Abstract: Solid substances are introduced into a bath of molten metal by pushing a hollow metal tube filled with the solid substance, through a tubular former that imparts a spiral shape to the carrier tube. The spiral rotates about a vertical axis as it descends into the bath of molten metal.

Abstract: Substances such as deoxidizing and desulfurizing substances are introduced into liquid metal such as molten iron or steel, by forming layers of active material such as an alkali or alkaline earth metal or an oxide or halide thereof, is interlayered with inert material, in a metallic casing. The inert material may be iron or steel or a metallic oxide that is inert to the bath. The composite is immersed in the bath, thereby gradually to add the deoxidizing and/or desulfurizing materials to the bath.

Abstract: An addition agent for the inoculation of a molten metal bath consists essentially of 50 to 90% by weight of a metal selected from the group consisting of alkali metal and alkaline earth metal having a particle size greater than 3 mm. but no more than 10 mm., 5 to 49% by weight of an inert porous material selected from the group consisting of semi-coke, coke, coke breeze and graphite, the porous material having a particle size greater than 3 mm. but no more than 20 mm., and 1 to 10% by weight of a binder which secures the metal particles and porous material particles together in a briquette, and can be coal pitch, coal bitumen, petroleum pitch, petroleum asphalt, or phenolic or furanic resin.