Abstract: A process for the manufacturing of steel strips with solution of continuity is described, comprising a continuous casting step for thin stabs with a high “mass flow”, a shearing step and subsequent heating in furnace, followed by a multiple stand rolling step, wherein the average temperature of the product at the inlet of the rolling is higher than the surface temperature, which is equal to at least 1100° C., lower than that measured in the inner central area by about 100° C. A plant is also described for the accomplishment of such process, wherein at the inlet of a furnace (25; 35), possibly of the induction type, combined with a temperature maintaining tunnel (36) a shear (3) is provided for, cutting into pieces (24; 34) a slab (22; 32) coming from continuous casting (21; 31), wherein the distance between the outlet of said continuous casting and the inlet into the finishing rolling mill (29; 39) is not greater than 100 m.

Abstract: Ultrathin hot rolled steel strips are obtained from thin slabs using a continuous casting process and production line. The process and production line includes a secondary cooling system, a roughing mill, an induction heating zone to fix temperatures of the intermediate strip chosen between 1000 and 1400° C., a final rolling zone to reduce the thickness of the hot finished strip while keeping a controlled temperature of the hot rolled strip from the last stand of the finishing rolling mill higher than 750° C. The strip is cooled between the last stand of the finishing rolling mill and the coiling station using a specific T.T.T diagram (time-temperature-transformation) for steel quality and strip thickness. A control system is also provided with a master system and six further peripheric sub-systems.

Abstract: A process and system for manufacturing metal strips of 0.14-20 mm thickness and metal sheets of 10-100 mm thickness from slabs of thickness between 30 and 300 mm by continuous casting of the bow type. The slab upon casting is fed without discontinuity directly to the rolling step after heating in an induction furnace without any intermediate product. The rolled flat product is withdrawn as sheet upon controlled cooling, by means of cutting and withdrawal device or wound on a reel to form a coil of a continuous strip severable by cutting device downstream of a cooling system. Surface cooling devices can be provided between rolling stands. The feed speed from continuous casting to the end of rolling is increasing step by step in relation to the thickness reductions and the quality of the end product, with regulation in cascade to the downstream direction.

Abstract: A production line for hot steel strips, being fed from two casting lines (a, b) for thin slabs of thickness <100 mm, only one of which (a) is aligned with a finishing rolling mill (g), comprises also two pairs of rotatable heating furnaces with mandrel (A1, A2, B1, B2), each respectively on either line, with an intermediate bypass section (d) between the furnaces of the first pair (A1, A2) to allow the endless rolling in a finishing rolling mill (g) locate downstream. The furnaces (B1, B2) of the second pair of furnaces on the line (b) can be transferred along a path (k) from said line to the rolling line and vice versa for producing single strips. Furthermore an induction furnace (f) is provided upstream of the finishing rolling mill (g). Also the corresponding production process is described.

Abstract: A system and the relevant thermo-electromechanical process with two superimposed devices (A) able to coil and uncoil a pre-strip (a) by reversing their positions, provided with outer (4) and inner (7) burners to respectively equalize and optimize the temperature along the whole pre-strip by means of special algorithms of the control software, suited to also control the speed, acceleration and deceleration, both in the coiling and uncoiling step, of the chuck (6) up to the advanced stop during coiling to let a segment of tail (c) of the pre-strip out of the device (A). A particular structure of the chuck (6)is also described.

Abstract: A system and the relevant thermo-electromechanical process with two superimposed devices (A) able to coil and uncoil a pre-strip (a) by reversing their positions, provided with outer (4) and inner (7) burners to respectively equalize and optimise the temperature along the whole pre-strip by means of special algorithms of the control software, suited to also control the speed, acceleration and deceleration, both in the coiling and uncoiling step, of the chuck (6) up to the advanced stop during coiling to let a segment of tail (c) of the pre-strip out of the device (A). A particular structure of the chuck (6) is also described.

