Abstract: The tire comprises a carcass reinforcement which extends into sidewalls. The tire is also provided with a protection device that protects against external attack. The protection device comprises a plurality of raised elements of height H that are arranged in the circumferential direction. The tire is also constructed such that each raised element is formed of at least two parts which are at least partially disjointed from one another along a separation zone. The separation zone is oriented substantially in the circumferential direction. Each part is able to come into contact with another part of the same raised element when one of the parts comes into contact with an external obstacle.

Abstract: A tire with a radial carcass reinforcement, having a crown reinforcement, itself capped radially by a tread connected to two beads by two sidewalls, having at least two radially superposed layers of elastomeric compounds; a first layer, forming the radially outer part of the tread, has a first elastomeric compound having a modulus G* greater than 1.8 MPa, a second layer of elastomeric compounds radially on the inside of and in contact with the said first layer of elastomeric compound has at least three parts, the axially outer parts having a second elastomeric compound having a maximum value of tan (?), denoted tan (?) max, strictly less than 0.060, and at least a part of the second layer, axially in contact with at least an axially outer part having a third compound with modulus G* greater than 1.2 MPa and at least 5% less than the first elastomeric compound and a maximum value of tan (?), tan (?)max, between 0.060 and 0.120.

Abstract: The tire comprises a carcass reinforcement which extends into sidewalls. The tire is also provided with a protection device that protects against external attack. The protection device comprises a plurality of raised elements of height H that are arranged in the circumferential direction. The tire is also constructed such that each raised element is formed of at least two parts which are at least partially disjointed from one another along a separation zone. The separation zone is oriented substantially in the circumferential direction. Each part is able to come into contact with another part of the same raised element when one of the parts comes into contact with an external obstacle.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tire with a radial carcass reinforcement, the said tire comprising a crown reinforcement itself capped radially by a tread. According to the invention, the metal reinforcing elements of the carcass reinforcement are wrapped cords which, in the test referred to as the permeability test, return a flow rate of less than 20 cm3/min and over the whole of the meridian profile of the tire, the thickness of rubber compound between the interior surface of the tire cavity and a point of a metal reinforcing element of the carcass reinforcement is between 1.0 mm and 3.0 mm.

Abstract: Tire with a radial carcass reinforcement, the tire comprising a crown reinforcement itself capped radially by a tread. The metal reinforcing elements of the carcass reinforcement are non-wrapped cords which, in the test referred to as the permeability test, return a flow rate of less than 20 cm3/min, over at least 50% of the meridian profile of the tire, the thickness of rubber compound between the interior surface of the tire cavity and a point of a metal reinforcing element of the carcass reinforcement being between 1.0 mm and 3.0 mm, the same thickness of rubber compound of two parts of the profile of the tire more or less centered on the orthogonal projection of the shoulder ends of the tire onto the interior surface of the tire being between 2.4 mm and 3.9 mm and the ratio of the thicknesses being greater than 1.10.

Abstract: A tire with a radial carcass reinforcement, having a crown reinforcement, itself capped radially by a tread connected to two beads by two sidewalls, having at least two radially superposed layers of elastomeric compounds; a first layer, forming the radially outer part of the tread, has a first elastomeric compound having a modulus G* greater than 1.8 MPa, a second layer of elastomeric compounds radially on the inside of and in contact with the said first layer of elastomeric compound has at least three parts, the axially outer parts having a second elastomeric compound having a maximum value of tan (?), denoted tan (?) max, strictly less than 0.060, and at least a part of the second layer, axially in contact with at least an axially outer part having a third compound with modulus G* greater than 1.2 MPa and at least 5% less than the first elastomeric compound and a maximum value of tan (?), tan (?)max, between 0.060 and 0.120.

Abstract: A tire with radial carcass reinforcement comprising a crown reinforcement formed of at least two working crown layers, itself radially capped by a tread, the said tread being connected to two beads by two sidewalls, and the crown reinforcement comprising at least one layer of circumferential reinforcing elements. The ratio of the thickness of the crown block at a shoulder end to the thickness of the crown block in the circumferential median plane is greater than 1.20 and the ratio of the distance between the extreme wear surface and the reinforcing elements of the layer of circumferential reinforcing elements in the circumferential median plane to the distance between the extreme wear surface and the reinforcing elements of the layer of circumferential reinforcing elements at the ends of the layer of circumferential reinforcing elements is comprised between 0.95 and 1.05.

Abstract: A tire with radial carcass reinforcement comprising a crown reinforcement formed of at least two working crown layers, itself radially capped by a tread, the said tread being connected to two beads by two sidewalls, and the crown reinforcement comprising at least one layer of circumferential reinforcing elements. The reinforcing elements of the layer of circumferential reinforcing elements are stranded cords exhibiting, between their initial state and their state when extracted from the tire, a reduction greater than 15 GPa and preferably greater than 20 GPa in the maximum tangent modulus.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tire for heavy vehicle of the agricultural or construction type, comprising a carcass reinforcement radially surmounted by a crown reinforcement, itself topped radially by a tread, said tread being joined to two beads by means of two sidewalls. According to the invention, the tire is such that the form ratio H/S is less than 0.75 and the ratio of the width of the tread A to the height of deflection B of the crown is greater than 17.

Abstract: The tread wear on a tire is measured while the tire is mounted on a wheel. Electromagnetic energy is transmitted to an internal space of the tire via a transmission element disposed in a tire tread element. That transmitted energy is detected inside the tire, and an energy variable from the detected electromagnetic radiation is determined which is used to determine a wear variable representative of wear on the tire tread element. A signal transmitter disposed within the internal space sends signals representative of the wear.

Abstract: The invention relates to a tire for heavy vehicle of the agricultural or construction type, comprising a carcass reinforcement radially surmounted by a crown reinforcement, itself topped radially by a tread, said tread being joined to two beads by means of two sidewalls. According to the invention, the tire is such that the form ratio H/S is less than 0.75 and the ratio of the width of the tread A to the height of deflection B of the crown is greater than 17.

Abstract: The present invention concerns a method of measuring the wear on at least one tire (20) mounted on a wheel (10) and comprising tread pattern elements (27, 28), and a tire (20), wheel (10), and a tire/wheel assembly (1) for implementing this method. According to the invention, the wear measurement method includes detecting electromagnetic energy transmitted through a transmission element disposed in at least one tire tread element to an internal space of the tire, the energy detected representative of a wear condition of the tread element or elements (27, 28). A tire (20) according to the invention comprises at least one device for transmitting electromagnetic radiation (50, 60), which device is disposed in at least one of tread element (27, 28) to conduct incident radiation striking the external surface to the tire (20) to the internal space, the transmission devices (50, 60) becoming exposed to the external surface upon a predetermined amount of wear of the tread element (27, 28).