Abstract: The decision to discard or forward a packet is made by a flow control mechanism, upstream from the forwarding engine in the node of a communication network. The forwarding engine includes a switch with mechanism to detect congestion in the switch and return a binary signal B indicating congestion or no congestion. The flow control mechanism uses B and other network related information to generate a probability transmission table against which received packets are tested to determine proactively whether a packet is to be discarded or forwarded.

Abstract: Modems, methods, and computer program products for falling back to a low speed mode of operation upon detection of abnormal line conditions during startup perform a first phase of a multiphase startup procedure in accordance with a high speed mode of operation. A determination is then made whether the line conditions will support high speed communication. If a high speed connection cannot be established, then subsequent phases of the startup procedure will be performed in accordance with the low speed mode of operation. Otherwise, subsequent phases of the startup procedure will be performed in accordance with the high speed mode of operation.

Abstract: An aircraft including an approach and landing system, including a navigation unit for providing navigation information, a weather radar unit for providing radar information, a processor which receives navigation information from the navigation unit and information from the weather radar unit, the processor unit providing an output representing information concerning the aircraft in accordance with the provided navigation information and radar information, a memory for storing information representing a scene, the processor unit correlating the stored scene information with the output representing information concerning the aircraft to provide a mapped scene, a display unit for displaying the output of said processor and the mapped scene, and a steppable frequency oscillator for providing a signal which is stepped in frequency to the weather radar unit, thereby providing an increased range resolution.

Abstract: Decision feedback equalizers having a stabilization capability, and methods and computer program products for stabilizing a decision feedback equalizer under severe error conditions use output samples from an equalizer to determine whether a severe error event has occurred in accordance with predefined criteria. If a severe error occurs, then a determination is made to evaluate whether the number of severe errors that have occurred has exceeded a threshold. If the threshold has been exceeded, then the coefficients for the filter(s) in the decision feedback equalizer are preserved in their current state. Severe errors can cause the equalizer filter coefficients to be pulled away from their normal operating values, which can result in several modulation cycles passing before the coefficients are restored.

Abstract: An aircraft including an approach and landing system, including a navigation unit for providing navigation information, a weather radar unit for providing radar information, a processor which receives navigation information from the navigation unit and information from the weather radar unit, the processor unit providing an output representing information concerning the aircraft in accordance with the provided navigation information and radar information, a memory for storing information representing a scene, the processor unit correlating the stored scene information with the output representing information concerning the aircraft to provide a mapped scene, a display unit for displaying the output of said processor and the mapped scene, and a steppable frequency oscillator for providing a signal which is stepped in frequency to the weather radar unit, thereby providing an increased range resolution.

Abstract: A cache based processing system is provided with a loop detection circuit for detecting the entry into and termination of program loops and for enabling peripheral device access to the main memory after completion of the first pass through the loop and terminating access when the program leaves the loop.

Abstract: A method and system for prefetching data from storage and storing the data in a cache memory for use by an executing program includes means for detecting when a program has entered a processing loop and has completed at least one pass through the processing loop. At the completion of one pass through the processing loop, determining the requirement for additional data and prefetching the required data. Monitoring the operation of the program to detect termination of loop processing and terminating the prefetch of data from storage until the detection of a subsequent program loop.

Abstract: An aircraft including an approach and landing system, including a navigation unit for providing navigation information, a weather radar unit for providing radar information, a processor which receives navigation information from the navigation unit and information from the weather radar unit, the processor unit providing an output representing information concerning the aircraft in accordance with the provided navigation information and radar information, a memory for storing information representing a scene, the processor unit correlating the stored scene information with the output representing information concerning the aircraft to provide a mapped scene, a display unit for displaying the output of said processor and the mapped scene, and a steppable frequency oscillator for providing a signal which is stepped in frequency to the weather radar unit, thereby providing an increased range resolution.

Abstract: A method and system in a data processing system are disclosed for the retransmission of only a portion of a data packet which had originally been transmitted incorrectly. A first data link is established between a first computer system and a second computer system. In response to the establishment of the first data link, a second data link is established between the first and second computer systems, whereby the first and second data links are related. A plurality of data packets are transmitted from the first computer system to the second computer system utilizing the first data link. Each of the data packets includes a plurality of segments. A determination is made whether each of the plurality of data packets is received correctly. In response to a determination that one of the plurality of data packets is received incorrectly, a portion of the data packet which was transmitted incorrectly is determined.

Abstract: Communication, using a synchronous protocol, over a synchronous communications link, between synchronous application programs executed on a terminal (i.e., personal computer, PC) with an asynchronous byte-oriented interface and a PC with a synchronous frame orientated interface is made possible by enhancing the PC with the asynchronous byte-oriented interface with a device which modifies the data to be transmitted by inserting framing flags and transparency characters before the data passes through the COMM port (asynchronous byte-oriented interface) and extracting the transparency characters after the data exits the COMM port. As a consequence, the PC with the frame-oriented interface does not have to be modified.

