Abstract: A dryness measurement device includes a pipe arranged in a horizontal direction, a light incident portion, and a detecting portion. The light transmitting portion has a solid shape and the light transmitting portion is arranged in a bottom portion of the pipe so that a first portion where a vertical surface crosses a horizontal plane portion of the light transmitting portion is at the same height as a second portion where the vertical surface crosses the lowest part, or so that the first portion is higher than the second portion as well as so that a portion crossing the horizontal plane portion is in the lowest position on a cross line where a cross section of the pipe including a point where light is incident on the horizontal plane portion crosses an inner surface of the pipe and the light transmitting portion.

Abstract: A dryness fraction measuring device, including a variability quantity measuring portion that measures the amount of variability in intensity of light that has been transmitted, or amount of light that has been absorbed, by moist steam that is the subject of measurement; and a dryness fraction measuring portion that measures the dryness fraction of the moist steam based on a correlation relationship between the dryness fraction and the amount of variability in the optical intensity or in the amount of light absorption.

Abstract: A dryness measurement device includes a pipe arranged in a horizontal direction, a light incident portion and a detecting portion The light transmitting portion has a solid shape and the light transmitting portion is arranged in a bottom portion of the pipe so that a first portion where a vertical surface crosses a horizontal plane portion of the light transmitting portion is at the same height as a second portion where the vertical surface crosses the lowest part, or so that the first portion is higher than the second portion as well as so that a portion crossing the horizontal plane portion is in the lowest position on a cross line where a cross section of the pipe including a point where light is incident on the horizontal plane portion crosses an inner surface of the pipe and the light transmitting portion.

Abstract: A dryness fraction distribution measuring device, includes: a light-emitting body that illuminates a gas/liquid two-phase flow with light; an environment sensor that measures at least one of temperature or pressure in a gas/liquid two-phase flow; a plurality of photodetecting elements that receive respective lights that have traversed moist steam; a relationship storing portion that stores, for each temperature or pressure, a relationship between an intensity of light that has traversed the gas/liquid two-phase flow and a dryness fraction of the gas/liquid two-phase flow; and a dryness fraction identifying portion that identifies a dryness fraction of the gas/liquid two-phase flow for each position corresponding to the plurality of photodetecting elements, based on the relationships between the measured values for the detected light intensities of the lights detected by the respective photodetecting elements and the values for the temperatures and pressures measured by the environment sensor.

Abstract: A flow state controlling device controls, to a specified flow state, fluid of a gas/liquid two-phase flow that flows through a flow path. The flow state controlling device includes a pressure acquiring portion that acquires pressure information relating to pressure of the fluid, a mass velocity acquiring portion that acquires mass velocity information relating to a mass velocity of the fluid, a dryness fraction acquiring portion that acquires dryness fraction information relating to the dryness fraction of the fluid, and a controlling portion that controls, based on the pressure information, the mass velocity information and the dryness fraction information, a pressure controlling device that is able to change a pressure of the fluid, a mass velocity controlling device that is able to change a mass velocity of the fluid, and a heat controlling device that is able to change the latent heat of the fluid.

Abstract: A dryness fraction measuring device, including a variability quantity measuring portion that measures the amount of variability in intensity of light that has been transmitted, or amount of light that has been absorbed, by moist steam that is the subject of measurement; and a dryness fraction measuring portion that measures the dryness fraction of the moist steam based on a correlation relationship between the dryness fraction and the amount of variability in the optical intensity or in the amount of light absorption.

Abstract: A dryness fraction distribution measuring device, includes: a light-emitting body that illuminates a gas/liquid two-phase flow with light; an environment sensor that measures at least one of temperature or pressure in a gas/liquid two-phase flow; a plurality of photodetecting elements that receive respective lights that have traversed moist steam; a relationship storing portion that stores, for each temperature or pressure, a relationship between an intensity of light that has traversed the gas/liquid two-phase flow and a dryness fraction of the gas/liquid two-phase flow; and a dryness fraction identifying portion that identifies a dryness fraction of the gas/liquid two-phase flow for each position corresponding to the plurality of photodetecting elements, based on the relationships between the measured values for the detected light intensities of the lights detected by the respective photodetecting elements and the values for the temperatures and pressures measured by the environment sensor.

Abstract: A flow state controlling device controls, to a specified flow state, fluid of a gas/liquid two-phase flow that flows through a flow path. The flow state controlling device includes a pressure acquiring portion that acquires pressure information relating to pressure of the fluid, a mass velocity acquiring portion that acquires mass velocity information relating to a mass velocity of the fluid, a dryness fraction acquiring portion that acquires dryness fraction information relating to the dryness fraction of the fluid, and a controlling portion that controls, based on the pressure information, the mass velocity information and the dryness fraction information, a pressure controlling device that is able to change a pressure of the fluid, a mass velocity controlling device that is able to change a mass velocity of the fluid, and a heat controlling device that is able to change the latent heat of the fluid.

Abstract: The provision of a dryness fraction measuring device includes a light-emitting body for irradiating moist steam with light of a plurality of wavelengths; a light-receiving element for receiving light of the plurality of wavelengths that has traversed the moist steam; and a dryness fraction calculating device for calculating the dryness fraction of the moist steam based on the received light intensity at each of the plurality of wavelengths.

Abstract: The provision of a dryness fraction measuring device includes a light-emitting body for irradiating moist steam with light of a plurality of wavelengths; a light-receiving element for receiving light of the plurality of wavelengths that has traversed the moist steam; and a dryness fraction calculating device for calculating the dryness fraction of the moist steam based on the received light intensity at each of the plurality of wavelengths.