Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for increasing depth sharpness and improving the resolving power of magnifying systems, particularly microscopes. An image-forming layer is inserted between the primary and secondary magnifiers of a composite magnifying system, in the optical path, after the object, in the image plane of the primary magnifier. The image-forming layer is comprised of independent particles dispersed in a medium, the index of refraction of which differs from that of said particles. The image-forming layer is disposed in the image plane, whereby the images coincide with the object plane of the secondary magnifier.

Abstract: Electrode arrangement with liquid-metal electrode of controllable surface, comprising a liquid-metal reservoir, a capillary connected thereto through a controllable valve and contact means being in electric contact with the liquid-metal in the capillary. According to the invention at least one section of the capillary is formed within a metal body not reacting chemically with the liquid-metal, said metal body constituting the contact means. Preferably, the metal body is formed so that an elastic closing element of the valve fits to a surface of the metal body surrounding an opening of the capillary section formed therein.

Abstract: The invention relates to an apparatus for increasing depth sharpness and improving the resolving power of magnifying systems, particularly microscopes. An image-forming layer is inserted between the primary and secondary magnifiers of a composite magnifying system, in the optical path, after the object, in the image plane of the primary magnifier. The image-forming layer is comprised of independent particles dispersed in a medium, the index of refraction of which differs from that of said particles. The image-forming layer is disposed in the image plane, whereby the images coincide with the object plane of the secondary magnifier.

Abstract: In a method and an apparatus for performing routine analyses such as polarographic or spectrophotometric analysis on a large set of sample solutions filled into separate sample cups being arranged on or shaped in a sample cup holder (101) along a moving path, wherein the samples are in consecutive cycles sucked out of the sample cup (102) by a suction tube (103) and transferred into a common vessel, wherein the analysis will be performed. The vessel (105) has a lower outlet (107) communicating with an analyzer cell (112) or the ambient space over a channel (116) which is only effective if the sample level in the vessel (105) exceeds a certain threshold level, and an aspirating mouth (108) in the upper part of the vessel (105) communicating over a valve (109) with the ambient space. The suction tube (103) has a fixed end coupled to the inlet (106) of the vessel (105) and a free end can be moved into two different working positions.

Abstract: A molecule selective sensor having two permeable membranes in contacting relationship with each other, one membrane being a protein membrane found in nature, as for example, hog intestine membrane, air bladder of fish, epidermal section of mammals and reptiles, etc. and the other membrane being the reaction product of acrylamide, polyvinylalcohol, an enzyme, bovine albumin and glutaric aldehyde.

Abstract: A molecule selective sensor has an enzymatically active membrane which is prepared by reacting an enzyme with glutaric aldehyde on the surface of a protein membrane found in nature. Exemplary is the reaction of glucoseoxidase with glutaric aldehyde on the surface of hog intestine membrane.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process of and equipment for a selective, quick and accurate analysis of liquid samples. According to the process of the invention a liquid or a gas sample absorbed by a liquid is allowed to flow at a constant volume rate and overtitrated with an amount of a reagent adequate to the measurement in a definite time. Then the flow of the reagent is decreased to zero in a definite time, meanwhile continuously following, in a known way, the changes occurring in the reaction mixture. The determination of the concentration is carried out by comparing the time elapsed between the appearances of the two chemical equivalence points with calibration curves prepared with standard solutions, said time having a well defined functional relationship with the concentration of the sample.