Abstract: A method and system in a data communications system are disclosed for the establishment of multiple, related data links and the utilization of one of the data links for error correction of transmission errors occurring on the other data link. A first data link is established between a first computer system and a second computer system. In response to the establishment of the first data link, a second, related data link is established between the first and second computer systems. A plurality of data packets are transmitted from the first computer system to the second computer system utilizing the first data link. A determination is made whether each of the plurality of data packets is received correctly. In response to each determination that one of the plurality of data packets is not received correctly, the second computer system transmits a selective rejection packet for the one of the plurality of data packets to the first computer system utilizing the second data link.

Abstract: An aircraft including an approach and landing system, including a navigation unit for providing navigation information, a weather radar unit for providing radar information, a processor which receives navigation information from the navigation unit and information from the weather radar unit, the processor unit providing an output representing information concerning the aircraft in accordance with the provided navigation information and radar information, a memory for storing information representing a scene, the processor unit correlating the stored scene information with the output representing information concerning the aircraft to provide a mapped scene, a display unit for displaying the output of said processor and the mapped scene, and a steppable frequency oscillator for providing a signal which is stepped in frequency to the weather radar unit, thereby providing an increased range resolution.

Abstract: Communication, using a synchronous protocol, over a synchronous communications link, between synchronous application programs executed on a terminal (i.e., personal computer, PC) with an asynchronous byte-oriented interface and a PC with a synchronous frame orientated interface is made possible by enhancing the PC with the asynchronous byte-oriented interface with a device which modifies the data to be transmitted by inserting framing flags and transparency characters before the data passes through the COMM port (asynchronous byte-oriented interface) and extracting the transparency characters after the data exits the COMM port. As a consequence, the PC with the frame-oriented interface does not have to be modified.

Abstract: A switch mode power supply comprises: a transformer (T1). A switch (Q4) alternately opens and closes a current path through a primary winding (L1) of the transformer in response to a pulse switching signal. An oscillator (110) generates the switching signal and synchronises the switching signal to a synchronisation signal (HSYNC') from an external source. A pulse width modulator (140) varies the pulse width of the switching signal in dependence upon a feedback signal indicative of a load on the power supply. A current limiter (150) turns off the switch to close the current path in response to current in the primary winding exceeding a threshold. Compensation means (160) is provided for varying the threshold in dependence upon the frequency of the synchronisation signal.

Abstract: In an communication system including a computer system comprising a digital signal processing adapter for performing a-set of tasks, and a E-1 port for providing and receiving time division multiplexed (TDM) signals in accordance with a first inter-system communication protocol, such as the E-1 or T-1 protocols, a communication subsystem, for coupling to the IP system. The communication subsystem includes an E-1 link for coupling to the first I/O port, and for providing and receiving TDM signals in accordance with the E-1 or T-1 protocols. The subsystem further includes a digital signal processor adapter, coupled to the second I/O port, for enhancing processing capability of the digital signal processing resource; and a third I/O port, coupled to the digital signal processor circuit, for providing and receiving signals in accordance with the first or a second inter-system communication protocol.

Abstract: A system and method for producing a form and label combination product with a reduced tendency to curl is provided. Paper stock forms the form and label face while liner stock covers the hot melt pressure sensitive adhesive. A dryer dries the paper stock so the combined paper stock and liner expand substantially the same amount when reaching moisture equilibrium with the environment and have a reduced tendency to curl.

Abstract: Apparatus and method for providing virtual DMA capability for an adapter card connected to a host system bus with no DMA support. A special interface circuit resides on an adapter card together with a cache data memory. A special software driver resides in the host system. The software driver manages DMA transfers for the application processing circuitry on the adapter card using the cache data memory. The processing circuitry on the adapter card transfers data in and out of the cache data memory as if it had direct memory access to host system memory. In this way, an adapter card for a non-DMA-capable bus, such as the personal computer memory card international association (PCMCIA) bus can act as a bus master.

Abstract: An aircraft including an approach and landing system, including a navigation unit for providing navigation information, a weather radar unit for providing radar information, a processor which receives navigation information from the navigation unit and information from the weather radar unit, the processor unit providing an output representing information concerning the aircraft in accordance with the provided navigation information and radar information, a memory for storing information representing a scene, the processor unit correlating the stored scene information with the output representing information concerning the aircraft to provide a mapped scene, a display unit for displaying the output of said processor and the mapped scene, and a steppable frequency oscillator for providing a signal which is stepped in frequency to the weather radar unit, thereby providing an increased range resolution.

Abstract: A multiple ply label has an extension that includes a bar code symbol and the extension is folded under the label ply when the label is attached to an article for the purpose of protecting the bar code symbol. Another embodiment of the multiple ply label has a cutout portion that allows a bar code symbol to be positioned so as to be partially covered by an overlying ply when the label is attached to an article for the purpose of protecting one portion of the bar code symbol while exposing the other portion of the symbol. The overlying layers or plies of the multiple ply label can be removed at successive stations while protecting the bar code symbol.

Abstract: Radar wave energy entering aircraft engine cavities is substantially disped by providing within such cavities surfaces having perturbations or dipoles which interact with the electromagnetic energy within the cavity interior, causing the reflected energy to be defocused or scattered over a broad range of angles thereby substantially lowering the radar cross section of the cavities.