Abstract: Process and production line for continuous manufacturing of ultrathin hot rolled steel strip from thin slab obtained through a process of continuous casting comprising a secondary cooling system, a pre-transformation by roughing (5) of the thin slab immediately after the continuous casting, an induction heating (8) to fix temperatures of the intermediate strip chosen between 1000 and 1400° C., a final rolling (18) up to a thickness of the hot finished strip of 0.4 mm at a minimum through not more than 36 six passes while keeping a controlled temperature of the hot rolled strip from the last stand of the finishing rolling mill higher than 750° C. It is also provided a cooling (14), in the time, of the strip (13) between the last stand of the finishing rolling mill and the coiling in view of the specific T.T.T diagram (time-temperature-transformation) for steel quality and strip thickness. A control system of the process is also provided with a master system and six further peripheric sub-systems.

Abstract: A process for the production of cold rolled finished strip with thickness of 0.5-0.1 mm and a maximum width of 2000 mm for direct preparation of end products such as pressed and deep drawn pieces from thin slab casting with a thickness of the bar leaving the mold of 90-50 mm, with preparation of pressed pieces and transfer of the finished pieces to the end user and return of the processing scrap to the steel manufacturing cycle. Also a production line for carrying out such a process is described.

Abstract: An improved mould for the continuous casting of steel slabs having thickness in the range from 50-120 mm, particularly suitable to be rolled to thin strips, presents two large faces (F), each one having in horizontal cross section a concave or rectilinear central zone symmetrical with respect to each other, connected at both sides to the narrow faces (f) through concave-convex wide bends with respect to the internal part of the mould, without other lengths being parallel to opposite portions of the other face (F), besides to a possible central rectilinear length. the radiuses of the concave portion (r1) and of the convex portion (r2) are in a mutual ratio of a range from 0.6 to 1.

Abstract: A process for the production of cold rolled finished strip with thickness of 0.5-0.1 mm and a maximum width of 2000 mm for direct preparation of end products such as pressed and deep drawn pieces from thin slab casting with a thickness of the bar leaving the mould of 90-50 mm, with preparation of pressed pieces and transfer of the finished pieces to the end user and return of the processing scrap to the steel manufacturing cycle. Also a production line for carrying out such a process is described.

Abstract: A dip pipe (1) which feeds by gravity with a molten metal or alloy (2) from a ladle (3) a slab (4) being formed in a thin mold (5) with cooling walls comprises a length of vertical pipe (6) communicating with the upper ladle (3) and downwards ending into a diffuser (8) of flattened shape having two discharge holes (9, 9'). According to the invention the diffuser (8) has a central partition baffle (14) designed to define two channels (16, 16') for the flow and corresponding to said two discharge holes (9, 9'), and the cross-section area (10) of the flow at the highest level of the diffuser is less than the cross-section area (11) of the pipe (6). Furthermore the inner side walls (12, 12') of the diffuser, which are directed to the narrow sides of the thin mold, form each an angle .alpha..ltoreq.7.5.degree. with the vertical axis (13) while departing therefrom in the downward direction, the flow partition baffle (14) narrowing in its lower portion to form two angles .beta..ltoreq.7.5.degree.

Abstract: Apparatus for the continuous casting of steel slabs, especially low thickness slabs at high speed, comprising a mold (1) fed by the submerged nozzle (2) and connected to an oscillator (3) driven by a hydraulic servocontrol, wherein the following geometrical relation is valid concerning both the mold and the submerged nozzle shapes and their mutual arrangement:0.9.ltoreq.(A1/S1)/(A2/S2).ltoreq.1.1and preferably A1/S1=A2/S2, wherein, on the mold horizontal section at the meniscus level, A1 is the area enclosed between the submerged nozzle and larger sides of the mold, and A2 is the residual area less the nozzle area, between submerged nozzle and smaller sides, S1 and S2 being the total sums of the mold peripheral lengths corresponding to each of said areas. Furthermore, at least in the mold horizontal section at the meniscus level, the distance between submerged nozzle and copper plates forming the mold walls is kept constant.

Abstract: An induction furnace for homogeneously heating flat steel products fed therethrough in a continuous line in a predetermined feeding direction includes a succession of heating assemblies and pairs of rollers placed between the heating assemblies for supporting and moving the flat products in the feeding direction. Each heating assembly has a narrow induction coil fed by a separate frequency converter and a linear flux concentrator. The coil extends transverse to the feeding direction. The size of the coil in the feeding direction of the flat products is 350 mm. or less. The flux concentrator is in proximity of the coil and extends along the longitudinal orientation of the coil. The flux concentrator has ends, an upper portion and a lower portion. The upper and lower portions are joined at each of the ends, and establish a central gap therebetween for the flat products to pass therethrough. The gap extends through the heating assembly in a direction transverse to the longitudinal orientation of the coil.

