Abstract: A virtual machine backup method, performed by a first host, includes: capturing a request to write data from a virtual machine to a hard disk image file, wherein the request includes written data and input and output location information, copying the written data to a temporary storage area, calculating a first key of the written data, storing the first key, the input and output location information into a first resource location structure, pausing an operation of the virtual machine and generating a second resource location structure according to the first resource location structure, the first key and a second key, and outputting a backup data set to a second host according to the second resource location structure, wherein the backup data set includes the second resource location structure and only one of existing data and the written data when the first key and the second key are the same.

Abstract: A biometrics authentication device has an object scanner, an object authentication device, a pulse waveform generation device, a pulse waveform authentication device and a determination device. The object scanner receives at least one of object images of a living being. The object authentication device performs an object authentication according to the at least one object image. The pulse waveform generation device receives the object images to generate a pulse waveform of the living being according to the object images and timestamps at which the object images are captured. The pulse waveform authentication device performs a pulse waveform authentication device according to the pulse waveform. The determination device determines a biometrics authentication result according to results of the object waveform authentication and the pulse waveform authentication.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided to decompose spectral computed tomography (CT) projection data into material components using singles-counts and total-counts projection data. The singles-counts projection data more accurately solves the material decomposition problem, but can produce multiple results only one of which is correct. The total-counts projection data generates a unique result, but is less precise. The total-counts projection data is used to disambiguate the multiple results of the singles-counts projection data providing a unique results that is also precise.

Abstract: A photon-counting system includes photon-counting detectors that output photon-counting signals to indicate a number of photons impinging on the photon-counting detectors. The system also includes analog-to-digital conversion circuits, which convert one of the photon-counting signals into a digital photon-counting signals, and a processor that processes the digital photon-counting signals to extract information from the photon-counting signals. The information extracted can include a photon-counting rate. An intelligent multiplexer that, based on the photon-counting rate, modifies interconnection of the photon-counting detectors and analog-to-digital conversion circuits and provides digital photon-counting signals for a selected set of the analog-to-digital converters to the processor.

Abstract: A heart rate adaptive filter used in a physiology information sensing device is illustrated. The heart rate adaptive filter has a heart rate measuring device and a frequency configurable filter electrically connected to the heart rate measuring device. The heart rate measuring device can determine a heart rate or a heart rate signal according to a pulsatile signal sensed from an individual user. The frequency configurable filter can determine a transfer function thereof according to the heart rate or the heart rate signal and apply the transfer function to the pulsatile signal to generate an adaptively filtered pulsatile signal. Since the transfer function is determined according to the heart rate or the heart rate signal which has information of a characteristic frequency of the pulsatile signal, the signal-to-noise ratio of the adaptively filtered pulsatile signal can have improvement.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is provided to decompose spectral computed tomography (CT) projection data into material components using singles-counts and total-counts projection data. The singles-counts projection data more accurately solves the material decomposition problem, but can produce multiple results only one of which is correct. The total-counts projection data generates a unique result, but is less precise. The total-counts projection data is used to disambiguate the multiple results of the singles-counts projection data providing a unique results that is also precise.

Abstract: An apparatus is provided that includes a digital processing circuit to obtain a digital signal corresponding to an output signal of a photon-counting detector; determine, from the obtained digital signal, a plurality of X-ray photons received by the photon-counting detector during a measurement period; determine a corresponding energy level of each of the plurality of X-ray photons; determine, based on the corresponding energy level, a corresponding weight for each of the plurality of X-ray photons; and calculate a sum of the corresponding weights of the plurality of X-ray photons.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) detector apparatus to increase energy resolution at a high count rate includes a plurality of fixed photon-counting detector (PCD) modules arranged in a ring, each PCD module including two Parallel-Transverse-Field (PTF) PCDs that are tilted with respect to a normal direction to a circumferential direction of the ring. Each PTF PCD includes a rectangular semiconductor crystal having a first face and a second face, wherein the first face and the second face are parallel, a cathode side including a cathode electrode covering the first face, and an anode side including a plurality of anode pixels on the second face. Each PTF PCD includes a collimator attached to a predetermined region of the PTF PCD, wherein the collimator blocks incident the X-rays.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) detector apparatus includes a plurality of detectors arranged in a ring, each detector being arranged inside a Faraday cage having a plurality of voltage-biased side-electrodes arranged on a side surface of the Faraday cage. The detectors include photon-counting detectors (PCDs). A voltage applied to the voltage-biased side-electrodes decreases from the anode side of the PCD to the cathode side of the PCD.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, computer-readable medium, and system for adjusting data acquisition parameters during a scan performed by a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner. The method includes obtaining, during the scan, a current temperature of a detector of the PET scanner, and adjusting, based on the current temperature, the data acquisition parameters used by the PET scanner during the scan.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) image apparatus includes a plurality of photon-counting detectors (PCD); and processing circuitry configured to obtain a photon count of a PCD of the plurality of PCDs, compare the obtained photon count to a predetermined photon-count threshold, and apply an external light source to the PCD when the obtained photon count is larger than the predetermined photon-count threshold.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) image apparatus includes a plurality of photon-counting detectors (PCD); and processing circuitry configured to obtain a photon count of a PCD of the plurality of PCDs, compare the obtained photon count to a predetermined photon-count threshold, and apply an external light source to the PCD when the obtained photon count is larger than the predetermined photon-count threshold.

