Abstract: A process for the refining of crude oil, comprising a separation unit of the crude oil, consisting of at least one atmospheric distillation unit for separating the various fractions, a unit for the conversion of the heavy fractions obtained, a unit for improving the quality of some of the fractions obtained by actions on the chemical composition of their constituents, and units for the removal of undesired components, characterized in that the heaviest fraction, the atmospheric distillation residue, is sent to the conversion unit comprising a hydroconversion reactor in slurry phase or of the ebullated bed type, into which hydrogen or a mixture of hydrogen and ¾S is introduced in the presence of a suitable nanodispersed hydrogenation catalyst.

Abstract: Catalytic system which can be used in processes for the hydroconversion of heavy oils by means of hydrotreatment in slurry phase, characterized in that it comprises: a catalyst, having the function of hydrogenating agent, containing MoS2 or WS2 or mixtures thereof in lamellar form or an oil-soluble precursor thereof; a co-catalyst, having nanometric or micronic particle-sizes, selected from cracking and/or denitrogenation catalysts. The co-catalyst preferably consists of zeolites having small-sized crystals and with a low aggregation degree between the primary particles, and/or oxides or sulfides or precursors of sulfides of Ni and/or Co in a mixture with Mo and/or W.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of algal biomass with a high lipid content, comprising: (a) the production of inocula in order to effect phase (b), in photoreactors; (b) the massive cultivation of the algal biomass in open ponds, inoculated with phase (a); (c) a thickening phase of the algal biomass, effected blandly; (d) an induction phase of the lipid production, wherein modules are used consisting of photoreactors or open ponds; (e) a separation phase of the biomass with a high lipid content.

Abstract: Process for the hydroconversion of heavy oils, selected from crude oils, heavy crude oils, bitumens from tar sands, distillation residues, distillation heavy cuts, distillation deasphalted residues, vegetable oils, oils from coal and oil shale, oils from the thermodecomposition of waste material, polymers, biomasses, comprising sending the heavy oil to a hydroconversion area, effected in one or more ebullated bed reactors, wherein hydrogen is introduced, in the presence of a suitable heterogeneous, supported, hydroconversion catalyst, in addition to a suitable hydrogenation catalyst, nano-dispersed in said heavy oil, and sending the stream coming from the hydroconversion area to a separation area, in which the separated liquid fraction, containing the nano-dispersed catalyst, is recycled to the ebullated bed reactor(s).

Abstract: The cultivation of heterotrophic and phototrophic micro-organisms is integrated for the production of bio-oil for biofuels, wherein the overall algal suspension produced is first thickened, with recirculation of the excess water to cultivation containers, and then thermally treated at a high temperature. After cooling, a bio-oil phase is recovered together with a suspension rich in soluble carbohydrates and proteins which forms a nutritional/energy source for heterotrophic micro-organisms.

Abstract: The cultivation of heterotrophic and phototrophic micro-organisms is integrated for the production of bio-oil for biofuels, wherein the overall algal suspension produced is first thickened, with recirculation of the excess water to cultivation containers, and then thermally treated at a high temperature. After cooling, a bio-oil phase is recovered together with a suspension rich in soluble carbohydrates and proteins which forms a nutritional/energy source for heterotrophic micro-organisms.

Abstract: The invention relates to a hydrocarbon composition which can be used as fuel and/or combustible, obtained by means of a process which comprises subjecting a gasoil component, a gasoline component and a component of biological origin to hydrotreatment.

Abstract: Process for the cultivation of micro-algae comprising the planting of an algal strain in an aqueous environment and the growth process, under solar irradiation, by continuously feeding a gaseous stream essentially consisting of carbon dioxide and a stream of nutrients based on nitrogen, consisting of wastewater from industrial plants, coming from secondary treatment processes.

Abstract: Catalytic system which can be used in processes for the hydroconversion of heavy oils by means of hydrotreatment in slurry phase, characterized in that it comprises: a catalyst, having the function of hydrogenating agent, containing MoS2 or WS2 or mixtures thereof in lamellar form or an oil-soluble precursor thereof; a co-catalyst, having nanometric or micronic particle-sizes, selected from cracking and/or denitrogenation catalysts. The co-catalyst preferably consists of zeolites having small-sized crystals and with a low aggregation degree between the primary particles, and/or oxides or sulfides or precursors of sulfides of Ni and/or Co in a mixture with Mo and/or W.

Abstract: The present invention relates to an integrated fluid catalytic cracking process (FCC) which allows hydrocarbon blends to be obtained having a high quality as fuel. In particular, it relates to an integrated process comprising a fluid catalytic cracking step wherein hydrocarbon cuts of an oil origin are converted into blends with a high content of light cycle oil (LCO) having a high quality in terms of density and nature of the aromatic products contained, which, after a separation and a hydrotreating step, is subjected to upgrading by treatment with hydrogen and a catalyst comprising one or more metals selected from Pt, Pd, Ir, Ru, Rh and Re and a silicoaluminate of an acidic nature.

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the production of algal biomass with a high lipid content, comprising: (a) the production of inocula in order to effect phase (b), in photoreactors; (b) the massive cultivation of the algal biomass in open ponds, inoculated with phase (a); (c) a thickening phase of the algal biomass, effected blandly; (d) an induction phase of the lipid production, wherein modules are used consisting of photoreactors or open ponds; (e) a separation phase of the biomass with a high lipid content.

Abstract: Process for the hydroconversion of heavy oils, selected from crude oils, heavy crude oils, bitumens from tar sands, distillation residues, distillation heavy cuts, distillation deasphalted residues, vegetable oils, oils from coal and oil shale, oils from the thermodecomposition of waste material, polymers, biomasses, comprising sending the heavy oil to a hydroconversion area, effected in one or more ebullated bed reactors, wherein hydrogen is introduced, in the presence of a suitable heterogeneous, supported, hydroconversion catalyst, in addition to a suitable hydrogenation catalyst, nano-dispersed in said heavy oil, and sending the stream coming from the hydroconversion area to a separation area, in which the separated liquid fraction, containing the nano-dispersed catalyst, is recycled to the ebullated bed reactor(s).

Abstract: Process for the cultivation of micro-algae comprising the planting of an algal strain in an aqueous environment and the growth process, under solar irradiation, by continuously feeding a gaseous stream essentially consisting of carbon dioxide and a stream of nutrients based on nitrogen, consisting of wastewater from industrial plants, coming from secondary treatment processes.