Abstract: A light detection and ranging (LiDAR) device and a method of measuring a distance are provided. The LiDAR device includes: a light transmitter configured to transmit light to an object; a light receiver that includes a plurality of sub-light receiving regions that are included in one light receiving region corresponding to one pixel, each of the plurality of sub-light receiving regions including a light detection element configured to receive the light reflected from the object; and a processor configured to determine a time of flight (ToF) of the light that is transmitted to and then reflected from the object by varying a time window according to a measurement condition.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a scheduling apparatus and method. The scheduling apparatus includes a network topology configuration unit and a scheduling unit. The network topology configuration unit configures a network topology that connects nodes to which rank values have been allocated based on a sink node. The scheduling unit schedules data transmission over an uplink and a downlink in a first region and a second region defined in each slot frame based on the rank values obtained based on the sink node. The first region and the second region have different time offsets within the slot frame.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a scheduling apparatus and method. The scheduling apparatus includes a network topology configuration unit and a scheduling unit. The network topology configuration unit configures a network topology that connects nodes to which rank values have been allocated based on a sink node. The scheduling unit schedules data transmission over an uplink and a downlink in a first region and a second region defined in each slot frame based on the rank values obtained based on the sink node. The first region and the second region have different time offsets within the slot frame.

Abstract: Disclosed herein are a destination oriented directed acyclic graph (DODAG) structure-based backpressure routing apparatus and method for multi-hop communication in a network including a plurality of nodes. The DODAG structure-based backpressure routing apparatus includes: means for selecting at least one of adjacent nodes of each node as a head node group based on a rank value allocated to the each node; and M means for, when a message reaches a certain node, selecting one node, directed to a direction of a destination node, from the head node group, and transferring the message to the selected node.