Abstract: An apparatus configured to: receive a downlink signal; determine whether a TA stored at the apparatus is valid based, at least partially, on a reception timing of the received downlink signal and a delay spread value; and initiate small data transmission with a pre-configured uplink resource based, at least partially, on the determination that the TA is valid. An apparatus configured to: transmit, to a UE, a configuration comprising information related to TA validation for the UE, wherein the information comprises at least one of: an indication of a value configured to indicate a fraction of a cyclic prefix length of a symbol for reception of an uplink transmission from the UE, or a delay spread value; transmit a downlink signal; and receive a SDT based, at least partially, on the fraction of the length of the cyclic prefix, the transmitted downlink signal, and the delay spread value.

Abstract: An apparatus, comprising at least one processor and at least one memory storing instructions, the at least one memory and the instructions configured to, with the at least one processor, cause a receiver to perform a correlation processing of a first signal received by the receiver and/or of a second signal which can be derived from the first signal, and to at least temporarily modify an output signal of the correlation processing using at least one neural network, wherein a modified output signal may be obtained.

Abstract: Embodiments of the present disclosure relate to generation and detection of physical random access channel (PRACH) preamble. A first device determines a base sequence, a first scrambling sequence for the base sequence, and a second scrambling sequence for the base sequence. The first device generates a random access preamble by applying the first and second scrambling sequences to different portions of the base sequence, respectively. The first device transmits the random access preamble to a second device.

Abstract: The method includes receiving indicator information indicating a processor should use a first type preamble sequence or a second type preamble sequence to generate a first preamble sequence, generating the first preamble sequence, transmitting a first request message to request network resources, the first request message including the first preamble sequence, a processor being capable of generating both the first type preamble sequence and the second type preamble sequence for the first request message to initially request network resources, receiving a feedback message from the receiver, and controlling the network data traffic based on the feedback message. The second type preamble sequence has a higher robustness against frequency impairments compared to the first type preamble sequence. The second type preamble sequence is used in high carrier frequency scenarios, within 5G networks, in case of low-cost terminals, or in ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC) use cases.

Abstract: The method includes receiving indicator information indicating a processor should use a first type preamble sequence or a second type preamble sequence to generate a first preamble sequence, generating the first preamble sequence, transmitting a first request message to request network resources, the first request message including the first preamble sequence, a processor being capable of generating both the first type preamble sequence and the second type preamble sequence for the first request message to initially request network resources, receiving a feedback message from the receiver, and controlling the network data traffic based on the feedback message. The second type preamble sequence has a higher robustness against frequency impairments compared to the first type preamble sequence. The second type preamble sequence is used in high carrier frequency scenarios, within 5G networks, in case of low-cost terminals, or in ultra-reliable and low latency communication (URLLC) use cases.

Abstract: The method includes generating a preamble sequence at a transmitter, where the transmitter is capable of generating a first type of preamble sequence and a second type of preamble sequence. The transmitter transmits a request message to a receiver to request network resources, where the request message including the preamble sequence. The transmitter receives a feedback message from the receiver. The transmitter controls the network data traffic based on the feedback message. The method further includes receiving, a receiver, a signal from the transmitter, the signal including the preamble sequence. The receiver detects the preamble sequence within the signal, where the receiver is capable of detecting a first type of preamble sequence and a second type of preamble sequence. The receiver identifies a request message within the signal based on the detected preamble sequence, and controls the network data traffic based on the identified request message.

Abstract: The method includes generating a preamble sequence at a transmitter, where the transmitter is capable of generating a first type of preamble sequence and a second type of preamble sequence. The transmitter transmits a request message to a receiver to request network resources, where the request message including the preamble sequence. The transmitter receives a feedback message from the receiver. The transmitter controls the network data traffic based on the feedback message. The method further includes receiving, a receiver, a signal from the transmitter, the signal including the preamble sequence. The receiver detects the preamble sequence within the signal, where the receiver is capable of detecting a first type of preamble sequence and a second type of preamble sequence. The receiver identifies a request message within the signal based on the detected preamble sequence, and controls the network data traffic based on the identified request message.

Abstract: The invention relates to a method (MET1) for receiving uplink radio frequency signals (RFS) in a radio communication system. The radio communication system comprises at least one antenna system for a reception of the uplink radio frequency signals (RFS), a slave unit (SU) connected to the at least one antenna system, and a master unit (MU) controlling the slave unit (SU). The method (MET1) comprises the steps of receiving (M1/10) at the at least one antenna system the uplink radio frequency signals (RFS), verifying (M1/13), whether a characteristic parameter of the received uplink radio frequency signals (RFS) fulfills a predefined criterion, and controlling (M1/14) a forwarding of the received uplink radio frequency signals (RFS) to the master unit (MU) depending on a fulfillment of the predefined criterion.

Abstract: A method for adapting at least one system parameter (i) defining a connection between a transmitter unit and a receiver unit in a radio based communications system, wherein an adaptation frequency at which the system parameter (i) is adapted is dependent on at least one derivative of order n, n=0; 1, of a distance between the transmitter unit and the receiver unit with respect to time. Thus, the method provides an efficient way of relating the need to update system parameters in radio based communications systems to physically measured quantities in connection with constituents of the system, such that the parameter adaptation rate itself is adapted dynamically and system resources can be used in an optimized fashion.

Abstract: A method for adapting at least one system parameter (?i) defining a connection (C) between a transmitter unit (2) and a receiver unit (3, 4) in a radio based communications system (1), wherein an adaptation frequency (?) at which the system parameter(?i) is adapted is dependent on at least one derivative of order n, n=0; 1, of a distance (D) between the transmitter unit (2) and the receiver unit (3, 4) with respect to time. Thus, the method provides an efficient way of relating the need to update system parameters in radio based communications systems to physically measured quantities in connection with constituents of said system, such that the parameter adaptation rate itself is adapted dynamically and system resources can be used in an optimized fashion.

Abstract: An optical component comprising an optical waveguide and adjacent to it at least one grating array adapted to reflect stray light away from said optical waveguide. The use of a grating array with a plurality of structures like polygons or stripes gives the possibility to define a multiple of reflection directions. This is obtained by using polygons layed out in different orientations up to a random one or a Bragg grating preferably defined with a non-uniform period (chirped). Such grating arrays are usually structured within the same layer as the optical waveguide core layer.

Abstract: An optical component comprising an optical waveguide and adjacent to it at least one grating array adapted to reflect stray light away from said optical waveguide. The use of a grating array with a plurality of structures like polygons or stripes gives the possibility to define a multiple of reflection directions. This is obtained by using polygons layed out in different orientations up to a random one or a Bragg grating preferably defined with a non-uniform period (chirped). Such grating arrays are usually structured within the same layer as the optical waveguide core layer.

Abstract: This invention describes 17&agr;-hydroxy-4-androstene-3-one and its derivatives of the general formula I a method for producing these compounds and pharmaceuticals containing these compounds. The compounds according to the invention can be used for regulating spermatogenesis and for hormone replacement therapy in males by stimulating the inhibin-B secretion by the Sertoli cells. The increased inhibin-B concentration suppresses spermatogenesis in the testicles as it inhibits excretion by the hypophysis of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) that is essential in spermatogenesis.