Abstract: An armored vehicle, especially combat vehicle, having an outer wall (1) in which is disposed an air inlet opening (2) behind which a radiator is positioned in the interior of the vehicle. To produce a ballistic protective device at the air inlet opening, there is disposed in the interior of the vehicle, in the region between radiator and air inlet opening (2), a base plate (5), and the intermediate spaces between the outer edges of the base plate (5) and the inner edges of the air inlet opening (2) are closed off by cover plates (4.2, 4.3). The base plate (5) is provided in the central portion with an air passage below which the radiator is positioned. Above the base plate (5), essentially in the plane of the outer wall (1), a protective plate (7) is disposed and dimensioned such that an annular air passage slot is provided between its outer edges and the inner edges of the air inlet opening (2).

Abstract: A seating unit in a combat vehicle that is protected against mines is provided. The vehicle has a hull that is disposed on the chassis and that has at least one hatch in its roof plate that can be closed off by a hatch cover. The seating unit, which is disposed in the hull in the region below the hatch, is provided with a base on which is disposed a seat and that is suspended on the front or side wall and/or the roof plate of the hull via a tubular construction in such a way that the base is not at less than a prescribed spacing relative to the base of the hull. The tubular construction can comprise two guide tubes that extend parallel to one another and upwardly at an angle. The upper ends of the tubes are connected with the front wall, and the lower ends are suspended on the roof plate via connecting tubes. The base is displaceably disposed on the guide tubes via holding devices.

Abstract: A configuration for multiplexing and/or demultiplexing the signals of at least two optical wavelength channels, is described. Provided in this case is a grating device having an optical grating, a first optical free beam region and a second optical free beam region. Accordingly, radiation is coupled into and out of the first free beam region via a coupling device which effects a flattening and/or widening of the field distribution of the light coupled in or out, at least in the plane of the first free beam region. This permits a transmission characteristic of the configuration to be flattened.

Abstract: An armored vehicle, especially combat vehicle, having an outer wall (1) in which is disposed an air inlet opening (2) behind which a radiator is positioned in the interior of the vehicle. To produce a ballistic protective device at the air inlet opening, there is disposed in the interior of the vehicle, in the region between radiator and air inlet opening (2), a base plate (5), and the intermediate spaces between the outer edges of the base plate (5) and the inner edges of the air inlet opening (2) are closed off by cover plates (4.2, 4.3). The base plate (5) is provided in the central portion with an air passage below which the radiator is positioned. Above the base plate (5), essentially in the plane of the outer wall (1), a protective plate (7) is disposed and dimensioned such that an annular air passage slot is provided between its outer edges and the inner edges of the air inlet opening (2).

Abstract: A configuration for spatially separating and/or joining at least two optical wavelength channels includes an optical phased array device which has a device for producing an attenuation function for a wavelength-dependent attenuation of the transmission function of at least one of the waveguides which is provided solely for a respective one of the channels and/or of the waveguide which is provided jointly for all the channels.

Abstract: A seating unit in a combat vehicle that is protected against mines is provided. The vehicle has a hull that is disposed on the chassis and that has at least one hatch in its roof plate that can be closed off by a hatch cover. The seating unit, which is disposed in the hull in the region below the hatch, is provided with a base on which is disposed a seat and that is suspended on the front or side wall and/or the roof plate of the hull via a tubular construction in such a way that the base is not at less than a prescribed spacing relative to the base of the hull. The tubular construction can comprise two guide tubes that extend parallel to one another and upwardly at an angle. The upper ends of the tubes are connected with the front wall, and the lower ends are suspended on the roof plate via connecting tubes. The base is displaceably disposed on the guide tubes via holding devices.

Abstract: A configuration for multiplexing and/or demultiplexing the signals of at least two optical wavelength channels, is described. Provided in this case is a grating device having an optical grating, a first optical free beam region and a second optical free beam region. Accordingly, radiation is coupled into and out of the first free beam region via a coupling device which effects a flattening and/or widening of the field distribution of the light coupled in or out, at least in the plane of the first free beam region. This permits a transmission characteristic of the configuration to be flattened.

Abstract: The coupling device comprises a displacement arrangement for displacing the two waveguide end surfaces relative to one another parallel to the end surfaces and the arrangement has an expansion element that moves the end surfaces relative to one another on the basis of a spatial expansion and/or contraction of the element. With this coupling device tunable optical multi-channel filters with temperature compensation, optical attenuators and waveguide switches can advantageously be realized in a simple manner.

Abstract: A device for planar light-guiding layers arranged one above the other and having an infeed end face for coupling a respective light beam in the layer and an outfeed end face for coupling light from each of the layers, each of the layers being provided with an arrangement for deflecting light coupled in one of the end faces toward the other end faces so that a plurality of individual light beams can be converted into a more compact arrangement of a light beam or a light beam of a larger cross section can be converted into a plurality of smaller sub-beams having a smaller cross section.

Abstract: A device for the wavelength-related stabilization of an optical filter, particularly a wavelength-division multiplexer/demultiplexer, comprises a Bragg grating arranged in the proximity of the filter and a waveguide for supplying a fixed optical reference wavelength to the grating. The grating is regulated to either a maximum transmission and minimum reflection or a minimum transmission and maximum reflection of the reference wavelength by controlling the temperature of the grating and of the filter.

Abstract: An optical coupling arrangement consist of a pair of strip-type optical waveguide end segments extending alongside one another and having ends arranged at a small distance from each other so that crosstalk can occur. In order to suppress the crosstalk at a point spaced from the ends of each of the end segments, the segments are arranged so that the distance from one another increases from the distance at the end as the distance from the end along said segments increases.

Abstract: In a phased-array filter, mutually spatially separated planar waveguides arranged on the surface of a substrate between two substrate edges are optically connected to one another by an optical phase shift in the form of a plurality of strip-type optical waveguides which extend in a bent fashion and are of different optical length. In order to be able to continuously adjust the central wavelength of the filter by varying the location of launching within certain limits, a planar waveguide is arranged directly at the other substrate edge so as to permit direct launching into this planar waveguide.

Abstract: Optical duplexer for bidirectional optical information transmission. In the optical duplexer for bidirectional information transmission, a phase difference is produced between two optical waves reflected back to the duplexer on different optical paths for reducing a near-end crosstalk while avoiding the generation of a difference in path length between the two paths. Provided is a device for controlling the phase of an optical wave reflected back into the duplexer on one of the two paths or provided are two paths having a difference in optical wavelength produced by a difference in refractive index. In particular, it is beneficial to set or fix the phase difference between the optical waves reflected back into the duplexer on the two paths to .pi./2. The optical coupler is advantageously utilized in bidirectional information transmission.

Abstract: A method for generating a lattice structure with a phase shift on a surface of a substrate characterized by the steps of exposing of a photo-sensitive surface in an optical interference field and then subsequently exposing the same surface to a second interference field with the spatial frequencies of the two interference fields being changed a small amount between the two exposures. The photo-sensitive surface can be a photoresist layer applied on the substrate. After developing of the layer, this lattice structure is produced by etching. Another embodiment of the method is produced by means of a laser-active etching wherein the photo-sensitive surface is compound of a substrate surface in contact with an etchant and the etchant reaction is activated by the exposure.

Abstract: A method for manufacturing a surface grating on a mesa structure of a laser includes etching a substrate surface by wet-chemical etching to form a surface grating of defined grating constant, masking regions of the surface grating corresponding to the mesa structure, and further etching the unmasked regions to transfer the surface grating to the more deeply situated surface regions of the mesa structure while retaining substantially the same grating constant.