Abstract: A test document associated with a workflow definition is obtained, the test document including an input for an action of the workflow definition and an expected state for the workflow definition based on the input. The input is delivered for the action of a workflow instance, the workflow instance being an instance of the workflow definition executed by a workflow engine, and the action determined based upon a present state of the workflow instance. A next state of the workflow instance is obtained, where the next state is determined by the workflow engine based upon the present state, the action and the input. The next state of the workflow instance is compared to the expected state of the test document.

Abstract: Disclosed are various embodiments for client-side internationalization of network pages. A network page and code that localizes the network page are obtained from a server. The code that localizes the network page is executed in a client and determines a locale associated with the client. One or more internationalized elements are identified in the network page. The internationalized elements are replaced with corresponding localized translations. The network page is rendered for display in the client after the network page has been localized.

Abstract: Frost in a freezer and/or traffic between the freezer and an anteroom is controlled. The frost is controlled by estimating a condition of the anteroom that promotes the frost in the freezer and by opening a door in the doorway in response to the estimated condition in order to supply cold air from the freezer to the anteroom. The traffic between the freezer and the anteroom is controlled by detecting the traffic approaching the doorway and by opening the door in the doorway in response to the detected traffic.

Abstract: Frost in a freezer and/or traffic between the freezer and an anteroom is controlled. The frost is controlled by estimating a condition of the anteroom that promotes the frost in the freezer and by opening a door in the doorway in response to the estimated condition in order to supply cold air from the freezer to the anteroom. The traffic between the freezer and the anteroom is controlled by detecting the traffic approaching the doorway and by opening the door in the doorway in response to the detected traffic.

Abstract: An apparatus and method for controlling a process using a neural network which operates as part of a closed loop control system. The state of the control system is defined by one or more process condition signals and monitored for a predetermined set of controller parameters. The output of the control system is one or more device control signals, used by a control device to alter a process being controlled. The neural network uses normalized values of process condition signals in combination with a predetermined set of controller parameters to produce correction control signals. The correction control signals are then used to the create device control signals. Proper normalization of at least one of the process condition signals using the throttling range set by the controller parameters is necessary. The remaining input signals must be normalized as well, but the method of normalization is not as critical, except to create a common range for all process condition signals input to the neural network.

Abstract: A deadband control assistant, operating as part of a control system, eliminates oscillation of a controlled process output around a desired setpoint. The deadband control defines a deadband range, and steady-state-stabilization-time for the process being controlled. When the process output is within the deadband range and oscillation around the setpoint occurs for the steady-state-stabilization-time, the error is set to zero. The control signal may simultaneously be set, or may settle to a fixed value. The deadband control assistant thus allows the process output to stabilize as close as possible to the desired setpoint. Normal process control may resume once the process output strays outside the deadband range.

Abstract: An add/shed load controller which will add/shed or increase/decrease the electrical usage of a load. A maximum decrease limit may be set for analog loads to insure that comfort is not overly affected due to load usage reductions.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of an HVAC system which includes a direct expansion coil, a condenser, a pre-cool coil, and a control system. The control system includes a controller and sensors. The controller receives signals indicative of air flow through the direct expansion coil from the sensors, compares the received signal to a stored air flow rate, and disables the compressor if the stored air flow rate is equal to or greater than the stored value. The controller is also adapted to vary air flow into an occupied space for small changes in the cooling load. In addition, the controller can artificially load the compressor during periods of small cooling load by restricting flow of a cooling agent between the cooling tower and the condenser, or by directing warm water from the condenser through the pre-coil coil.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of an HVAC system which includes a direct expansion coil, a condenser, a pre-cool coil, and a control system. The control system includes a controller and sensors. The controller receives signals indicative of air flow through the direct expansion coil from the sensors, compares the received signal to a stored air flow rate, and disables the compressor if the stored air flow rate is equal to or greater than the stored value. The controller is also adapted to vary air flow into an occupied space for small changes in the cooling load. In addition, the controller can artificially load the compressor during periods of small cooling load by restricting flow of a cooling agent between the cooling tower and the condenser, or by directing warm water from the condenser through the pre-coil coil.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of an HVAC system which includes a direct expansion coil, a condenser, a pre-cool coil, and a control system. The control system includes a controller and sensors. The controller receives signals indicative of air flow through the direct expansion coil from the sensors, compares the received signal to a stored air flow rate, and disables the compressor if the stored air flow rate is equal to or greater than the stored value. The controller is also adapted to vary air flow into an occupied space for small changes in the cooling load. In addition, the controller can artificially load the compressor during periods of small cooling load by restricting flow of a cooling agent between the cooling tower and the condenser, or by directing warm water from the condenser through the pre-coil coil.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of an HVAC system which includes a direct expansion coil, a condenser, a pre-cool coil, and a control system. The control system includes a controller and sensors. The controller receives signals indicative of air flow through the direct expansion coil from the sensors, compares the received signal to a stored air flow rate, and disables the compressor if the stored air flow rate is equal to or greater than the stored value. The controller is also adapted to vary air flow into an occupied space for small changes in the cooling load. In addition, the controller can artificially load the compressor during periods of small cooling load by restricting flow of a cooling agent between the cooling tower and the condenser, or by directing warm water from the condenser through the pre-coil coil.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of an HVAC system which includes a direct expansion coil, a condenser, a pre-cool coil, and a control system. The control system includes a controller and sensors. The controller receives signals indicative of air flow through the direct expansion coil from the sensors, compares the received signal to a stored air flow rate, and disables the compressor if the stored air flow rate is equal to or greater than the stored value. The controller is also adapted to vary air flow into an occupied space for small changes in the cooling load. In addition, the controller can artificially load the compressor during periods of small cooling load by restricting flow of a cooling agent between the cooling tower and the condenser, or by directing warm water from the condenser through the pre-coil coil.

