Abstract: A power cord transformer includes a core of ferromagnetic material, a primary coil and a secondary coil both provided around the core. The core and coils have such a shape that the distance between two points on the primary coil and also the distance between two points on the secondary coil is always smaller than twice the largest axis of the power cord cross-section.

Abstract: The invention relates to an electric component (surface mountable component) which can be mounted on the surface of a printed circuit board. Such a component includes a thin, electroconductive layer or stack of layers which is provided with end contacts and arranged on a support of an electrically insulating material. In accordance with the invention, the dimension of the layer or stack of layers in at least one direction parallel to the surface of the support is smaller than the dimension of the support in the direction, while leaving portions of the surface of the support clear on at least two sides of the layer or stack of layers, and end contacts for the layer or stack of layers are situated on the surface portions of the support which are free of this layer or stack of layers, the thickness of the end contacts being larger than the thickness of the layer or stack of layers.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor has a substrate on which a plurality of resistive elements form a double Wheatstone bridge circuit, at least one of the resistive elements in each bridge having a magneto-resistive characteristic. The two bridges are identical except in that, if a given magneto-resistive element in a given branch in one bridge has a positive output polarity, then the corresponding magneto-resistive element in the same branch in the other bridge will have a negative output polarity. By adding the output signals of the two Wheatstone bridges a zero-point offset of the sensor can be determined and eliminated. There is no need to employ the so-called flipping technique employed for that purpose in conventional sensors, which requires increased power consumption.

Abstract: Electric component which can be mounted on the surface of a printed circuit board as well as a method of manufacturing such components. The invention relates to an electric component (surface mountable component) which can be mounted on the surface of a printed circuit board, and to a method of manufacturing said component. Such a component comprises a thin, electroconductive layer or stack of layers which is provided with end contacts and arranged on a support of an electrically insulating material.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hybrid RC element and to a simple method of manufacturing such an element. The inventive hybrid RC element comprises a capacitor body and a resistor body. Said element is characterized in that it includes a block-shaped, ceramic capacitor body which is provided with a contact layer on two parallel surfaces, and in that a block-shaped, ceramic resistor body is provided on one of said contact layers, the surface of the resistor body facing away from the capacitor body also being provided with a contact layer. The resistor body is preferably made from doped Si. The inventive hybrid RC element is very suitable for applications in which the element is exposed to high voltage pulses (1 kV or more). Unlike the known hybrid RC elements, the element in accordance with the invention is not subject to short-circuits under these conditions.

Abstract: An electronic component with a substrate (1, 31) of which a surface (4, 34) is provided with a thin-film structure with passive elements (5, 35), with a resistor (6, 36) formed in a layer of resistor material (7, 37), and with a capacitor having a lower electrode (9, 39) formed in an electrode layer (10, 40) provided on the surface, a dielectric (11, 41) formed by a layer of insulating material (12, 41) provided on the lower electrode, and an upper electrode (13, 43) formed in an electrode layer (14, 44) provided on the dielectric. One of the electrodes (9, 43) of the capacitor (8, 38) is formed in an electrode layer (10, 44) which is constructed as a dual layer (19-21, 49-51), of which the layer of resistor material (7, 37) in which also the resistor (6, 36) is formed constitutes a first partial layer (19, 49), on which a layer of conductive material (20, 55) is provided which constitutes the other, second partial layer (21, 51).

Abstract: A device for measuring magnetic fields comprises an assembly of at least two magnetic field sensors each of which comprises a number of magnetoresistive sensor elements situated in one plane and which have the same privileged directions of magnetization, said sensor elements being connected to a power supply circuit and to a signal processing circuit. The privileged directions of magnetization of the sensor elements of different magnetic field sensors are different. The assembly of magnetic field sensors is arranged within a magnetization coil made of a number of turns of an electric conductor extending around a central axis so as to generate an auxiliary magnetic field extending parallel to the central axis.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor is composed of layered magnetoresistive elements which are arranged in a bridge on a substrate. The magnetoresistive elements comprise two ferromagnetic layers which exhibit an uni-axial anisotropy in one plane and are separated by a non-ferromagnetic layer. During the manufacture of the sensor the magnetization directions of these ferromagnetic layers are laid down so that two elements in two adjacent branches of the bridge exhibit an opposed sensitivity to external magnetic fields. Moreover, in each magnetoresistive element the magnetization of a ferromagnetic layer is adjusted substantially perpendicularly to the magnetization direction of the other ferromagnetic layer. As a result auxiliary fields are no longer required for the measurement of small magnetic fields and the sensor is substantially free of hysteresis and has an enhanced linearity.

Abstract: A device for determining the displacement of a vehicle on wheels which are connected to a body via a wheel suspension. The device includes apparatus for measuring a quantity which is indicative of the instantaneous vertical velocity of a wheel relative to the body. Using this quantity, the vertical component of the wheel displacement is eliminated so that in the event of a bumpy road surface a higher accuracy is obtained for determining the displacement of the vehicle body.

Abstract: A magnetic field sensor includes a number of magnetoresistive sensor elements situated in one plane, and which have the same privileged directions of magnetization, and a magnetization coil connected to a current pulse generator which alternately supplies the magnetization coil with opposite current pulses to generate a magnetic field which extends parallel to the privileged directions of the sensor elements and is strong enough to reverse the direction of internal magnetization thereof The magnetization coil includes an electrically insulating substrate which supports an approximately spiral-shaped electric conductor track including a group of parallel arranged active conductor elements. An electric current flows through the conductor track in the same direction in all active conductor elements of the relevant group.

Abstract: The efficiency of semiconductor cathodes based on avalanche breakdown is enhanced by using ".delta.-doping" structures. The quantization effects introduced thereby decrease the effective work function. A typical cathode structure has an n-type semiconductor region and a first p-type semiconductor region, with the n-type region having a thickness of at most 4 nanometers.