Abstract: An arrangement for aligning an antenna by determining an extreme value maximum or minimum of a predetermined physical dimension which is dependent on the alignment of the antenna. A voltage is generated in proportion in the magnitude of the physical parameter or dimension, and this voltage is applied to a voltage-to-frequency converter which converts this voltage into an acoustical signal. This acoustical signal has a frequency which is inversely proportional to the voltage. The acoustical signal is applied to the control input of an electronic switch which is actuated by an oscillator. Groups of pulses in the output signal from the oscillator are obtainable at the output of the electronic switch, in synchronization with the acoustical signal. When the antenna is misaligned, the acoustical signal has a relatively high frequency, while the voltage has a relatively low level.

Abstract: A trigger system for spark-fired internal combustion engines includes a plurality of magnets mounted in a structure that rotates in a timed relationship with the engine. One magnet is provided for each cylinder in the engine. All of the magnets except one have the same pole face exposed to couple inductively with a sensing coil, while the remaining magnet has an exposed pole of opposite polarity. The sensing coil is doubly wound and the resulting two coils are connected in opposite senses. The outputs of the two coils are taken to a decoding unit which produces an output of one pulse per magnet. Those pulses are substantially identical, regardless of magnet polarity, and are used to fire the spark plugs at the appropriate times. The decoding unit also produces a unique pulse which identifies the magnet of opposite polarity. That pulse is used to identify a selected cylider in the engine, such as the No. 1 cylinder.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a two stroke internal combustion engine comprising a cylinder, a crankcase extending from the cylinder, a piston reciprocal in the cylinder and defining, with the cylinder, a variable volume combustion chamber and defining, with the crankcase, a crankcase chamber having a volume which varies inversely with respect to the volume of the combustion chamber, a transfer passage communicating, subject to piston movement, between the crankcase chamber and the combustion chamber, an air intake passage extending from the crankcase chamber and including therein a throttle valve movable between opened and closed positions to control engine speed, a reed valve located between the air intake passage and the crankcase chamber for controlling communication between the air intake passage and the crankcase chamber, a first fuel injector communicating with the transfer passage, a second fuel injector communicating with the air intake passage between the reed valve and the throttle valve, and a controller fo

Abstract: An automatic alignment system for the tuner of a television receiver with a controlled high-frequency preamplifier stage and an intermediate-frequency amplifier that has a reference circuit with a resonance frequency that can be switched to the arithmetic mean between the video-carrier intermediate frequency and the audio-carrier intermediate frequency during automatic alignment. The maximum control voltage is employed as a criterion for optimum alignment and an auxiliary oscillator is switched on during automatic alignment and generates through a mixing stage an auxiliary frequency that corresponds to the arithmetic mean of the video-carrier frequency and the audio-carrier frequency from the tuner-oscillator frequency.

Abstract: A mixer circuit with a conventional very high frequency circuit for the reception of color television bands I and III, which is connected dependent on the band and which is provided with an NPN transistor. The NPN transistor operates via a collector resistor onto a two circuit band filter. Moire interferences in the band I region expanded for CATV are avoided by having the mixer current used to 0.3 to 0.6 mA via a counter coupling resistor disposed between base and hot end of the resistor 4. Thus the self-interference in band I is reduced by a value of about 60 dB. In case of band III operation the corresponding switching voltage is fed via a series connection of a diode 6 and a resistor 5 to the base and thus the base level is lifted up to higher mixing current, since in band III self-interferences cannot occur in the case of the presence of signals.

Abstract: A receiver stage for radio or television receiver. A single case enclosing a device comprises inside a tuner, an intermediate frequency amplifier connected to the tuner, a demodulator connected to the intermediate frequency amplifier, and a phase locked loop provision connected to the tunner. The joint case allows joint shielding of all components with shield plates mounted inside the case, avoids unreliable plug connections and reduces the production cost of radio and television receiver sets.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for producing an endless tubular felt includes superposing layers of tubular felt one upon the other and binding of the superposed layers together. A marking line is applied to the top surface of the superposed layers in continuous manner as the felt is trained about the driven rolls. The rolls include needle segments which move the felt axially of the roll. A scanner scans the position of the marking line shortly before the completion of one revolution. A controller compares the position of the marking line with a reference and causes the needle means to be adjusted to that the marking line corresponds with the reference.

