Abstract: A switch comprising a spin-transistor and a first control wire. The spin-transistor is configured so that when a magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor is less than a threshold value, the transistor is in a conductive state in which electric current flows through the spin-transistor. When the magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor is greater than the threshold value, the spin-transistor is in a resistive state in which the electric current flowing through the spin-transistor is substantially reduced. The first control wire is for receiving a current to affect the magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor.

Abstract: A switch comprising a spin-transistor and a first control wire. The spin-transistor is configured so that when a magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor is less than a threshold value, the transistor is in a conductive state in which electric current flows through the spin-transistor. When the magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor is greater than the threshold value, the spin-transistor is in a resistive state in which the electric current flowing through the spin-transistor is substantially reduced. The first control wire is for receiving a current to affect the magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor.

Abstract: An emitter-coupled spin-transistor includes an emitter, a collector and a base. A first control wire receives an input current to create a magnetic field that affects amplification of the spin-transistor. A second transistor also includes an emitter, a collector and a base, where the emitter of the second transistor is coupled to the emitter of the spin-transistor to provide a logic circuit.

Abstract: Techniques for scheduling an application program running on a multiprocessor computer system are disclosed. Example methods include but are not limited to analyzing first, second, third, and fourth core components for any within-die process variation, determining an operating state of the first, second, third and fourth core components, selecting optimum core components for each component type with the aid of bloom filters, statically determining which core component types are used by the application program, and scheduling the application program to run on a core having an optimum core component for a core component type used by the application program.

Abstract: In accordance with the disclosed subject matter there is provided a method for segregating threads running in a computer system, and executing the threads according to this categorization.

Abstract: Techniques for scheduling a thread running in a computer system are disclosed. Example computer systems may include but are not limited to a multiprocessor having first and second cores, an operating system, and a memory bank for storing data. The example methods may include but are not limited to measuring a temperature of the memory bank and determining whether the thread includes a request for data stored in the memory bank, if the temperature of the memory bank exceeds a predetermined temperature. The methods may further include but are not limited to slowing down the execution of the thread upon determining if the thread includes a request for data.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally describes systems, methods and devices for operating a computer system with memory based scheduling. The computer system may include one or more of an application program and a memory controller in communication with memory banks. The memory controller may include a scheduler for scheduling requests. The application program may select a scheduling algorithm for scheduling requests from a plurality of scheduling algorithms. The application program may instruct the scheduler to schedule requests using the selected scheduling algorithm.

Abstract: Systems and methods for controlling power consumption in a computer system. For each of a plurality of interactive applications, the method changes a frequency at which a processor of the computer system runs, receives an indication of user satisfaction, determines a relationship between the changed frequency and the user satisfaction of the interactive application, and stores the determined relationship information. The determined relationship can distinguish between different users and different interactive applications. A frequency may be selected from the discrete frequencies at which the processor of the computer system runs based on the determined relationship information for a particular user and a particular interactive application running on the processor of the computer system. The processor may be adapted to run at the selected frequency.

Abstract: A system and method for leveraging physiological traits to control microprocessor frequency are disclosed. In some embodiments, the system and method may optimize, for example, a particular processor-based architecture based on, for example, end user satisfaction. In some embodiments, the system and method may determine, for example, whether their users are satisfied to provide higher efficiency, improved reliability, reduced power consumption, increased security, and a better user experience. The system and method may use, for example, biometric input devices to provide information about a user's physiological traits to a computer system. Biometric input devices may include, for example, one or more of the following: an eye tracker, a galvanic skin response sensor, and/or a force sensor.

Abstract: A switch comprising a spin-transistor and a first control wire. The spin-transistor is configured so that when a magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor is less than a threshold value, the transistor is in a conductive state in which electric current flows through the spin-transistor. When the magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor is greater than the threshold value, the spin-transistor is in a resistive state in which the electric current flowing through the spin-transistor is substantially reduced. The first control wire is for receiving a current to affect the magnetic field applied to the spin-transistor.