Abstract: An apparatus, method, computer-readable medium, and system for adjusting data acquisition parameters during a scan performed by a Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scanner. The method includes obtaining, during the scan, a current temperature of a detector of the PET scanner, and adjusting, based on the current temperature, the data acquisition parameters used by the PET scanner during the scan.

Abstract: A CT scanner apparatus includes an X-ray source mounted on a gantry of the CT scanner apparatus. The CT scanner apparatus also includes a first X-ray detector mounted on the gantry opposite to the X-ray source, and configured to detect X-rays emitted from the X-ray source and transmitted through an object. The CT scanner apparatus also includes a fixed, sparse array of second X-ray detectors. Each of the second X-ray detectors includes a plurality of stacked scintillators and a photosensor adjacent to a sidewall of the stacked scintillators in a side-readout configuration.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) detector apparatus includes a plurality of detectors arranged in a ring, each detector being arranged inside a Faraday cage having a plurality of voltage-biased side-electrodes arranged on a side surface of the Faraday cage. The detectors include photon-counting detectors (PCDs). A voltage applied to the voltage-biased side-electrodes decreases from the anode side of the PCD to the cathode side of the PCD.

Abstract: A computed tomography (CT) detector apparatus to increase energy resolution at a high count rate includes a plurality of fixed photon-counting detector (PCD) modules arranged in a ring, each PCD module including two Parallel-Transverse-Field (PTF) PCDs that are tilted with respect to a normal direction to a circumferential direction of the ring. Each PTF PCD includes a rectangular semiconductor crystal having a first face and a second face, wherein the first face and the second face are parallel, a cathode side including a cathode electrode covering the first face, and an anode side including a plurality of anode pixels on the second face. Each PTF PCD includes a collimator attached to a predetermined region of the PTF PCD, wherein the collimator blocks incident the X-rays.

Abstract: A shock detection device for a detector array includes an accelerometer mounted on the detector array to detect vibrations. The shock detection device also includes an electronic memory to store data from the accelerometer. The data corresponds to detected vibrations that exceed an active threshold of the accelerometer. The shock detection device also includes a power supply that is separate from the power supply of the detector array.

Abstract: A CT scanner apparatus includes an X-ray source mounted on a gantry of the CT scanner apparatus. The CT scanner apparatus also includes a first X-ray detector mounted on the gantry opposite to the X-ray source, and configured to detect X-rays emitted from the X-ray source and transmitted through an object. The CT scanner apparatus also includes a fixed, sparse array of second X-ray detectors. Each of the second X-ray detectors includes a plurality of stacked scintillators and a photosensor adjacent to a sidewall of the stacked scintillators in a side-readout configuration.

Abstract: A photon-counting detector apparatus is configured to receive X-rays transmitted from an X-ray source. The photon-counting detector apparatus includes a first photon-counting detector having a first detecting material configured to detect photons using a first set of energy bins. The photon-counting detector apparatus also includes a second photon-counting detector arranged above the first photon-counting detector relative to an incidence direction of the X-rays transmitted from the X-ray source. The second photon-counting detector has a second detecting material configured to detect photons using a second set of energy bins. The first set of energy bins differs from the second set of energy bins.

Abstract: A photon-counting system includes photon-counting detectors that output photon-counting signals to indicate a number of photons impinging on the photon-counting detectors. The system also includes analog-to-digital conversion circuits, which convert one of the photon-counting signals into a digital photon-counting signals, and a processor that processes the digital photon-counting signals to extract information from the photon-counting signals. The information extracted can include a photon-counting rate. An intelligent multiplexer that, based on the photon-counting rate, modifies interconnection of the photon-counting detectors and analog-to-digital conversion circuits and provides digital photon-counting signals for a selected set of the analog-to-digital converters to the processor.