Abstract: An electrically heated window is disclosed which achieves a more uniform current density at the interface between the resistive heating layer and the current-bearing electrodes to which it is connected. In one embodiment this may be achieved by forming the edge of the electrode in an undulating shape. It may also be done by increasing the surface resistance of the electrode near its edge by, for example, forming the edge so that it is wedge-shaped in cross-section. More uniform current density may also be achieved by using an electrode which has a resistivity that is greater than that of the resistive heating layer. It may also be achieved by use of a high resistivity layer located between the electrode and the resistive heating layer.

Abstract: Apparatus for an electrically moved sliding window, used illustratively in automotive applications, having first, a built-in safety device, for providing a signal whenever the window has been raised or lowered to a preselected height and second, a proximity detector is described. The device and detector comprise a plurality of conductors, bonded to the surface of the window. These conductors are, in turn, connected to an integrated circuit element which is also mounted to the surface of the window. This circuit element controls a power stage which, in turn, supplies power to the drive motor which raises and lowers the window. The circuit element and the conductors are placed directly on the window in a stationary position with respect to one another.

Abstract: An electrically heated window is disclosed which achieves a more uniform current density at the interface between the resistive heating layer and the current-bearing electrodes to which it is connected. In one embodiment this may be achieved by forming the edge of the electrode in an undulating shape. It may also be done by increasing the surface resistance of the electrode near its edge by, for example, forming the edge so that it is wedge-shaped in cross-section. More uniform current density may also be achieved by using an electrode which has a resistivity that is greater than that of the resitive heating layer. It may also be achieved by use of a high resistivity layer located between the electrode and the resistive heating layer.

Abstract: Switch panel in the form of a glass plate having markings printed thereon to form a switch space. The panel has an opaque layer on the back surface containing windows which are transparent to infrared radiation. A switch sensor responsive to infrared radiation is provided to receive any radiation that may pass through the window from an infrared radiation emitter where the radiation is reflected or dispersed when the switch space is touched.

Abstract: To minimize overmodulation in an active window antenna and radio receiver system, an amplification control voltage is produced in the active antenna, i.e., directly behind the antenna pre-amplifier, and is used to control the amplification of the pre-amplifier.

Abstract: A vehicle antenna window and amplifier are described comprising an antenna conductor located on or in a windshield and a high input impedance transistor amplifier circuit, these two components being mutually adjusted for amplification primarily in the two frequency bands ranging from 0.1 to 6 MegaHertz (MHz) and from 88 to 104 MHz.

Abstract: A window glass having an inscription thereon formed from a semi-reflective transparent material. The inscription is visible when it is viewed against a dark background and does not interfere with vision through the glass when viewed against a light background.

Abstract: A combined window or windshield and antenna for an automotive vehicle includes an antenna comprising a generally T-shaped conductor and a generally U-shaped conductor, the two conductors being connected together at a point intermediate the ends of the U-shaped conductor, the two limbs of the U-shaped conductor so defined being asymmetric with respect to each other, whereby the resulting antenna has reception characteristics more nearly independent of the orientation of the vehicle to the transmitter whose signals are being received.

Abstract: Antennas are applied to broad surfaces of electrically non-conductive material, and electronic adapters such as self-inductors, transformers, and capacitors are constructed in the same way and attached to the antenna on the surface of the material, affording improved output of the antenna and better reception in the receiver. Such apparatus is useful on vehicular windshields such as those of aircraft and automobiles, and on the windows of buildings such as of apartment houses.

Abstract: A grid of heating conductors for defrosting applied to the window of a vehicle is connected to a source of electrical energy through a relay-operated switch. This switch is closed either in response to a drop in the resistance between two conductors or electrodes mounted in spaced relation on an insulating support such as the window (the drop occurring by accumulation of moisture on the support and between the conductors) or in response to a drop in temperature at or near the window. For this purpose the resistance between the two conductors over the surface of the support may be paralleled by a thermostatic switch which closes with drop in temperature, both this resistance and the thermostatic switch being in the input to a trigger circuit controlling the relay to energize it in response to a decline in resistance at that input. Alternatively the trigger circuit may include thermistors which sense the drop in temperature and set the trigger circuit to the condition which energizes the relay.