Abstract: In accordance with the disclosed subject matter there are described techniques for segregating requests issued by threads running in a computer system.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally describes methods and systems for spectrum sensing within a cognitive radio. Example methods may include but are not limited to scanning radio frequencies within an initial portion of the radio frequency spectrum and analyzing the frequencies scanned within the initial portion. Example methods may also include but are not limited to dividing the initial portion into first and second portions, and selecting one of the first and second portions for further analysis.

Abstract: In accordance with various embodiments methods, systems and devices are described for transmitting a communication. The described methods include, but are not limited to, detecting spectrum holes and dividing the communication into first and second portions. The methods may also include transmitting the first portion at a first frequency and the second portion at a second frequency. The first and second frequencies may be different from each other, and the first and second frequencies may be within the spectrum holes.

Abstract: Certain embodiments of the present invention provide a method for power management including determining at least one of an operating frequency and an operating voltage for a processor and configuring the processor based on the determined at least one of the operating frequency and the operating voltage. The operating frequency is determined based at least in part on direct user input. The operating voltage is determined based at least in part on an individual profile for processor.

Abstract: In accordance with various embodiments methods, systems and devices are generally described for assigning a reputation value to a cognitive device in a communications system. Some of the described methods may include one or more of generating reputation value information, assigning a reputation value associated with the cognitive device, based on the reputation value information, and transmitting the reputation value associated with the cognitive device, to the cognitive radio. In addition, some other described methods may include one or more of associating a reputation value with the cognitive device, receiving cognitive information from the cognitive device, and performing a cognitive task using the cognitive information based on the reputation value exceeding a threshold value.

Abstract: The present disclosure generally describes methods and systems for spectrum sensing within a cognitive radio. Example methods may include but are not limited to scanning radio frequencies within an initial portion of the radio frequency spectrum and analyzing the frequencies scanned within the initial portion. Example methods may also include but are not limited to dividing the initial portion into first and second portions, and selecting one of the first and second portions for further analysis.

Abstract: Techniques for determining whether or not a cognitive device may perform a cognitive task are disclosed. A cognitive device may be arranged in communication with a communications device. The cognitive device may include a cognitive receiver, an antenna, and a time and/or location determining device. The communications device may include a cognitive radio, a portable power source, and an antenna. Example cognitive devices may be configured to use time and/or location information, to determine whether or not to perform a cognitive task or determine whether to perform a cognitive task a certain way. The cognitive device may be arranged to communicate cognitive information to the communications device based on whether the cognitive task was performed.

Abstract: Cognitive radio devices, methods and systems are generally described. In some examples a communication system includes a cognitive device and a communications device. The cognitive device may include a cognitive receiver for processing a cognitive task, an antenna for receiving radio frequencies in communication with the receiver, and a communications port. The communications device may include a cognitive radio having a processor in communication with a cognitive receiver and a cognitive transmitter. The communications device may also include a portable power source in communication with the cognitive radio and an antenna for sending and receiving signals. A communications port can be arranged in communication with the communications device, where cognitive information can be communicated with the communications device.

Abstract: In accordance with various embodiments, methods, systems and apparatuses for transmitting communications are generally described. Initial information to be transmitted with initial transmission characteristics can be received. Spectrum holes can be found in the communication signal spectrum. The initial communication having initial transmission characteristics can be converted into a new communication including the initial information and new transmission characteristics. The new transmission characteristics are different from the initial transmission characteristics, where the new communication can be transmitted at one or more frequencies identified with the spectrum holes.

Abstract: In accordance with various embodiments methods, systems and devices are described for transmitting a communication. The described methods include, but are not limited to, detecting spectrum holes and dividing the communication into first and second portions. The methods may also include transmitting the first portion at a first frequency and the second portion at a second frequency. The first and second frequencies may be different from each other, and the first and second frequencies may be within the spectrum holes.