chamber are disposed contiguous to opposed ends of the porous member. The fluid dispenser is formed as a well with a port at the bottom of the well, the port being contiguous the porous member and having a ridge extending along a perimeter of the port. The ridge protrudes into the porous member a distance sufficient for entraining fluid present in the well to propagate within the member rather than along an interface between a surface of the member and guide surfaces which hold it in place.

Abstract: A liquid transport system provides controlled flow of liquid in a liquid flow zone between two surfaces wherein one surface includes a plurality of projections, or raised areas, arranged substantially throughout the surface in the liquid flow zone and an aperture for allowing the introduction of liquid between the two surfaces. In a preferred embodiment the projections on the first surface are arranged in parallel spaced rows and parallel spaced columns. The second surface may be one surface of a layer of a diagnostic assay element.

Abstract: An element for analysis of a liquid sample including a capillary containing a fixed reagent in fluid communication with reagent reservoirs and a waste liquid reservoir. A sample introducing means is provided which permits analyte in a sample to interact with the fixed reagent. A labelled reagent is provided which interacts with either the fixed reagent or the analyte in a manner which permits detection of the concentration of analyte in the sample. The capillary, reagent reservoirs, waste liquid reservoir and the sample introducing means are arranged within a common housing so that reagent waste liquid need not be removed from the element.

Abstract: A biological diagnostic device and process for efficiently and accurately analyzing a sample of a biological fluid for in analyte of interest. The device, which is a preferred embodiment utilized for the analysis of whole blood samples, comprises a diagnostic test element and a sample application unit comprising a fluid delivery element and means for providing sample fluid to the fluid delivery element. The fluid delivery element comprises a layer having a plurality of grooves, or channels, in the surface thereof which is adjacent the test element. The fluid which is provided to the grooves is subsequently delivered to the test element.

Abstract: A solid diagnostic device for the quantitative determination of substances of biological affinity in biological fluids is described. A process is also described in which the biological fluid is brought into contact with a specific functional sector of the device, the fluid migrates through several functional sectors situated beside one another and containing suitable reagent components, and one or more substances of biological affinity are detected in such functional sectors which contain, for each substance to be detected, at least one combination partner of biological affinity, attached to a solid phase.

Abstract: Divalent hapten derivatives wherein two hapten moieties are connected by means of a bifunctional spacer wherein the derivative has the formulaA--X--Awhere A is a bonded hapten moiety and X is a bifunctional spacer having the formula(B).sub.m --Y--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Z--(CH.sub.2).sub.n --Y--(B).sub.mwhere m is independently 0 or 1, B is (CH.sub.2).sub.n', wherein n' is an integer from 1 to 4, or CO(CH.sub.2).sub.n", wherein n" is an integer from 2 to 4; Y is independently --CONH--, NHCO--, OOC--, --COO--, --O--, --S--, or --NR--, wherein R is hydrogen or alkyl; n is an integer from 1 to 10; and Z is an organic moiety containing at least one hydrophilic atom are disclosed.

Abstract: A solid diagnostic device for the quantitative determination of substances of biological affinity in biological fluids is described. A process is also described in which the biological fluid is brought into contact with a specific functional sector of the device, the fluid migrates through several functional sectors situated beside one another and containing suitable reagent components, and one or more substances of biological affinity are detected in such functional sectors which contain, for each substance to be detected, at least one combination partner of biological affinity, attached to a solid phase.

Abstract: A solid diagnostic device for the quantitative determination of substances of biological affinity in biological fluids is described. A process is also described in which the biological fluid is brought into contact with a specific functional sector of the device, the fluid migrates through several functional sectors situated beside one another and containing suitable reagent components, and one or more substances of biological affinity are detected in such functional sectors which contain, for each substance to be detected, at least one combination partner of biological affinity, attached to a solid phase.