Abstract: Methods and systems for transmitting uplink control information and feedback are disclosed for carrier aggregation systems. A user equipment device may be configured to transmit uplink control information and other feedback for several downlink component carriers using one or more uplink component carriers. The user equipment device may be configured to transmit such data using a physical uplink control channel rather than a physical uplink shared channel. The user equipment device may be configured to determine the uplink control information and feedback data that is to be transmitted, the physical uplink control channel resources to be used to transmit the uplink control information and feedback data, and how the uplink control information and feedback data may be transmitted over the physical uplink control channel.

Abstract: Physical layer processing and procedures for device-to-device (D2D) discovery signal generation and transmission and scheduling of D2D discovery signals are described. Detection and measurement of a D2D discovery signal, D2D signal identity management, and monitoring by a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) of PDCCH for D2D discovery scheduling is described, as is a WTRU that may be configured with a D2D-specific transmission/reception opportunity pattern. The discovery signal may carry a payload for explicit information about user and/or service identity, and may be mapped to physical resources in such a way as to decouple transmission/reception of the discovery signal from downlink operations. A WTRU may measure a D2D discovery signal quality and report to the network.

Abstract: A system and methods for beam failure recovery and management for multi-carrier communications with beamforming are disclosed herein. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may monitor for and detect a beam failure of a beam associated with a secondary cell (Scell). The WTRU may select an Scell candidate beam. The WTRU may transmit using a selected uplink (UL) resource in a primary cell (SpCell) a medium access control (MAC) control element (CE) including an indication of Scell beam failure and identifying the selected candidate beam. The WTRU may receive an Scell beam failure indication response on the SpCell indicating an SCell index and a downlink (DL) quasi co-location (QCL) reference associated with the Scell. The WTRU may verify that the DL QCL reference matches with the candidate beam. The WTRU may perform random access on the SCell using the selected QCL reference and the selected candidate beam.

Abstract: A wireless transmit receive unit (WTRU) may be configured to monitor physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) candidates of a primary cell (PCell) and a secondary cell (SCell). The WTRU may be configured to determine a time duration for PDCCH candidate budgets for a set of symbols based on a subcarrier spacing associated with the PCell and a subcarrier spacing associated with the SCell. The WTRU may be configured to determine a maximum number of PDCCH candidates to allocate to a search space monitoring occasion of the PCell and the SCell. The maximum number of PDCCH candidates may be based on a per-cell ratio. The WTRU may be configured to allocate PDCCH candidates for the search space monitoring occasion of the PCell and the search space monitoring occasion of the SCell based on the determined maximum number of PDCCH candidates. The WTRU may be configured to decode an allocated PDCCH candidate.

Abstract: Systems and methods are disclosed for a WTRU to operate using multiple schedulers. The WTRU may exchange data with the network over more than one data path, such that each data path may use a radio interface connected to a different network node and each node may be associated with an independent scheduler. For example, a WTRU may establish a RRC connection between the WTRU and a network. The RRC connection may establish a first radio interface between the WTRU and a first serving site of the network and a second radio interface between the WTRU and a second serving site of the network. The RRC connection may be established between the WTRU and the MeNB and a control function may be established between the WTRU and the SCeNB. The WTRU may receive data from the network over the first radio interface or the second radio interface.

Abstract: Logical channel (LCH) may be multiplexed together based on one or more latency requirements. Mapping of LCH(s) to spectrum operating mode(s) (SOM(s)) may be based on SOM capability and/or LCH requirements. A WTRU may determine mapping based on one or more pre-defined rules. The mapping may be based on one or more requirements for the various type of traffic and/or SOM capabilities. A radio bearer may be mapped to one or more SOMs. The WTRU may be configured with a set of SOMs, for one or more, or each, radio bearer. The WTRU may dynamically determine, for example based on radio conditions, buffer status and/or other parameters, the SOM to use. Incompatible multiplexing of LCH may be reduced and/or avoided, perhaps based on using one or more transport blocks (TBs) mapped to the same physical layer (PHY). Traffic may be prioritized based on one or more latency requirements.

