Abstract: An external magnetic field-coupled plasma atomic layer deposition device of the disclosure includes: a chamber with a stage inside which a substrate is placed; a plasma generation unit that generates plasma in the chamber by forming an electric field; and a magnetic field forming unit provided outside the chamber, which forms a magnetic field to form a density of plasma inside the chamber at a high density.

Abstract: A battery safety apparatus includes a first switch of which one end is electrically connected to a battery and in which an open-closed state is determined depending on temperature; and a second switch electrically connected to the first switch in parallel and in which an open-closed state is determined depending on temperature, and an open-closed state threshold temperature of the first switch is different from an open-closed state threshold temperature of the second switch.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and a method for one-time password (OTP)-based authentication. The system for OTP-based authentication includes a transceiver module configured to receive an authentication request from a client and transmit a result of the authentication according to the authentication request to the client, an authentication accumulation management module configured to provide statistical information about authentication success of the client for each time interval within a predetermined effective range of time, an OTP generation module configured to generate a server-side OTP using previously stored authentication information and time information that is acquired from the statistical information about authentication success, and an authentication module configured to authenticate the client by comparing a client-side OTP included in the authentication request with the server-side OTP.

Abstract: Disclosed are a system and a method for one-time password (OTP)-based authentication. The system for OTP-based authentication includes a transceiver module configured to receive an authentication request from a client and transmit a result of the authentication according to the authentication request to the client, an authentication accumulation management module configured to provide statistical information about authentication success of the client for each time interval within a predetermined effective range of time, an OTP generation module configured to generate a server-side OTP using previously stored authentication information and time information that is acquired from the statistical information about authentication success, and an authentication module configured to authenticate the client by comparing a client-side OTP included in the authentication request with the server-side OTP.

Abstract: Provided are an apparatus and a method for battery balancing, and more particularly, an apparatus and a method for battery balancing capable of implementing balancing between batteries which are connected in parallel by controlling a power relay assembly.