Abstract: The permanent shaping method avoids overcurling of hair tips. Prior to performing the permanent shaping of the hair, the hair tips are protected by wrapping the hair tips with an impregnated foil and then performing the permanent shaping of the hair. The foil is an impregnated hair-tip paper that has been treated with an aqueous preparation that provides superior permanent shaping results. This aqueous preparation contains water, from 20 to 70 percent by weight of at least one lipophilic substance; from 1 to 25 percent by weight of at least one emulsifier and from 0.5 to 15 percent by weight of at least one organic acid. An impregnated foil made from silk or rice paper is also described.

Abstract: The hair shaping composition for permanent shaping of hair contains a cysteine ester of the formula (I):HS--CH.sub.2 --CH(NH.sub.2)--COO--CH.sub.2 --CH.sub.2 --R (I)as a keratin-reducing material, wherein R is a hydroxy group, alkoxy groups, a poly(alkoxy) group or a hydroxypoly(alkoxy) group, or one of its acid additional salts. Cysteine ester compounds and their methods of preparation are also described. Preferred embodiments of the hair shaping composition have a pH of from 4.5 to 9.0 and contain from 4 to 30% by weight of the cysteine ester or its acid addition salt and provide a safe and uniform shaping of hair without allergic or sensitizing reactions.

Abstract: The permanent shaping composition for permanent shaping of hair includes from 2 to 25 percent by weight of a conventional keratin-reducing compound and from 0.02 to 5 percent by weight of certain diquaternary polysiloxanes. The permanent wave-pretreatment composition includes from 0.02 to 5 percent by weight of the diquaternary polysiloxanes. The permanent shaping composition advantageously includes mercaptocarbonic acid reducing agents and has a pH of from 6 to 10 and may include conventional cosmetic additives. Methods for using the permanent shaping composition and the permanent wave-pretreatment composition are described which provide a more uniform permanant wave from the hair roots to the hair tips.

Abstract: The composition for permanent shaping of hair based on a hair keratin-reducing agent contains N-glycyl-L-cysteine and/or L-cysteinyl-glycine as the hair keratin-reducing agent. The N-glycyl-L-cysteine and/or L-cysteinyl-glycine is advantageously the only hair keratin-reducing substance present. The compositions have a preferred pH range of 6.5 to 9.0 and contain from 8 to 30 percent by weight of the N-glycyl-L-cysteine and/or L-cysteinyl-glycine. Use of this composition for permanent shaping of hair avoids a troublesome white deposit or coating on the hair which occurs when cysteine-containing hair shaping compositions are used.

Abstract: The hair shaping composition for permanent shaping of hair has a pH of from 6 to 9 and contains one or more conventional cosmetic additives, which can include water; perfume oil and/or a surface active compound, and from 5 to 25 percent by weight of 2-hydroxy-3-mercaptopropionic acid and/or its salts as active keratin-reducing agent. Preferably the 2-hydroxy-3-mercaptopropionic acid and/or its salts are the only keratin-reducing components in the composition. The method for permanent shaping of hair using this hair shaping composition allows a ready and uniform shaping of the hair without allergic or sensitizing reaction.

Abstract: The new keratin-reducing substances useful in compositions for permanent shaping of hair are glyceryl esters of cysteine, especially the monoglyceryl esters. As monoglyceryl esters of cysteine 2-amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid-(2',3'-dihydroxypropyl)ester and 2-amino-3-mercaptopropionic acid-(1',3'-dihydroxyisopropyl)ester are particularly preferred. A preferred embodiment of the compositions for permanent shaping of hair consists of a ready-to-use mixture of a water-free component including at least one glyceryl ester of cysteine and at least one other component which is kept physically separately from the water-free component until the mixture is prepared. The compositions also can include other conventional ingredients normally used in permanent shaping compositions such as surfactants and thickeners. The compositions have a preferred pH range of 6.0 to 8.5 and contain from 8 to 28 percent by weight of the glyceryl esters of cysteine.

