Abstract: A ferromagnetic strip sensor for use in magnetostrictive testing of various structures. In its simplest form, the sensor has a ferromagnetic strip with an electrical coil winding. A permanent magnet is positioned atop the strip, aligned with but offset from, a center axis of the strip. The sensor is operable such that a time varying current in the coil results in a unidirectional guided wave. This guided wave travels within the structure, and is reflected from anomalies in the structure.

Abstract: Various embodiments of magnetostrictive transducers (MsTs) for detecting defects in a tubular structure comprise one or more AC coils and one or more magnets. The transducer has a pair of coils (or two coil elements), which are spaced 180 degrees apart relative to the circumference of the tubular structure. Each MsT is selectively operable or configurable so that it may generate either torsional or flexural guided waves.

Abstract: Various embodiments of magnetostrictive transducers (MsTs) for detecting defects in a tubular structure comprise one or more AC coils and one or more magnets. The transducer has a pair of coils (or two coil elements), which are spaced 180 degrees apart relative to the circumference of the tubular structure. Each MsT is selectively operable or configurable so that it may generate either torsional or flexural guided waves.

Abstract: A non contact sensor for use in magnetostrictive testing of a solid ferrous structure. In its simplest form, the sensor has a set of permanent magnets arranged in a row with their poles in the same direction, an electrical coil wrapped around the set of magnets, wrapped in direction parallel to the common poles of the magnets, thereby forming a top portion above the set of magnets and a bottom portion below the set of magnets, and a metal shield interposed between the top portion of the coil and the set of magnets. The sensor is operable such that a time varying current in the coil causes guided waves to travel to the structure and to be reflected from anomalies in the structure even when there is no ferromagnetic coupling material between the sensor and the structure.

Abstract: A ferromagnetic strip sensor for use in magnetostrictive testing of various structures. In its simplest form, the sensor has a ferromagnetic strip with an electrical coil winding. A permanent magnet is positioned atop the strip, aligned with but offset from, a center axis of the strip. The sensor is operable such that a time varying current in the coil results in a unidirectional guided wave. This guided wave travels within the structure, and is reflected from anomalies in the structure.

Abstract: A probe for use in magnetostrictive testing of tubular structures. The probe has a handle and an outer tube, the latter having an expandable probe head for insertion into the tubular structure. A pair of magnetostrictive sensors is mounted in or on the probe head. A flexible bladder is located inside the outer tube in the area of the probe head, and communicates with a pressurizing cartridge in the probe handle via a bladder tube. The bladder is operable to expand, causing the probe head to expand, which moves the sensors toward the inner wall of the tubular structure. The probe is also equipped with a couplant injector that delivers coupling fluid to any gaps between the inner surface of the tubular structure and the outer surface of the probe.

Abstract: A probe for use in magnetostrictive testing of tubular structures. The probe has a handle and an outer tube, the latter having an expandable probe head for insertion into the tubular structure. A pair of magnetostrictive sensors is mounted in or on the probe head. A flexible bladder is located inside the outer tube in the area of the probe head, and communicates with a pressurizing cartridge in the probe handle via a bladder tube. The bladder is operable to expand, causing the probe head to expand, which moves the sensors toward the inner wall of the tubular structure. The probe is also equipped with a couplant injector that delivers coupling fluid to any gaps between the inner surface of the tubular structure and the outer surface of the probe.

Abstract: A non contact sensor for use in magnetostrictive testing of a solid ferrous structure. In its simplest form, the sensor has a set of permanent magnets arranged in a row with their poles in the same direction, an electrical coil wrapped around the set of magnets, wrapped in direction parallel to the common poles of the magnets, thereby forming a top portion above the set of magnets and a bottom portion below the set of magnets, and a metal shield interposed between the top portion of the coil and the set of magnets. The sensor is operable such that a time varying current in the coil causes guided waves to travel to the structure and to be reflected from anomalies in the structure even when there is no ferromagnetic coupling material between the sensor and the structure.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for monitoring a structural component. The system may include an electromechanical device to generate guided waves having a measurement surface and a bonding agent disposed on the measurement surface and configured to engage with the surface of the structural component. The system may also include a heating element for heating the measurement surface, the bonding agent, and capable of heating a portion of the structural component surface. In addition, the system may include a clamp for retaining the measurement surface relative to the structural component.

Abstract: The present disclosure relates to a system for monitoring a structural component. The system may include an electromechanical device to generate guided waves having a measurement surface and a bonding agent disposed on the measurement surface and configured to engage with the surface of the structural component. The system may also include a heating element for heating the measurement surface, the bonding agent, and capable of heating a portion 100 of the structural component surface. In addition, the system may include a clamp for retaining the measurement surface relative to the structural component.

