Abstract: Improved method of removing water from a wet web of paper includes the steps of (a) passing the web and its supporting fabric above and in sliding contact with a surface of a meniscus separator unit having a plurality of spaced cells in contact with the inner surface of the fabric; (b) applying a small vacuum to an internal space of each cell to extract water from the web using the tension meniscus of water while preventing air from passing through the web; and (c) permitting air from the atmosphere only to be applied to the inner surface of the fabric by each cell and thence into the fabric to replace water removed from the fabric in step (b) thereby enhancing the removal of water from the web and from the fabric, the atmospheric air passing along and through the interstices between the inner and outer surfaces of the fabric to the internal space of each cell.

Abstract: Improved system for controlling the forming and dewatering of a web of paper by submerged drainage in which air does not penetrate the fiber/aqueous dispersion and the formed web. The dewatering is via altering the natural tension of the meniscus of the water to induce enhanced drainage of water from the aqueous dispersion of paper making fibers in the wetter end of the system and from the drier end of the fabric. Also, the improved horizontal system provides substantially equivalent side surfaces to the paper formed in such system.

Abstract: Improved system for controlling the forming and dewatering of a web of paper by submerged drainage in which air does not penetrate the fiber/aqueous dispersion and the formed web. The dewatering is via altering the natural tension of the meniscus of the water to induce enhanced drainage of water from the aqueous dispersion of paper making fibers in the wetter end of the system and from the drier end of the fabric. Also, the improved horizontal system provides substantially equivalent side surfaces to the paper formed in such system.

Abstract: Improved system for controlling the forming and dewatering of a web of paper by submerged drainage in which air does not penetrate the fiber/aqueous dispersion and the formed web. The dewatering is via altering the natural tension of the meniscus of the water to induce enhanced drainage of water from the aqueous dispersion of paper making fibers in the wetter end of the system and from the drier end of the fabric. Also, the improved horizontal system provides substantially equivalent side surfaces to the paper formed in such system.

Abstract: Improved apparatus for controlling the dewatering of a web (44, 44') in a Fourdrinier fabric (20, 21) by submerged drainage apparatus in which air does not penetrate through the fiber/aqueous dispersion nor the formed web (44, 44'). The dewatering is accomplished by altering the natural tension of the meniscus of the water to induce enhanced drainage of water from the aqueous dispersion of paper making fibers in the fabric (20, 21) and replacement air for the water draining from the formed web (44, 44') is provided from beneath the lower fabric (20) and, if an upper fabric (21) is employed, from above the upper fabric (21).

Abstract: Improved system for controlling the forming and dewatering of a web of paper by submerged drainage in which air does not penetrate the fiber/aqueous dispersion and the formed web. The dewatering is via altering the natural tension of the meniscus of the water to induce enhanced drainage of water from the aqueous dispersion of paper making fibers in the wetter end of the system and from the drier end of the fabric. Also, the improved horizontal system provides substantially equivalent side surfaces to the paper formed in such system.

Abstract: Method of feeding separate streams of (1) an aqueous dispersion of pulp and (2) white water from a paper making process into a wedge-shaped space between horizontal travelling upper and lower converging wire meshes, applying a siphon means to the upper wire mesh in said zone to form a web of solid fibrous material between the meshes separating the upper wire mesh from the web to leave it supported on the lower wire mesh as the meshes leave the wedge-spaced zone; washing all solids from the wire meshes into a receiving vessel, recycling the contents of the receiving vessel to the paper making process, and recycling the liquid from the white water to the paper making process; and apparatus to perform the above method.

Abstract: The suction box cover able to support a stock wire (31) over it, the stock wire running as in the prior art of paper mill machinery, the suction box cover 10 having a frame structure constructed by external side member 11,111 and a plurality of blades 13, 14, 15, intermediate, front and back, including a carrier 18 and running blades 19 connected together, the blades 13, 14, 15 being the running table of the wire and being supported by a plurality of profiled or shaped staffs oriented orthogonally to the blades and connected to the external side members 11, 111. The suction box cover is closed at the sides by removable seals 29, and the suction box cover is connectable by means of the side members to a lower suction box 26.

Abstract: A method to simultaneously de-water and form a sheet of pulp is disclosed. The method employs a pair of wire meshes, the meshes being adapted to move continuously under tension and to receive pulp continuously from a stock inflow tank. A layer of pulp is subjected simultaneously to progressive mechanical compression and to aspiration of the water at a constant value owing to a siphon effect. Also disclosed is an apparatus to carry out this method.

Abstract: A water-removal device for paper-making machines comprising a fixed beam; a blade having a leading edge; an upper bendable surface positioned behind said blade, and means for adjusting the bend in said bendable surface is described. By adjusting the curvature of the bendable surface, a series of vacuum curves can be obtained, thereby facilitating water-removal.

Abstract: This disclosure relates to a support for the moving wire of a continuous forming table of paper-making machines, the support being in the form of a water removing blade over which the wire runs with the blade having a hardened nose opposing the direction of wire movement and a rear portion over which the wire may readily slide. The blade may also have openings therethrough and a supporting beam therefor may have a section applied thereto so as to facilitate water removal. The disclosure relates also to the manner in which such blades are formed.

Abstract: A sectional sail for boats includes a plurality of sections parallel to one side of the sail, each section being provided with tensioning ropes or luff- and leech-ropes and devices for tensioning and tightening the sail. Stiffening battens are provided for maintaining a constant distance between the edges for entry and exit of the wind between the sections. Connectors are included for securing the ends of the sections, as are connectors for connecting the edges thereof. The ends of the sections are substantially aligned and axially successive. The sail, which is practical, simple, and safe, enables one to exploit the thrust of the wind to the maximum extent possible.