Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of treatment for paper or board including an oligoester, obtained by polycondensation of a) from 40 to 52 mol % of one or more dicarboxylic acids or esters thereof, b) from 10 to 40 mol % of ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol, c) from 3 to 20 mol % of polyethylene glycol, d) from 0.5 to 10 mol % of a water-soluble addition product of from 5 to 80 mol of an alkylene oxide with 1 mol of C1-C24-alcohols, C6-C18-alkylphenols or C8-C24-alkylamines and e) from 0.4 to 10 mol % of one or more polyols having from 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups, wherein the oligoester is applied to a paper or board. The treated paper or board exhibits increased gluability and surface energy.

Abstract: The present invention is directed to a method of treatment for paper or board including an oligoester, obtained by polycondensation of a) from 40 to 52 mol % of one or more dicarboxylic acids or esters thereof, b) from 10 to 40 mol % of ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol, c) from 3 to 20 mol % of polyethylene glycol, d) from 0.5 to 10 mol % of a water-soluble addition product of from 5 to 80 mol of an alkylene oxide with 1 mol of C1-C24-alcohols, C6-C18-alkylphenols or C8-C24-alkylamines and e) from 0.4 to 10 mol % of one or more polyols having from 3 to 6 hydroxyl groups, wherein the oligoester is applied to a paper or board. The treated paper or board exhibits increased gluability and surface energy.

Abstract: A working machine includes a working arm, the arm in use, carrying a working implement, the arm being raisable and lowerable about a generally horizontal axis by a power operated device, a cab structure for an operator, an engine for providing power to a ground engaging drive structure to drive the machine over the ground and for operating the working arm, each of the working arm, the cab structure and the engine being mounted on a machine chassis, and the machine being characterized in that the chassis includes a single primary chassis member which provides a substantial resistance to torsional deformation of the machine between the front and rear ends of the machine, the single primary chassis member including a first part which extends longitudinally of the machine at the one side of the machine, and a second part which extends transversely of the first part at or towards one end of the machine.

Abstract: A working machine includes a working arm, the arm in use, carrying a working implement, the arm being raisable and lowerable about a generally horizontal axis by a power operated device, a cab structure for an operator, an engine for providing power to a ground engaging drive structure to drive the machine over the ground and for operating the working arm, each of the working arm, the cab structure and the engine being mounted on a machine chassis, and the machine being characterised in that the chassis includes a single primary chassis member which provides a substantial resistance to torsional deformation of the machine between the front and rear ends of the machine, the single primary chassis member including a first part which extends longitudinally of the machine at the one side of the machine, and a second part which extends transversely of the first part at or towards one end of the machine.