Abstract: Method and apparatus for a training system for improvised explosive devices (IEDs). An IED training system can include an inert explosive component that can resemble a large round, rocket propelled grenade (RPG), or the like. Various triggers can activate visual and/or audio devices in response to triggering the system, such as by a motion sensor or trainer action.

Abstract: The invention is a system and method for simulating a chemical process across multiple computers in communication with each other. The system and method operate by receiving input representing parameters for the chemical process to be simulated. The chemical process is partitioned into a plurality of sections based on said parameters. Each partitioned section is assigned to a computer having simulation programs. The operation of each simulation program is scheduled on each computer so that the chemical process is accurately simulated. The operation of at least one simulation program is initiated. Process data representing materials in the chemical process is transmitted from one remote computer to a second remote computer. Information representing the status of the chemical process simulation is output.

Abstract: A noncollinear pumped solid state Raman laser or amplifier has a pump laser that transversely or noncollinearly pumps a solid state Raman gain material, with an intensity sufficient to produce a stimulated Raman laser output beam. The pump beam and the Raman beam are noncollinear when the Raman beam travels completely across the pump beam within the Raman gain material, or where the Raman beam completely separates physically, at some location in the pumped Raman gain material, from a virtual beam, which is collinear to the pump beam axis, and which has the same entrance spot size and beam divergence as the Raman beam. The device enhances the pump laser beam spatial homogenization to improve the wavefront smoothness and propagation performance from the pump beam to the Raman beam.

Abstract: A noncollinear pumped solid state Raman laser or amplifier has a pump laser that transversely or noncollinearly pumps a solid state Raman gain material, with an intensity sufficient to produce a stimulated Raman laser output beam. The pump beam and the Raman beam are noncollinear when the Raman beam travels completely across the pump beam within the Raman gain material, or where the Raman beam completely separates physically, at some location in the pumped Raman gain material, from a virtual beam, which is collinear to the pump beam axis, and which has the same entrance spot size and beam divergence as the Raman beam. The device enhances the pump laser beam spatial homogenization to improve the wavefront smoothness and propagation performance from the pump beam to the Raman beam.

Abstract: The load carrying vehicle includes a vehicle framework supported by road wheels, and railroad wheels are mounted on the framework and are movable up and down with respect to the framework for engaging the rails of a railroad track for supporting the vehicle from a railroad track. A load support framework is rotatably mounted on the vehicle framework about an upwardly extending axis, and a dump body is pivotally mounted on the load support framework about a horizontal axis, so that the dump body can be rotated and tilted with respect to the vehicle framework to dump its load at various positions about the vehicle.