Abstract: Pliers made from a plastic material which is preferably reinforced with glass fibers and made with two lever members hinged together to provide gripping jaws at one end and handles at the other end. The jaws are dimensioned to be slightly elastic and have their meeting faces angled so the faces diverge from the front back toward the hinge and increased pressure on the handle will clamp and deflect the jaws until the faces are in abutment and stops on the handle side of the hinge limit and prevent the jaw deflection movement beyond their full abutment disposition. A plastic resilient member acts on the handles to urge them apart. Auxiliary gripping devices can be attached to extend beyond the nose portions of the jaws.

Abstract: Contact carriers for relays are produced by electrochemically plating sheets of electrically conductive nonmagnetic metal with iron. The sheets have a width corresponding to the intended length of the contact carriers. The sheets are then cut in strips across the width of the sheets to form the contact carriers. The sheets can be plated on one or both sides. Following the plating step and before cutting the strips from the sheet, the sheet can be mechanically treated, as by rolling, to increase the resiliency of the sheet. The sheet can be masked during the plating operation to produce contact carriers with unplated portions on the plated sides of the carriers. A contact element can be mounted on the plated or unplated portion of the contact carrier and more than one contact element can be mounted on each carrier. The contact carriers and contact elements can be arranged in relays in many combinations utilizing the forces of attraction and repulsion.