Abstract: A WTRU may receive downlink control information (DCI) indicating a start of a frame. The DCI may be received on a control channel, such as the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) from an eNB, base station, AP, or other infrastructure equipment operating in a wireless communications system. The WTRU may decode the DCI and may determine a transmit time interval (TTI) duration, which may be expressed in terms of an integer number of basic time intervals (BTIs). The WTRU may determine a downlink (DL) transmission portion and assignment and an uplink (UL) transmission portion and UL grant based on the received DCI. Additionally, the WTRU may determine the start of the UL portion based on an offset (toffset). The WTRU may receive data in a DL portion of the frame and may transmit in an UL portion of the frame based on the determined UL grant and TTI duration.

Abstract: Light and/or Inactive state connectivity and/or autonomous mobility techniques are contemplated. A WTRU may, for example, have an inactive/idle mode, a light connected/loosely connected/Inactive mode and/or a connected/fully connected/Active mode. A WTRU in light connected mode may have a WTRU context stored in a RAN. A WTRU may perform an area monitoring procedure while in light connected state. A WTRU may engage in autonomous mobility during light connectivity. A WTRU may move within a logical area (e.g., a RAN paging area), perhaps without notifying the network. The WTRU may provide notice when it has moved outside a logical area (e.g., update RAN paging area). Mobility in light connected state may be network controlled (e.g., to enable handover when data transfer may be allowed and/or ongoing). A WTRU may be reachable during a light connectivity state. A WTRU may engage in autonomous mobility during light connectivity and/or an Inactive state.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for reliable control signaling, for example, in New Radio (NR). A receiver in a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive one or more physical downlink control channel (PDCCH) transmissions comprising downlink control information (DCI). The WTRU may determine a transmission profile associated with an uplink control information (UCI). Based on the transmission profile, the WTRU may determine one or more transmission characteristics associated with the transmission of the UCI. The WTRU may transmit the UCI over a physical uplink control channel (PUCCH). The UCI may be transmitted using transmission characteristics determined by the WTRU. The WTRU may transmit the UCI based on at least one of a control resource set (CORESET), a search space, or a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI). The WTRU may determine a transmission profile differently based on what the UCI may comprise.

Abstract: A method performed by a WTRU may comprise associating a logical channel with a plurality of token buckets, including at least a long term token bucket and a short term token bucket. The method may further comprise transmitting logical channel data on the associated logical channel, in a TTI. The transmitted logical channel data of the TTI may be no larger than a value corresponding to a minimum of the long term token bucket and the short term token bucket. The long term token bucket may be initialized to a value which is greater than an initialized value of the short term token bucket. When the WTRU transmits logical channel data in a TTI, the WTRU may decrement the long term token bucket and the short term token bucket by a total size of one or more MAC SDUs served on the associated logical channel.

Abstract: Extended Reality (XR) applications may require high throughput and very low latency. New Radio (NR) Wireless receiver/transmitter units (WTRUs) running XR applications (XR-WTRUs) may be confronted with link failures when these applications are used in dense urban or indoor environments because of these devices operating in the millimeter band. Methods and devices are provided therefore for performing cell selection and beam management proactively to avoid link failure due to objects being in line of sight between the XR-WTRU and a network node with which it has established a connection. XR-WTRUs may therefore perform visual sensing that may enable visualizing current and future radio environment and using this information to prevent link failures by handing the XR-WTRU over to an alternative network node in line of sight of the XR-WTRU before the XR-WTRU is no longer in line of sight of the network node with which it has established a connection.

Abstract: Maintaining time alignment with multiple carriers is contemplated. A group of uplink carriers (UL CC sets) that operate with a single Timing Advance (TA) may be determined, and a TA value may be applied to a specific UL CC set. A wireless transmit/receive unit's (WTRU) capability of using multiple TAs may define a group index of a few bits for each UL CC set. A TA Command received in a Random Access Response message may be used to apply the TA value to each UL carrier of the UL CC set. The WTRU may determine which UL CC set the TA value applies to based on which DL carrier the command was transmitted from. The WTRU may determine which UL CC set the TA value applies to based on the Group Index being explicitly provided in the command. The WTRU may release multi-CC configurations upon Time Alignment Timer (TAT) expiry.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are disclosed for downlink resource allocation associated with a shared frequency band. A WTRU may receive resource allocation information associated with a component carrier and at least one carrier segment. The component carrier and the least one carrier segment may each comprise a plurality of resource block groups (RBG). At least two bitmaps may be associated with the resource allocation information. A size of a resource block group (RBG) of the component carrier and the at least one carrier segment may be based on a combined number of resource blocks (RB) of the component carrier and the one or more carrier segments divided by a 3GPP Rel-8/Rel-10 RBG size of the component carrier. The WTRU may determine at least one RBG allocated to the WTRU using the resource allocation information and may receive and decode the at least one RBG allocated to the WTRU.

