Abstract: A filament assembly can include: a button having a planar emitter region with one or more apertures extending from an emission surface of the planar emitter region to an internal surface opposite of the emission surface; an inlet electrical lead coupled to the button at a first side; an outlet electrical lead coupled to the button at a second side opposite of the first side; and a low work function object positioned adjacent to the internal surface of the planar emitter region and retained to the button. The planar emitter region can include a plurality of apertures. The low work function object can include a porous ceramic material having the barium, and may have a polished external surface. An electron gun can include the filament assembly. An additive manufacturing system can include the electron gun having the filament assembly.

Abstract: A filament assembly can include: a button having a planar emitter region with one or more apertures extending from an emission surface of the planar emitter region to an internal surface opposite of the emission surface; an inlet electrical lead coupled to the button at a first side; an outlet electrical lead coupled to the button at a second side opposite of the first side; and a low work function object positioned adjacent to the internal surface of the planar emitter region and retained to the button. The planar emitter region can include a plurality of apertures. The low work function object can include a porous ceramic material having the barium, and may have a polished external surface. An electron gun can include the filament assembly. An additive manufacturing system can include the electron gun having the filament assembly.

Abstract: In an example, a method to form a low work function insert includes preparing a mixture that includes a first powder that contains barium, a second powder that contains calcium, a third powder that contains at least one of aluminum, samarium, or magnesium, and a fourth powder that contains a refractory metal. The method may also include heating the mixture, contained in a crucible, in a furnace. Oxygen concentration in the furnace may be maintained at a low partial pressure during heating of the mixture in the furnace. The low work function of the insert allows electrons to be readily extracted from its surface.

Abstract: A lost communications link recovery method for a remotely-operated robot comprising the following steps: monitoring command and control (C2) signals transmitted over a wireless network from an operator control unit (OCU) to the robot; storing the C2 signals in a sliding window buffer; monitoring the wireless network for communication link breaks between the OCU and the robot; and creating, and issuing to the robot, reverse C2 commands based on the stored C2 signals upon detecting a communication link break.

Abstract: A method for operating a weighing apparatus and system contemplates that the system is operated in a ratio of two modes of operation, including a first, non-sampling mode, and a second, sampling mode. Operating in the first mode, wherein verification of a dose weight is not effected, promotes high cycle rates. Operation in the second, sampling mode requires operation at a slower cycle rate, but permits optimization of the accuracy of the overall weighing process. Operation in the two modes of operation, and adjustment of the ratio of the modes of operation, promotes optimization of weighing accuracy and cycle speeds.

Abstract: A method for operating a weighing apparatus and system contemplates that the system is operated in a ratio of two modes of operation, including a first, non-sampling mode, and a second, sampling mode. Operating in the first mode, wherein verification of a dose weight is not effected, promotes high cycle rates. Operation in the second, sampling mode requires operation at a slower cycle rate, but permits optimization of the accuracy of the overall weighing process. Operation in the two modes of operation, and adjustment of the ratio of the modes of operation, promotes optimization of weighing accuracy and cycle speeds.

Abstract: Provided herein are methods for modulating one or more of a T-helper cell or monocyte lineage cell-mediated immune response in a subject, the method comprises administering to the subject an effective amount of a compound which binds to surface membrane immunoglobulin D (smIgD). Also provided are methods of diagnosis of one or more of a T-helper cell or monocyte lineage cell-mediated immune disease, and compositions and kits for use in such methods.

Abstract: A pneumatic radial ply passenger tire (10) having a tread (20), a casing with two sidewalls (14, 16), one or more radial plies (18) extending from and wrapped about two annular beads (13) and a belt reinforcement structure (15) located radially between the tread and the plies. The tread has a first contour-defining curve extending outwards from the equatorial plane of the tire towards the sidewalls, an adjacent second contour-defining curve disposed between the first contour defining curve and the sidewalls and an adjacent third contour defining curve extending outwards from the second contour defining curve and the sidewalls. The first, second and third contour-defining curves have first (R1) and second (R2) and third (R3) radii chosen such that R2>R1>R3.

Abstract: A method of forming a tire includes a) forming a carcass, the carcass comprising at least one carcass reinforcing ply, a pair of opposing sidewalls, and a pair of bead portions, b) placing a belt structure on the carcass, c) forming a tread stock, d) placing the tread stock on the belt structure, and e) curing the tire in a mold wherein the mold has at least one rib to form a groove on the radially outer surface of the tire. A tube is placed adjacent to or within the tread stock prior to the curing the tire, wherein the tube creates a buried groove in the cured tire. After wear of the tire tread to a preset level, the tube is exposed and opened during further wear to create increased grooving in the tread after the tire has experienced some tire wear.

Abstract: A pneumatic tire tread has tread elements formed by circumferential and/or lateral grooves. At least one tread element has a sipe that devolves from a constant width sipe having a three dimensional aspect in at least a portion of the radially outer portion of the sipe to a wider width groove at the base of the tread feature.

Abstract: A tire with a changing tread pattern is formed by first forming a tire having a tread, the tread having at least one circumferential or lateral groove. A wearable filler, having a configuration corresponding to at least a portion of the circumferential or lateral groove formed in the tire, is located in the radially outer portion of the circumferential or lateral groove or a portion of the circumferential or lateral groove, and secured within the grooves so as to create a groove void radially inward of the wearable filler, the void being exposed upon wear of the tire tread.

Abstract: This invention relates to pneumatic tires having a sidewall which contains at least one internal annular rubber insert. In particular, this invention relates to pneumatic tires which rely upon internal pneumatic air pressure and to pneumatic tires which conventionally rely upon internal pneumatic air pressure but which have a capability of running for extended distances without any significant internal air pressure, namely ambient atmospheric air pressure, depending somewhat upon the positioning and configuration of the sidewall insert. At least one of said rubber sidewall inserts is composed of two segments, namely a radially inner rubber segment and a radially outer rubber segment. The inner rubber segment and outer rubber segment have significantly different modulus and hardness physical properties. A portion of the segments overlap each other.

Abstract: This invention relates to a tire having an electrically non-conductive tread which contains an electrically conductive rubber strip which extends through at least a portion of the tread to its running surface in a wave configured shape, and therefore not a continuous straight line within said tread, in which at least a portion of the rubber strip is in a shape of, for example, a substantially sinusoidal, cycloidal and/or zigzag form, to thereby provide a mechanical self-locking configuration between tread segments through which the rubber strip extends and divides. In particular, said tread is composed of a cap/base configuration. The outer cap layer is of a relatively electrically non-conductive rubber composition having a running surface intended to be ground-contacting. The tread base layer, underlying the tread cap layer, is of a relatively electrically conductive rubber composition and is not normally intended to be ground-contacting.