Abstract: An automatic frequency control system for use in satellite communications is provided that is pre-programmed with an initial acquisition Doppler offset frequency. The system includes a search mode for accurately determining the satellite's initial frequency translation error before the initiation of data transmission and also for determining the Doppler rate of change. The system further includes a tracking mode, in which the frequency variation is continuously monitored. Depending on the frequency characteristics of the transmission, the system is capable of re-entering the search mode to determine a new frequency translation error, if necessary.

Abstract: An apparatus for developing photosensitive material which comprises passing the material into a bath of circulating developer fluid at a relatively static portion thereof and discharging the material from the bath below the surface of the fluid through a nip between two squeeze rollers. The fluid is prevented from escaping from the bath at the discharge end due to the cooperation between a sealing lip on the lower guide plate of the bath and the nip formed by the squeeze rollers.