Abstract: Multiple pins are affixed in the holes of a ceramic substrate by simultaneously impacting the pins with a piston assembly which temporarily places the pins in a viscoelastic fluid state. Upon return of the pins and the resultant fluid flow to its undisturbed solid state, each pin is left with an extension that is in interlocking engaged relationship with the ceramic particles of the substrate in the region surrounding the particular holes in which the pins have been located.The piston assembly is driven by a pneumatic high pressure system which is adjustable to the number of pins being simultaneously impacted. Release of the piston assembly is delayed until the air pressure becomes stabilized prior to impact. A vacuum pressure system returns the piston to its originating position after impact whereupon the piston assembly is ready for the next impact cycle.

Abstract: 4-(3-Nitrophenyl)pyridine, an intermediate useful in the preparation of 1-(lower-alkyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-pyridyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylates, which are useful as antibacterial agents, is prepared by reacting 3-nitrobenzaldehyde with two molar equivalents of di-(lower-alkyl) oxalacetate (II) in the presence of a catalytic condensing agent, preferably piperidine and/or its acetate, to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,5-pentanedione-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylate (III), reacting III with ammonia to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 1,4-dihydro-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylate (IV), oxidizing IV to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylate (V), hydrolyzing V to produce 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylic acid (VI) and decarboxylating VI to produce 4-(3-nitrophenyl)pyridine (VI). Intermediates III, IV, V and VI are novel.

Abstract: 4-(3-Nitrophenylpyridine and intermediate useful in the preparation of 1-(lower-alkyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-pyridyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylates, which are useful as antibacterial agents, is prepared by reacting 3-nitrobenzaldehyde with two molar equivalents of di-(lower-alkyl) oxalacetate (II) in the presence of a catalytic condensing agent, preferably piperidine and/or its acetate, to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,5-pentanedione-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylate (III), reacting III with ammonia to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 1,4-dihydro-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylate (IV), oxidizing IV to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylate (V), hydrolyzing V to produce 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylic acid (VI) and decarboxylating VI to produce 4-(3-nitrophenyl)pyridine (VI). Intermediates III, IV, V and VI are novel.

Abstract: 4-(3-Nitrophenyl)pyridine, an intermediate useful in the preparation of 1-(lower-alkyl)-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-7-(4-pyridyl)-3-quinolinecarboxylates, which are useful as anti-bacterial agents, is prepared by reacting 3-nitrobenzaldehyde with two molar equivalents of di-lower-alkyl) oxalacetate (II) in the presence of a catalytic condensing agent, preferably piperidine and/or its acetate, to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 3-(3-nitrophenyl)-1,5-pentanedione-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylate (III), reacting III with ammonia to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 1,4-dihydro-4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylate (IV), oxidizing IV to produce tetra-(lower-alkyl) 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylate (V), hydrolyzing V to produce 4-(3-nitrophenyl)-2,3,5,6-pyridinetetracarboxylic acid (VI) and decarboxylating VI to produce 4-(3-nitrophenyl)pyridine (VII). Intermediates III, IV, V and VI are novel.