Abstract: In an exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine including a central part with tow exhaust gas flow ducts extending from the central part in opposite directions for collecting exhaust gas from first and respectively second cylinder groups of the engine, the center part includes a first control valve for controlling the exhaust gas flow from the first and the second cylinder groups to first and second turbine inlet flow passages, a second control valve for controlling the exhaust gas pressure and a third control valve for controlling the exhaust gas recirculation rate.

Abstract: In an exhaust manifold for an internal combustion engine including a central part with tow exhaust gas flow ducts extending from the central part in opposite directions for collecting exhaust gas from first and respectively second cylinder groups of the engine, the center part includes a first control valve for controlling the exhaust gas flow from the first and the second cylinder groups to first and second turbine inlet flow passages, a second control valve for controlling the exhaust gas pressure and a third control valve for controlling the exhaust gas recirculation rate.

Abstract: In an internal combustion engine with an engine block, a cylinder head mounted onto the engine block, a cylinder head gasket disposed between the engine block and the cylinder head, a piston disposed in a cylinder formed in the engine block and a cylindrical ring arranged in a recessed area between the piston and a cylinder area around the top land of the piston in the top dead center position of the piston, the cylindrical ring is formed as part of the cylinder head gasket.

Abstract: In a water-cooled internal combustion engine with a cooling water path extending from a supply passage at one side of the engine through cooling water spaces around the engine cylinders to the cylinder head and back to a cooling water return channel at the other side of the engine, a separate annular cooling water channel extends around each cylinder adjacent the combustion chamber and this annular cooling channel is supplied by cooling water in a flow path parallel to the flow path through the cylinder head so as to provide for adequate cooling of the cylinders adjacent the combustion chambers.