Abstract: A circuit is provided for the measurement and recognition of maximum or minimum voltages coming for example from a frequency selective measurement objective and in particular from an electronic filter. A fixed measurement frequency is fed to the measurement object. The measurement object is balanced by a stepwise change of a tuning voltage. The output voltage generated by the measurement object is fed to a switch after rectification and amplification, which switch is clocked with a clock signal. The output voltages of the switch are fed to an intermediate storage. The output voltages of the intermediate storage are supplied to a differential amplifier via an intermediate switch actuated by a control clock cycle. If the output voltage reaches an extremum such as a maximum then the stepwise change of the tuning voltage is interrupted.

Abstract: An input circuit is provided for a television receiver for amplifying and transforming the input signals into an intermediate frequency signal. The output of the mixers is fed via intermediate-frequency bandpass filters to respective decoupling diodes, which are switched on depending on the selected receiver frequency range. The output of the decoupling diodes is fed to an impedance transformer such as an emitter follower and its output in turn is entered into an intermediate-frequency amplifier.

Abstract: An tuner unit is provided for communications receivers with automatic self-balancing of the individual high frequency filter circuits. An assigned frequency applied to the desired receiver channel is fed to the antenna input during the automatic balancing process. The voltage of this assigned frequency picked up at the output of the filter circuits changes according to a stepwise increase of a tuning voltage controlled by a microprocessor. The tuning voltage is applied to the filter circuit to be balanced via a digital-analog converter and via a switching means controlled by the microprocessor. The automatic balancing is provided by switching the switching means successively to connect to the individual filter sections.

Abstract: Chips of scrap wood having a length at least twice the desired length of shavings for the making of particle board panels, as considered in the direction of grain, are fed into a rotor having an annulus of blades which split the chips in the direction of grain and feed the comminuted chips into the range of stationary comb-like knives serving to subdivide the split chips into shavings of ultimate length.

Abstract: To permit the use of hard glass rather than silica or quartz glass, a bulb of hard glass is drawn from a length of hard glass tubing, the exhaust tube being molded on adjacent the rounded-off bulb. A mount assembly composed of filaments and two or more lead-in wires is pinch-sealed into the bulb such that pre-oxidized portions of the lead-in wires come to lie within the pinch seal. The pinch seal is rendered vacuum-tight and shaped in separate steps including repeated heating to fuse the wires to the glass and to shape the pinch seal. Subsequent to filling with inert gas, the lamp manufacture is terminated by tipping off the exhaust tube.

Abstract: A useful current component of an electro-optical coupling element is increased by providing a synthetic resin coupling medium having an adhered unitary encapsuling mass composed of the identical synthetic resin forming the coupling medium and containing therein a radiation reflecting material, such as titanium dioxide and a radiation impermeable material, such as aluminum bronze.

Abstract: Chip-forming apparatus including housing means having a peripheral inner wall surface, a cutter cage mounted within the housing means and spaced from the peripheral inner wall surface, the cutter cage having a plurality of chip-cutting blades, means for feeding coarse material to the cutter cage to be formed into chips by the chip-cutting blades and hurled radially outwardly against the peripheral inner wall surface, and cleaning means mounted in the housing means adjacent the peripheral inner wall surface thereof and revolvable in brushing engagement with the inner wall surface.

Abstract: A tool for removing shavings from wood has a rotary main body portion provided with recesses extending inwardly from the peripheral surface and receiving elongated plate-like holders for flat blades made of sheet steel. Each blade is formed with openings for locating pins on the respective holder, and each holder is urged toward an internal surface of the body portion by a spring-biased wedge. Strip-shaped guide members are adjustably connected with the holders and are slidable in grooves machined into the internal surfaces of the body portion. A blade can be removed or inverted by moving the respective wedge away from the holder and by thereupon moving the holder axially of the body portion so that the blade can be lifted off the locating pins. The holders and the guide members have cooperating surfaces along which the holders can slide to thereby move the cutting edges of the blades toward or away from the axis of the body portion.