Abstract: Basket to manipulate scrap in cooperation with an arc furnace (11) and with means to pre-heat the scrap by means of the fumes from the fourth hole (14), the basket being able to be associated with a movable covering system (16) and including a containing body, a bottom equipped with toothed lower closing means which may be momentarily opened, and lateral extensions for moving and positioning the basket, the containing body comprising a first upper part (10a) which acts as a buffer store to temporally increase the capacity of the basket (10) and a second lower part (10b) to contain the scrap, with a capacity substantially mating with the volume of the load of the melting furnace (110) which it has to feed, wherein the second lower part (10b) is associated with cooling means.

Abstract: System to load pre-heated scrap by means of baskets for electric arc furnace, the furnace including a movable roof (28), at least one basket (15) loaded with scrap being arranged in a lateral position near the furnace, the basket (15) being associated with a movable covering system (18), there being included at least a pipe (20) connecting the fourth hole of the furnace with the inside of the basket (15) to convey the fumes leaving the furnace (12) with the function of pre-heating the scrap, the pipe (20) being associated with the covering system (18) and able to be moved therewith, the basket (15) being associated with moving means (16a).

Abstract: Method to load scrap for electric arc furnace including at least a roof (13) associated with movable moving means (17) cooperating with second movable moving means (24), the roof (13) including at least a hole (15) to discharge the fumes (16), the scrap (22) being contained in baskets (21), there being included at least a system to process the fumes (32) connected with the chimney, the full basket (21) including at least a first position (21a) to pre-heat the scrap arranged at the side of and in proximity to the furnace (10) and a second position (21b) to unload the scrap arranged in cooperation with the mouth of the furnace (10), the movable moving means (24) of the basket (21) and the movable moving means (17) of the roof (13) being functionally associated at least momentarily, the basket (21) containing the scrap being installed in a removable manner on the second movable moving means (24) and being associated at least temporally with a covering system (29), which can be translated from a closed position t

Abstract: Crystalliser and method to control the deformations of the sidewalls of a crystalliser (11) for the continuous casting of billets/blooms/slabs (24), which is associated with a mould (10) and cooperates externally with a box-shaped structure (13) creating a cooling chamber (14), in which a cooling fluid circulates, and cooperates internally with the skin of the billets/blooms/slabs (24) being formed, the cooling chamber (14) containing an intermediate wall (20) creating a circulation channel (21) in cooperation with the outer surface of the sidewall (12) of the crystalliser (11), at least one upper zone (37) being included in cooperation at least with the vicinity of the meniscus and with the portion below the meniscus (27) of liquid metal, a lower zone (38) being also included and beginning in the vicinity of the zone of separation of the forming skin from the inner surface of the sidewall (12) of the crystalliser (11) and extending towards the outlet of the crystalliser (11), the pressure of the cooling flui

Abstract: The crystalliser (11) cooperates externally with a box-shaped structure (13) creating cooling chambers (14), in which a cooling fluid circulates, and cooperates internally with the skin of the billets, blooms or slabs (24) being formed. The cooling chambers (14) containing intermediate walls (20) create circulation channels (21) in cooperation with the outer surfaces (12) of the sidewalls of the crystalliser (11), at least one upper zone (34) being included in cooperation at least with the vicinity of the meniscus and with the portion below the meniscus (33) of liquid metal, a lower zone (26) being also included and beginning in the vicinity of the zone of separation of the forming skin from the inner surfaces (12) of the crystalliser (11) and extending towards the outlet of the crystalliser (11). By acting on the cross-section and/or conformation of at least one longitudinal portion of at least one side of the cross-section of the circulation channels (21), e.g.

Abstract: Furnace with refractory longitudinal members and with central charging for heating and storing hot products, whereby the central charge arrives from a continuous casting plant or from previous hot processes, the furnace (10) comprising a first furnace portion (10a) for the introduction of a cold charge (12) and for storage and also a second furnace portion (10b) for discharge of the heated charge (15), the first (10a) and second (10b) furnace portions comprising stationary longitudinal members (23) and movable longitudinal members (24), the central charging taking place between the first (10a) and second (10b) furnace portions, a central intake and guide channel (22) being defined as a furnace bed by the plurality of stationary longitudinal members (23) cooperating with the respective plurality of movable longitudinal members (24a-24b) of the first (10a) and second (10b) furnace portions, the movable longitudinal members (24a-24b) in their raised position substantially facing each other, the width of the cent

Abstract: Method to obtain simultaneously in the cold state a plurality of sections and/or bars (14), starting with a hot-rolled single multiple-section element (10) which is then cooled (12), the sections and/or bars (14) being deemed to be small sections and/or bars (14) in relation to the typical dimensional category of the specific rolling mill (11), the single multiple-section element (10) comprising a plurality of sections and/or bars (14) which have a symmetrical, asymmetric or special cross-section, a web (23) possibly being included between one section and/or bar (14) and another, the hot-rolled single multiple-section element (10) being cooled (12) in line with the rolling mill (11) and then undergoing, without a break of continuity, an operation in the cold state of simultaneous lengthwise splitting (13) to separate the individual small sections and/or bars (14). The single multiple-section element and the resulting individual sections are also protected.