Abstract: A system for controlling the operation of an HVAC system which includes a direct expansion coil, a condenser, a pre-cool coil, and a control system. The control system includes a controller and sensors. The controller receives signals indicative of air flow through the direct expansion coil from the sensors, compares the received signal to a stored air flow rate, and disables the compressor if the stored air flow rate is equal to or greater than the stored value. The controller is also adapted to vary air flow into an occupied space for small changes in the cooling load. In addition, the controller can artificially load the compressor during periods of small cooling load by restricting flow of a cooling agent between the cooling tower and the condenser, or by directing warm water from the condenser through the pre-coil coil.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for determining the energy transfer across a heat exchanger having an upstream side and a downstream side and mounted within a conduit through which fluid flows, the system including an ultrasonic transmitter for transmitting ultrasonic waves through the conduit on the upstream and downstream sides of the heat exchanger, an ultrasonic receiver for receiving the ultrasonic waves on the upstream and downstream sides of the heat exchanger, the receiver providing signals indicative of the temperature difference between the fluid upstream and downstream of the heat exchanger and the velocity of fluid flow through the conduit and a processor connected to the receiver for determining energy transfer between the heat exchanger and the fluid based upon the signals indicative of the temperature difference and the velocity.

Abstract: A data acquisition system has a plurality of input/output lines any of which may be used to receive either analog or digital signals. Furthermore, some of the input/output lines may be used to provide a voltage output and some of the input/output lines may be used to provide a current output.

Abstract: A system for determining the optimum stop time of an air conditioning system within a building so that energy can be conserved by shutting down the temperature control system an amount of lead time prior to end of occupancy of said building wherein said amount of lead time is arranged to confine space temperature within a comfort range as said space temperature drifts during said amount of lead time, said system including a space temperature sensor for sensing space temperature within the building, an outdoor air temperature sensor for sensing outdoor air temperature external to the building, and a controller connected to the space temperature sensor, the outdoor air temperature sensor and the temperature control system for determining temperature drift rate within the building and for turning off the temperature control system before the end of occupancy of the building by an amount of lead time dependent upon the temperature drift and the outdoor air temperature.

Abstract: A pneumatic subbase for modifying the operation of a pneumatic thermostat is disclosed having a first nozzle to be connected to a source of main pressure, a second nozzle for supplying branch output pressure to the device being controlled, a third nozzle connected through the subbase to the first nozzle for supplying main pressure to a thermostat and a fourth nozzle connected to receive the output from the thermostat, the subbase having a dwell relay therein for providing a dwell in the branch output pressure of the second nozzle as a function of the pressure received from the thermostat at the fourth nozzle.

Abstract: A system is disclosed for reading a code established by a surface acoustic wave device. The system has a first antenna connected to a supply for transmitting a signal, a second antenna for receiving said signal and supplying it to a first transducer on a surface acoustic wave device, the first transducer converting the signal into surface acoustic waves, a second transducer on the surface acoustic wave device for converting the surface acoustic waves to a coded signal, a third antenna for transmitting the coded signal, and a fourth antenna for receiving the coded signal and connected to a receiver for providing an output dependent upon the coded signal. This system is particularly useful for access control systems.

Abstract: An optimized air conditioning control system is disclosed having a source of return air, a first source of outdoor air and a second source of outdoor air, the mixture of the first source of outdoor air and the return air is controlled at a temperature such that the combination of the mixed air and the air from the second source of outdoor air is at a condition dependent upon the zone of a plurality of zones having the greatest demand.

Abstract: A system for cycling loads within a building to save energy is disclosed having a control apparatus for cycling the loads on and off according to a predetermined cycle rate, each load having an on time and off time within a cycle and wherein the control apparatus is responsive to a temperature sensor located within the building for resetting the off time of the load during each cycle.