Abstract: A battery pack includes a plurality of battery modules including module cases. Side surfaces of the module cases in which battery cells are accommodated face each other and a water injection hole is formed in a top surface of each of the module cases, and a fire extinguishing tank unit containing a fire extinguishing agent, located over the plurality of battery modules, and configured to supply the fire extinguishing agent only into a battery module in which a thermal event occurs from among the plurality of battery modules through the water injection holes.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a battery module having at least one battery cell, a control module connected to the battery module and configured to manage the battery module, a fire extinguishing tank containing a fire extinguishing agent and coupled to at least one of the battery module and the control module, and a side cover mounted on one side of the fire extinguishing tank and configured to guide electrical connection between the battery module and the control module.

Abstract: A battery pack ensures safety even when a thermal event occurs. A battery pack includes a battery module including one or more battery cells, a control module connected to the battery module to manage the battery module, and a fire extinguishing tank containing a fire extinguishing agent and coupled to at least one of the battery module and the control module.

Abstract: A battery pack includes a battery module including a water injection hole through which a fire extinguishing liquid can be supplied at an upper end portion and at least one drain hole through which the fire extinguishing liquid can be discharged at a lower end portion, a fire extinguishing tank unit containing the fire extinguishing liquid, located over the battery module, and configured to supply the fire extinguishing liquid to the battery module through the water injection hole, and a module supporter unit located under the battery module and supporting the battery module so that the battery module is located at a certain height from a ground. The module supporter unit includes a contaminated water storage container in which the fire extinguishing liquid dropping from the battery module through the drain hole is accommodated.

Abstract: A virtual traffic line generation apparatus and a method thereof are provided. The virtual traffic line generation apparatus includes a controller that determines reliability of a traffic line detected for each frame and generates a virtual traffic line based on a traffic line with the highest reliability among traffic lines detected in a previous frame when the traffic line is not detected and a storage storing the reliability of the traffic line for each frame.

Abstract: A virtual traffic line generation apparatus and a method thereof are provided. The virtual traffic line generation apparatus includes a controller that determines reliability of a traffic line detected for each frame and generates a virtual traffic line based on a traffic line with the highest reliability among traffic lines detected in a previous frame when the traffic line is not detected and a storage storing the reliability of the traffic line for each frame.

Abstract: Disclosed are an apparatus and method for controlling driving of a vehicle. The apparatus for controlling driving of the vehicle includes a controller that recognizes a double traffic line on a road on which the vehicle travels, generates a virtual center line between an inside line and an outside line of the double traffic line, and controls driving of the vehicle based on the virtual center line, and an output device that outputs the virtual center line.

Abstract: A method of controlling a tailgate using a rear-view camera in a vehicle includes: supplying power to an electric device or an accessory of the vehicle, switching the rear-view camera to a switch mode if the vehicle is in a predetermined state, confirming whether or not brightness of an image captured by the rear-view camera becomes lower than a predetermined range for a predetermined time, confirming a change of brightness of the image using at least one tail lamp or another lamp installed adjacent to the rear-view camera if the brightness of the image becomes lower than the predetermined range for the predetermined time, and opening the tailgate if there is no change of brightness of the image.

Abstract: An emergency braking system is provided and brakes a vehicle by more efficiently predicting forward collision. The emergency braking system includes an imaging device that identifies a forward obstacle and a sensor that senses an external environment and a driving state of a vehicle. A controller determines a road on which the vehicle is driven, determines a current driving environment case among a plurality of driving environment cases, using external environment information and road information and learns a driving pattern for the current driving environment case, using obstacle information and driving state information. Additionally, the controller variably adjusts warning and braking intervention timings using the learned driving pattern according to the driving environment cases.

Abstract: A method for paging in a wireless access system is provided. A method for paging a mobile station of an idle mode includes allocating large paging group identifier and small paging group identifier of a paging group to which the mobile station belongs to a header; allocating a large paging group flag and a small paging group flag to the header, the large paging group flag and the small paging group flag indicating the presence of a paging message for the mobile station; and transmitting the header to the mobile station of the idle mode.