Abstract: The plant (10) includes a temperature-equalization furnace (16) and an inlet shears (12) and an outlet shears (17) positioned respectively at the inlet and outlet of the furnace. The furnace is equipped with inlet and outlet doors, and cooled rollers connected to a motor for driving them in an oscillatory motion. In a method of continuous strip rolling using such a plant, in the event of an obstacle in a rolling train (18), the part of slab (20) not yet rolled is sheared by the outlet shears, returned to the furnace and kept there until the obstacle has been removed. During retention in the furnace, the slab is kept in a to-and-fro movement by means of oscillatory rotation of the cooled rollers.

Abstract: Rolling stand which can be converted into a four-high stand or universal stand, comprising two coordinated pairs of roll standards (13) mounted on a base plate (11), said roll standards being able to support a universal stand roll assembly (24) or a four-high stand roll assembly (25), said roll standards being longitudinaly movable and able to be reciprocally positioned at least in their working position on said base plate (11), each pair of roll standards permanently bearing two main standardized housings (14) together with their associated devices (15) for adjusting the distance between the centers of the rolls, said devices (15) cooperating with supports (16) comprised in said roll standards (13), said main housings (14) supporting horizontal axis rolls (35), either the vertical axis rolls (28) belonging to an universal stand roll assembly (24) or the horizontal axis rolls (36) of a four-high roll assembly (25) being located within the interspace comprised between two main housings (14) of each pair of rol

Abstract: Integrated plant (10) to convert a metallic charge continuously into semi-finished products such as billets, blooms, slabs, bars or ingots, which comprises in close cooperation a chamber (14) to pre-heat a controlled metallic charge, the chamber (14) including a burner (15) and a terminal feeder (16) feeding an electric furnace (17) with a controlled flow, and comprises also the electric furnace (17), a continuously functioning transformer (26), a multifunction manipulator (20) with two independent arms able to rotate circumferentially and to move vertically to handle two ladles (18) at one and the same time at least between a tapping station of the electric furnace (17) and a casting and tapping station (21), and at least one casting and tapping station (21) served by a tundish feeding liquid metal continuously, a station to refine the liquid metal in the ladle (18) being located between the tapping station of the furnace (17) and the tapping and casting station (21).

Abstract: A direct or indirect extrusion press is disclosed, which includes a container (20) that defines a chamber (19) to hold a billet (11) to be extruded, a ram (12), a die (14), a die holder (41), a base (13) and a shears (15) to shear heels (17) of the billets (11). The die (14) is movable axially to the container (20) or vice versa. The container (20) defines at least two chambers (19) and is movable in a plane perpendicular to the plane on which the axis of the chamber (19) and the die (14) lies. An extrusion plant which includes a press as described above is also disclosed. The extrusion plant includes three stations that perform extrusion (19a), charging (19b) and the cleaning and readying of chambers (19c) respectively, the stations cooperating respectively with the chambers (19).

Abstract: Integrated plant (10) to convert a metallic charge continuously into semi-finished products such as billets, blooms, slabs, bars or ingots, which comprises in close cooperation a chamber (14) to pre-heat a controlled metallic charge, the chamber (14) including a burner (15) and a terminal feeder (16) feeding an electric furnace (17) with a controlled flow, and comprises also the electric furnace (17), a continuously functioning transformer (26), a multifunction manipulator (20) with two independent arms able to rotate circumferentially and to move vertically to handle two ladles (18) at one and the same time at least between a tapping station of the electric furnace (17) and a casting and tapping station (21), and at least one casting and tapping station (21) served by a tundish feeding liquid metal continuously, a station to refine the liquid metal in the ladle (18) being located between the tapping station of the furnace (17) and the tapping and casting station (21).

Abstract: Device to handle ladles in cooperation with the casting zone (45) in continuous casting, casting into ingot moulds or forms or mixed casting, such device providing independent, coaxial arms able to rotate by a continuous 360.degree. rotation and to support the ladle (14), such rotary arms (27) also handling the ladle (14) in a tapping station (43) in cooperation with a smelting furnace (11).