Abstract: Nail polish is disclosed, based upon a film-former, a resin component and a solvent system, containing as film-former and/or resin component an O-benzyl-N-hydroxyalkyl chitosan fo the formula (I)HO[C.sub.6 H.sub.11-m-q NO.sub.4 (R.sup.1).sub.m (R.sup.2).sub.n (R.sup.3).sub.q ].sub.p H (I)(with m=0 to 0.6; n=0.1 to 10; q=0.1 to 4; p=an integer from 50 to 5,000; R.sup.1 =acetyl; R.sup.2 =hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl or 2-hydroxybutyl and R.sup.3 =benzyl).The polish film obtained with the nail polish possesses a high luster, outstanding adhesion, as well as an increased hardness compared to nail polishes based upon nitro-cellulose, with even more sufficient elasticity. Also included in the present invention are the new O-benzyl-N-hydroxyalkyl-chitosans of formula (I).

Abstract: The invention is directed to cosmetic compositions for the treatment of hair or skin characterized in that they contain new N-hydroxybutyl-chitosans, or their salts, consisting of(a) 4 to 40 mole percent monomer units of the formula (I) ##STR1## and (b) 60 to 96 mole percent monomer units of the formula (II) ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and designate hydrogen or the group ##STR3## with n being equal to an integer from 1 to 5, provided that R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are not simultaneously hydrogen in at least 50 percent of the units of formula (II). In addition, it is directed to new N-hydroxybutyl-chitosans and their salts and a process for producing these new compounds from butylene oxide and chitosan.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a cosmetic for the treatment of hair and skin which is characterized by a content of novel N-hydroxy-propyl-isopropyl ether chitosans consisting of (a) 4 to 40 mole percent of monomer units having the formula (I) ##STR1## and (b) 60 to 96 mole percent of monomer units having the formula (II) ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are identical or different and represent hydrogen or the group ##STR3## wherein n equals 1 or 2, with the condition that in at least half the units having the formula (II) R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 do not simultaneously represent hydrogen. The present invention also relates to novel N-hydroxy-propyl-isopropyl ether chitosans.

Abstract: New alkyl-hydroxypropyl-chitosans of the formula IHO[C.sub.6 H.sub.11-m-q NO.sub.4 (R.sup.1).sub.m (R.sup.2).sub.n (R.sup.3).sub.q ].sub.p H (I)(m=0-0.6; n=0.5-10; q=0.5-4; p=50-5000; R.sup.1 =acetyl; ##STR1## R.sup.3 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.6 -alkyl) and their salts with organic or inorganic acids. The invention is directed, in addition, to a process for producing the chitosan derivatives of the formula I, as well as cosmetic compositions for the treatment of hair or skin, particularly compositions for strengthening hair, comprising a content of these chitosan derivatives. The described alkyl-hydroxypropyl-chitosans are distinguished by their favorable solubility in organic solvents. Therefore, they can also be used, for example, in anhydrous hairsprays.

Abstract: Cosmetic compositions are disclosed, for the treatment of skin or hair, with a content of new N-hydroxypropyl-chitosan derivatives, composed of (a) 4 to 40 Mol-% units of Formula (I) ##STR1## and (b) 60 to 96 Mol-% units of Formula (II) ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and are each hydrogen or the group ##STR3## with n being equal to an integer from 1 to 5, with the proviso that in at least 50% of the units (II), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are not simultaneously hydrogen, or the salts thereof; along with new N-hydroxypropyl-chitosan derivatives and their salts as well a a process for the production of these new compounds from propylene oxide and chitosan.

Abstract: Cosmetic compositions are disclosed, for the treatment of skin or hair, with a content of new N-hydroxypropyl-chitosan derivatives, composed of (a) 4 to 40 Mol-% units of Formula (I) ##STR1## and (b) 60 to 96 Mol-% units of Formula (II) ##STR2## wherein R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are the same or different and are each hydrogen or the group ##STR3## with n being equal to an integer from 1 to 5, with the proviso that in at least 50% of the units of (II), R.sup.1 and R.sup.2 are not simultaneously hydrogen, or the salts thereof; along with new N-hydroxypropyl-chitosan derivatives and their salts as well as a process for the production of these new compounds from propylene oxide and chitosan.