Abstract: A method for paging in a wireless access system is provided. A method for paging a mobile station of an idle mode includes allocating large paging group identifier and small paging group identifier of a paging group to which the mobile station belongs to a header; allocating a large paging group flag and a small paging group flag to the header, the large paging group flag and the small paging group flag indicating the presence of a paging message for the mobile station; and transmitting the header to the mobile station of the idle mode.

Abstract: An emergency braking system is provided and brakes a vehicle by more efficiently predicting forward collision. The emergency braking system includes an imaging device that identifies a forward obstacle and a sensor that senses an external environment and a driving state of a vehicle. A controller determines a road on which the vehicle is driven, determines a current driving environment case among a plurality of driving environment cases, using external environment information and road information and learns a driving pattern for the current driving environment case, using obstacle information and driving state information. Additionally, the controller variably adjusts warning and braking intervention timings using the learned driving pattern according to the driving environment cases.

Abstract: A method of controlling a tailgate using a rear-view camera in a vehicle includes: supplying power to an electric device or an accessory of the vehicle, switching the rear-view camera to a switch mode if the vehicle is in a predetermined state, confirming whether or not brightness of an image captured by the rear-view camera becomes lower than a predetermined range for a predetermined time, confirming a change of brightness of the image using at least one tail lamp or another lamp installed adjacent to the rear-view camera if the brightness of the image becomes lower than the predetermined range for the predetermined time, and opening the tailgate if there is no change of brightness of the image.

Abstract: Disclosed is a method for determining whether a machine-to-machine group identifier (MGID) for identifying a multicast service flow is supported in a wireless access system that supports machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, wherein the multicast service flow is shared by a group of M2M terminals within an M2M group zone that is allocated to the terminals. The method comprises the steps of: receiving from the first base station M2M group zone information of the first base station and neighboring base stations; receiving from the second base station system information of the second base station; and determining whether the MGID that is received from the first base station is supported by the second base station by comparing the system information of the second base station and the M2M group zone information on the neighboring base stations.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for ranging in a wireless communication system. A machine-to-machine (M2M) device receives an advanced air interface-system configuration descriptor (AAI-SCD) message including information on a dedicated ranging channel for the M2M device and an M2M parameter change count from a base station, and attempts ranging through the dedicated ranging channel to the base station. At this point, the M2M parameter change count orders information on the dedicated ranging channel in the AAI-SCD message to change.

Abstract: A method and device for performing a dedicated ranging for Machine To Machine (M2M) communication is provided. A M2M device receives a paging message indicating a dedicated ranging channel allocation from a base station. The dedicated ranging channel allocation is valid within a dedicated channel allocation timer.

Abstract: Provided are a method and an apparatus for monitoring a paging message in machine-to-machine (M2M) communications. An M2M device receives a paging setup for initiating an idle mode from a base station. The paging setup includes information indicating a paging cycle, a first paging offset, and a second paging offset. In the idle mode, the M2M device monitors the transmission of a paging message at the first paging offset of the paging cycle. If the paging message is not received at the first paging offset, the M2M device monitors the transmission of the paging message at the second paging offset of the paging cycle.

Abstract: A method for efficiently updating system information of a base station at a relay station of a broadband wireless access system and an apparatus for performing the method are disclosed. The method for updating system information of an advanced base station (ABS) at an advanced relay station (ARS) of a broadband wireless access system comprises receiving a first message, which includes changed information of the system information of the base station, from the base station; transmitting a second message for acknowledgment of the first message to the base station; and performing application for the changed information.

Abstract: Provided are a method and device for M2M (Machine To Machine) communication. A M2M device receives a DSA (dynamic service addition) message from a base station, and the DSA message includes an MGID (M2M Group identifier) related to an M2M multicast service. The M2M device receives a paging advertisement (PAG-ADV) message from the base station in an idle mode, and the PAG-ADV message includes the MGID and an action code directing a location update performance. The M2M device transmits a ranging request (RNG-REQ) from the base station to perform a location update.

Abstract: A method and device for operating in an idle mode for Machine To Machine (M2M) communication are provided. A M2M device receives a paging message from a base station. The paging message includes a M2M group identifier that identifies a M2M group to which the M2M device belongs. The M2M device monitors an uplink resource allocation beginning from an offset during a monitoring duration.