Abstract: In a method of producing a strip suitable for further processing to yield a (110)[001] grain oriented electrical steel from a thin strip such as a continuously cast thin strip the thin cast strip is processed to promote recrystallization from the surface layer of the strip (S=0) into the quarter thickness of the strip (S=0.2 to 0.3). The process parameters are selected so that the strain/recrystallization parameter (K*)−1, ≧about 6500 and wherein, ( K * ) - 1 = ( T HBA ) ⁢ ln ⁡ [ e . 0.

Abstract: A method for continuously casting grain oriented electrical steel is disclosed. This method utilizes a controlled rapid cooling step, such as one using a water spray, to control the grain orientation in the finished product. The product formed not only has the appropriate grain orientation but also has good physical properties, for example, minimized cracking. In this process, after a continuously cast electrical steel strip is formed, the strip undergoes an initial secondary cooling to from about 1150 to about 1250° C., and finally undergoes a rapid secondary cooling (for example, by water spray) at a rate of from about 65° C./second to about 150° C./second to a temperature of no greater than about 950° C.

Abstract: In a method of producing a strip suitable for further processing to yield a (110)[001] grain oriented electrical steel from a thin strip such as a continuously cast thin strip the thin cast strip is processed to promote recrystallization from the surface layer of the strip (S=0) into the quarter thickness of the strip (S=0.2 to 0.3).

Abstract: A method for continuously casting grain oriented electrical steel is disclosed. This method utilizes a controlled rapid cooling step, such as one using a water spray, to control the grain orientation in the finished product. The product formed not only has the appropriate grain orientation but also has good physical properties, for example, minimized cracking. In this process, after a continuously cast electrical steel strip is formed, the strip undergoes an initial secondary cooling to from about 1150 to about 1250° C., and finally undergoes a rapid secondary cooling (for example, by water spray) at a rate of from about 65° C./second to about 150° C./second to a temperature of no greater than about 950° C.

Abstract: A system for measuring the relative elongation of portions of a moving steel strip. A number of capacitive sensors positioned above one surface of the moving strip monitor the distance between each sensor and the surface of the strip. This information is processed through a geometrical relationship to calculate the percent relative elongation at one sensing position with respect to another. The calculation may be performed instantaneously, or result from several measurements averaged over a cell length. Provision is made for greater accuracy in cases where waviness of the strip results in the occurrence of more than a predetermined number of waves during a cell length. Wave steepness, wave periodicity, and categorization of relative length information are also provided by the processing.

Abstract: Method and apparatus for monitoring the flatness characteristic of a moving electrically conducting strip of material by continuously measuring the change in capacitance between the strip surface and a fixed point adjacent the surface. The capacitance is measured by means of a sensor having an active plate surrounded by a guard plate for eliminating stray capacitance, both plates being impressed with a high frequency signal. Changes in capacitance associated with both plates are eliminated while changes in capacitance associated with only the active plate are covered to a voltage proportional to the inverse of the spacing between the active plate and the strip surface. A plurality of the sensors may be spaced across the width of the plate for providing a profile of the strip flatness characteristics. The sensor finds particular application for monitoring and characterizing bottom buckles in steel strip following high temperature annealing.