Abstract: A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) may receive one or more physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH) transmissions and each PDSCH transmission may be associated with downlink control information (DCI) and a group of PDSCH transmissions. Further, the WTRU may determine a first group or a second group based on an indication received in DCI associated with at least one of the PDSCH transmissions. Then, the WTRU may generate hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ)-acknowledgment (ACK) feedback for data received in one or more PDSCH transmissions associated with the determined group. Moreover, the WTRU may transmit the HARQ-ACK feedback. In an example, the DCI which includes the indication may schedule a plurality of PDSCH transmissions included in the determined group. In another example, the DCI which includes the indication may further include a first codepoint mapped to the first group or a second codepoint mapped to the second group.

Abstract: Methods and apparatus for power saving in a wireless network are disclosed. A Wireless Transmit/Receive Unit (WTRU) may comprise a transmitter, a receiver, and a processor. The processor may determine a processing state pertaining to behavior of the WTRU and determine a minimum amount of resources to be processed for one or more sets of physical resources based on the determined processing state. Each respective set of physical resources may comprise resources in time, and any of frequency or space. For each respective set of physical resources, the time may comprise a frame structure associated with a numerology applicable to the respective set of physical resources, the frequency may comprise any of a frequency location, a bandwidth, or the numerology, and the space may comprise one or more beams. The processor may process the determined minimum amount of resources of the one of more sets of physical resources.

Abstract: Procedures, methods, architectures, apparatuses, systems, devices, and computer program products are disclosed that may be implemented in wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU). In one representative method, the WTRU may determine a processing time value and/or type from among a plurality of processing time values and/or types and the method may include sending, by the WTRU to a network entity, a first message indicating the determined processing time value and/or type and receiving a second message indicating a confirmation of the determined processing time value and/or type. The method further may include applying, after receiving the confirmation of the determined processing time value type, the determined processing time value and/or type to processing of a target associated with the determined processing time value and/or type.

Abstract: A WTRU may receive downlink control information (DCI) indicating a start of a frame. The DCI may be received on a control channel, such as the Physical Downlink Control Channel (PDCCH) from an eNB, base station, AP, or other infrastructure equipment operating in a wireless communications system. The WTRU may decode the DCI and may determine a transmit time interval (TTI) duration, which may be expressed in terms of an integer number of basic time intervals (BTIs). The WTRU may determine a downlink (DL) transmission portion and assignment and an uplink (UL) transmission portion and UL grant based on the received DCI. Additionally, the WTRU may determine the start of the UL portion based on an offset (toffset). The WTRU may receive data in a DL portion of the frame and may transmit in an UL portion of the frame based on the determined UL grant and TTI duration.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and devices for transferring data with different reliabilities. A wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) is configured with a first modulation and coding set (MCS) table and a second MCS table. The WTRU monitors for a radio network temporary identifier (RNTI). If the WTRU detects a first value for the RNTI, data is transferred with a first reliability. If the WTRU detects a second value for the RNTI, data is transferred with a second reliability.

Abstract: Apparatuses and methods of flow-based processing is wireless systems are described. For example, in one method, a WTRU may determine that one or more data units correspond to a flow of such data units. The WTRU may perform such determination as a function of one or more matching rule(s). Flow-based processing may be enabled in the layer 2/layer 1 chain by per-packet determination using one or more rules, for example by routing through the applicable processing functions and/or using the applicable configuration and/or mapping to the applicable uplink physical layer functions and/or resources. One or more functions such as scheduling request, buffer status reporting, HARQ processing, and/or radio link failure and recovery may be controlled based on the policy associated with the flow corresponding to the data being processed.

Abstract: Systems, methods, and instrumentalities are described for handling positioning reference signals in a wireless communication system. The positioning reference signals may be assigned priorities that may be used to facilitate various operations of a wireless transmit/receive unit (WTRU) such as positioning related services, collision avoidance, measurement and reporting, etc. The WTRU may be configured with multiple muting patterns associated with the positioning reference signals and may switch between different muting patterns based on the priorities of the positioning reference signals and/or other downlink (DL) or uplink (UL) transmissions that may overlap or collide with the positioning reference signals.