Abstract: Systems and methods for flaw detection and monitoring at elevated temperatures with wireless communication using surface embedded, monolithically integrated, thin-film, magnetically actuated sensors, and methods for fabricating the sensors. The sensor is a monolithically integrated, multi-layered (nano-composite), thin-film sensor structure that incorporates a thin-film, multi-layer magnetostrictive element, a thin-film electrically insulating or dielectric layer, and a thin-film activating layer such as a planar coil. The method for manufacturing the multi-layered, thin-film sensor structure as described above, utilizes a variety of factors that allow for optimization of sensor characteristics for application to specific structures and in specific environments. The system and method integrating the multi-layered, thin-film sensor structure as described above, further utilizes wireless connectivity to the sensor to allow the sensor to be mounted on moving components within the monitored assembly.

Abstract: A method of testing for defects in the bottom of an above ground storage tank, the tank bottom having a lip extending outwardly from the tank wall around the circumference of the tank. A special magnetostrictive sensor is designed to be placed on this lip. The sensor is placed over a strip of magnetostrictive material, which generally conforms in length and width to the bottom of the probe, with a couplant being applied between the strip and the lip surface. The sensor is then operated in pulse echo mode to receive signals from defects in the bottom of the tank. It is incrementally moved around the circumference of the tank.

Abstract: A method of testing for defects in the bottom of an above ground storage tank, the tank bottom having a lip extending outwardly from the tank wall around the circumference of the tank. A special magnetostrictive sensor is designed to be placed on this lip. The sensor is placed over a strip of magnetostrictive material, which generally conforms in length and width to the bottom of the probe, with a couplant being applied between the strip and the lip surface. The sensor is then operated in pulse echo mode to receive signals from defects in the bottom of the tank. It is incrementally moved around the circumference of the tank.

Abstract: The system and method provides means for detecting fiber optic cable embedded within a structure such as a wall of a building. It relies upon detecting an electrical field generated by movement of static and induced electrical charged fiber optic cable contained within the building wall. The invention is particularly useful when only one side of a wall structure is accessible and there is no access to the fiber optic cable. The process comprises the steps of locating wall studs, making a small hole in the wall material between the wall studs at approximately mid height, inserting a field emitter in the small hole for generating an electrical charge on a fiber cable, inserting an air nozzle in the small hole to create fiber cable movement, and detecting an electric field generated by the movement of an electrically charged fiber cable.

Abstract: The present invention is for a simple, reliable and inexpensive method to calibrate a defect signal to determine the size of a defect in a pipe. A first reflected signal is received from the test area of the pipe. After attaching a clamp, a second reflected signal is received from the test area of the pipe. If defects are in the test area, by appropriate calculations using the first reflected signal and the second reflected signal, the size of the defect can be determined.

Abstract: In one embodiment the present invention provides a device for monitoring a cable, comprising an imaging device having a field of view; a target, distinguishable within the field of view of the imaging device, associated with a cable; and a computer processor connected to the imaging device for analyzing images of the target produced by the imaging device to determine a position of the cable. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for monitoring a cable, comprising calibrating a first image of a predetermined field of view showing a portion of a cable to be monitored; capturing a second image of the predetermined field of view; correlating the first image with the second image to determine a position of the portion of the cable within the second image; and reporting said position.

Abstract: The present invention is for a simple, reliable and inexpensive method to calibrate a defect signal to determine the size of a defect in a pipe. A first reflected signal is received from the test area of the pipe. After attaching a clamp, a second reflected signal is received from the test area of the pipe. If defects are in the test area, by appropriate calculations using the first reflected signal and the second reflected signal, the size of the defect can be determined.

Abstract: Averaged guided wave inspection method for a throttle cable is disclosed. Access to the engine end of the throttle cable is obtained and a transducer is applied to an end of the ribbon cable. The transducer generates an ultrasonic guided wave in the cable. The ultrasonic guided wave propagates down the entire length of the cable and reflects back from any discontinuity in the cross section of the ribbon cable. By determining the time needed for the reflected wave to travel back to the receiver, the location of any defect along the length of the cable can be determined. By moving the ribbon cable and transducer to different positions with respect to the sheath of the throttle cable, repeating the prior steps and averaging, unwanted noise caused by external influences is eliminated.

Abstract: In one embodiment the present invention provides a device for monitoring a cable, comprising an imaging device having a field of view; a target, distinguishable within the field of view of the imaging device, associated with a cable; and a computer processor connected to the imaging device for analyzing images of the target produced by the imaging device to determine a position of the cable. In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for monitoring a cable, comprising calibrating a first image of a predetermined field of view showing a portion of a cable to be monitored; capturing a second image of the predetermined field of view; correlating the first image with the second image to determine a position of the portion of the cable within the second image; and reporting said position.

Abstract: A method and apparatus is shown for implementing magnetostrictive sensor techniques for the nondestructive evaluation of railroad rails. The system includes magnetostrictive sensors specifically designed for application in conjunction with railroad rails and trains that generate guided waves in the railroad rails which travel therethrough in a direction parallel to the surface of the railroad rail. Similarly structured sensors are positioned to detect the guided waves (both incident and reflected) and generate signals representative of the characteristics of the guided waves detected that are reflected from anomalies in the structure such as transverse defects. The sensor structure is longitudinal in nature and generates a guided wave having a wavefront parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sensor, and which propagates in a direction perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the sensor. The generated guided waves propagate in the rail within the path of the propagating wave.