Abstract: Apparatus for processing a metallic fluid containing iron oxide, container for a molten metal including an electrically conductive refractory disposed for contact with the molten metal which contains iron oxide, an electrolyte in the form of a basic slag on top of the molten metal, an electrode in the container in contact with the slag electrically separated from the refractory, and means for establishing a voltage across the refractory and the electrode to reduce iron oxide to iron at the surface of the refractory in contact with the iron oxide containing fluid.

Abstract: Apparatus for processing a metallic fluid containing iron oxide, container for a molten metal including an electrically conductive refractory disposed for contact with the molten metal which contains iron oxide, an electrolyte in the form of a basic slag on top of the molten metal, an electrode in the container in contcat with the slag electrically separated from the refractory, and means for establishing a voltage across the refractory and the electrode to reduce iron oxide to iron at the surface of the refractory in contact with the iron oxide containing fluid.

Abstract: The known method of removing heavy metal and cyanide ions from plating waste solutions wherein the solution is passed through flow-through, high surface area electrodes to precipitate heavy metal ions and to oxidize cyanide is improved through the use of a novel stationary bed dual electrode capable of reducing heavy metal and cyanide ion concentration. The process promotes economical electrolytic purification because it can be accomplished at relatively high current efficiencies. The metals removed from the solutions are recovered in a concentrated form suitable for purification.

Abstract: Disclosed is an easily assembled and disassembled stationary particulate bed dual electrode for recovering metal values from electrolytic solutions. The electrode comprises two assemblies adapted for mating with one another. Each assembly has a perforated flow distributing plate and a basket-like compartment for holding carbonaceous, conductive particles onto which the metal values deposit. This compartment is quickly and easily disassembled for removal of the metal-clad particulate bed.

Abstract: A process for the direct electrochemical recovery of copper values from dilute ammoniacal leach liquors.

Abstract: Recovery of copper and/or other metal values from pregnant, highly dilute liquors and conversion of the barren liquor to a suitable lixiviant; for recovery of copper or other metal values from leaching systems, such as acid treatment of mine waste dumps, vat or heap leaching and insitu mining as part of an overall copper recovery process.

Abstract: A process and apparatus for producing thin copper foils by electroplating the copper onto a rotating drum serving as a cathode where the surface of the rotating drum is molybdenum or TZM alloy.