Abstract: The invention concerns a method for preparing (meth)acrylic esters or anhydrides from acrylic acid of formulae (I), where R is H or Me, and R? is alkyl and R? is alkyl or ethyl substituted by dialkylamino whereof the alkyls can form with the nitrogen atom, a 5- or 6-membered heterocycle, capable of bearing one or several alkyl substituents. OII or ?O, or R? is H and R? is alkyl, the alcohol R?—OH being primary or secondary; or (II) wherein R? is H or Me, functioning preferably in the presence of at least one catalyst, wherein is performed a reaction in a reaction R2 with constant equilibrium displacement provided with a first reactor R1 designed for prior dehydration of the reagents to be involved in the reaction.

Abstract: The invention concerns a method for making aqueous solutions of unsaturated quaternary ammonium salts of formula (I) by reacting, in the presence of water, N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate with a quaternizing agent of formula (II): R—Cl, said method is characterized in that it consists in: (a) in a closed reactor containing 5 60 wt. % of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate required for the reaction and which has been pressurized with air or depleted air at 0.5 to 3 bars, carrying out the reaction by continuously introducing, at a temperature ranging between 35 to 65° C., the quaternizing agent (II), and water, and finally the remaining N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, until the desired concentration of salt (I) in the water is reached, the water being introduced only when 0–20 wt. % of the amount required for the quaternizing agent (II) reaction has been added; the introduction of the remaining N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate starting only when 20–80 wt.

Abstract: This process for the manufacture of an aqueous solution of (meth)acryloyloxyethylbenzyl-dimethylammonium chloride ((M)ADAMQUAT BZ) by reaction, in the presence of water, of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate ((M)ADAME) with benzyl chloride is characterized in that the reaction is carried out continuously in a reactor operating according to the perfectly stirred reactor technology.

Abstract: This process for the manufacture of an aqueous solution of (meth)acryloyloxyethylbenzyl-dimethylammonium chloride ((M)ADAMQUAT BZ) by reaction, in the presence of water, of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl (meth)acrylate ((M)ADAME) with benzyl chloride is characterized in that the reaction is carried out continuously in a reactor operating according to the perfectly stirred reactor technology.

Abstract: This process for the manufacture of an aqueous solution of the unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt corresponding to the formula (I), by reaction, in the presence of water, of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (DAMEA) with a quaternizing agent of formula (II), is characterized in that the said reaction is carried out continuously in a rotating disc agitated column, with introduction of the quaternizing agent in the column bottom and introduction of the DAMEA and the water in the column top, the said reaction being carried out at a temperature of 35 to 60° C. and under a pressure of 10 to 20 bar.  R—Cl  (II) R=methyl or benzyl radical.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a process for the manufacture of aqueous solutions of unsaturated quaternary ammonium salts. The salts can correspond to the following formula (I): in which R represents a methyl or benzyl radical, by reaction, in the presence of water, of N,N-dimethyl-amninoethyl acrylate (DAMEA) with a quaternizing agent of formula (II): R—Cl  (II) in which R is as defined above. Generally, the reaction is carried out in a closed reactor, which includes all the DAMEA and has been pressurized by air or depleted air to 0.5 to 3 bar, by continuously introducing, at a temperature of 35 to 65° C., the quatenlizing agent (II) and the water, until a concentration of salt (I) in the water is obtained. The water starts to be introduced beginning when 0-20% of the amount by weight of the quaternizing agent (II) necessary for the reaction has been added and it being possible for the pressure at the end of the reaction to reach 9 bar.

Abstract: This process for the manufacture of an aqueous solution of the unsaturated quaternary ammonium salt corresponding to the formula (I), by reaction, in the presence of water, of N,N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate (DAMEA) with a quaternizing agent of formula (II), is characterized in that the said reaction is carried out continuously in a rotating disc agitated column, with introduction of the quaternizing agent in the column bottom and introduction of the DAMEA and the water in the column top, the said reaction being carried out at a temperature of 35 to 60° C. and under a pressure of 10 to 20 bar.

Abstract: A compound (I) is prepared by reaction of at least one (meth) acrylate (II) with a heterocyclic alcohol (III), in the presence of at least one catalyst chosen from the chelates of calcium with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, such as calcium acetylacetonate. ##STR1## R.sup.1 =H, CH.sub.3 ; A, B=C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 alkylene; R.sup.2 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl.

Abstract: A compound (I) is prepared by reacting at least one (meth)acrylate (II) with a heterocyclic alcohol (III), in the presence of a catalyst consisting of a mixture formed (a) of at least one magnesium alkoxide and (b) of a component chosen from the chelates of calcium with 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds, dialkyltin oxides, dialkyltin alkoxides and dialkyltin diesters. ##STR1## R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl. R.sup.1 =H, CH.sub.3 ; A, B=straight or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 hydrocarbon chain; R.sup.2 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl.

Abstract: A compound (I) is prepared by reacting at least one (meth)acrylate (II) with a heterocyclic alcohol (III), in the presence of at least one catalyst chosen from magnesium alkoxides Mg(OR).sub.2. ##STR1## R=C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl. R.sup.1 =H, CH.sub.3 ; A, B=straight or branched C.sub.2 -C.sub.5 hydrocarbon chain; R.sup.2 =C.sub.1 -C.sub.4 alkyl.