Abstract: Steel is continuously cast by employing a mold and a casting track. The casting track has a metallurgical length wherein the steel is substantially liquidus at one end of the length and substantially solidified at the other end of the length. At a distance along the length, the area of the cross-section of the solidifying liquid steel is reduced while maintaining the length of the perimeter of the reduced cross-section. The distance is between about 10% and about 80% of the length from the one end to the other end.

Abstract: A liquid-cooled plate mold with adjustable width for the continuous casting of billets from steel in the form of slabs, particularly for a slab thickness of less than 100 mm. The shape-imparting broad side plates (1) and narrow side plates (2) of the ingot mold are constructed in the direction of their transverse extension so as to increase in cross section for the billet, while the narrow side plates (2) extend substantially parallel to one another along the height of the ingot mold. Further, the broad side plates (1) are constructed so as to be concave at least in a region (3) of smallest slab width in such a way that, in cross section, the apex height (13) of the ingot mold wall forming a curve has a determined height relative to a rectangle inserted in the drawing. The shape of the billet side plates at the billet outlet end (5) corresponds to the billet format to be produced.

Abstract: The invention relates to a dummy bar for continuous casting installations with a curved bar guide arranged downstream of a mold. The invention provides a dummy bar which is characterized by a flexible metallic strip (1) and components (3) which are fastened to a surface of the strip (1) for detachably connecting with spacers (2) extending in the shape of strips along the width of the strip (1) on the same surface transversely to the longitudinal direction of the strip, which spacers (2) have mutually adjacent contact areas (6) at least in the region of the components (3). The free surface of the spacers (2) is covered with congruent rubber-like plates (5) and the free surface of the strip (1) is provided with a rubber-like coating (4).

Abstract: A process for obtaining steel strip coils with characteristics of a cold-rolled product, directly in a hot-rolling line, comprises subsequently to steps of casting and thickness reduction at a temperature of more than 1100.degree. C. upon solidification, induction heating of the product and a further step of hot rolling, above point Ar.sub.3, a step of cooling and temperature control in a range of between 600.degree. and 250.degree. C., thus lower than said point Ar.sub.3, as well as one or more passes of cold-rolling in series, with final coiling of the obtained product. Also a preferred plant is described for putting into practice such a process.

Abstract: A method and system for continuously producing a flat steel product from flat stock produced by the arcuate continuous casting method with a horizontal direction of emergence are disclosed. In one form of the invention, flat stock is shaped after solidification of a strand in a first shaping stage at temperatures exceeding about 1100.degree. C. The stock is then inductively reheated to a temperature of about 1100.degree. C. with approximate temperature equalization of an entire cross-section of the flat stock. The flat stock is additionally shaped in at least one additional shaping stage with rolling speeds in accordance with the stock's accompanying reduction in thickness per pass.

Abstract: An induction furnace is described which is capable to heat a thin strip from a continuous casting apparatus throughout the furnace itself after a previous rolling, at a homogeneous temperature adapted to the subsequent rolling steps. The induction furnace of the present invention comprises, in a known manner, an array of toroidal coils being fed at M.F., with intermediate feeding rollers having reduced size along the strip feed direction with respect to the known coils so that the rollers are less spaced from each other. Flux concentrators are also provided, being distributed preferably in pairs on the inductor and mounted transversely movable with respect to the strip forward movement and possibly also in a plane perpendicular thereto.

Abstract: A three-dimensional reticulated structure or space lattice structure is formed of metal rods tapered at their ends so that the loss of cross-section leads to a thickening of the tubular wall of the rod, whereby it can be threaded at its ends by removal of material without losing mechanical strength. This is preferably attained by coining through at least six successive passes in dies of increasingly smaller dimensions. The knots or junctions are bored metal cups, said rods converging into the bores thereof and being fixed simply by bolts. A plug of concrete reinforced with steel fibres closes the base of the cup while allowing its reopening for inspection and maintenance, and provides further mechanical strength to the assembly.