Abstract: A transducer structure for converting a deformation along an axis into a corresponding deformation on a plane orthogonal to the axis itself, including: two end plates facing each other and aligned along a common reference axis (X); connection members projecting radially from each end plate according to respective different directions; lateral bars connecting the end plates to one another through two connection members. The connection members are deformable within respective deformation planes to allow relative movements between the end plates and the lateral bars such as to convert an axial movement of mutual approach between the two end plates into a corresponding radial movement of the lateral bars away from the reference axis (X), and vice-versa.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for performing optical analyses in a harsh environment are disclosed. Some of the systems and methods of the present disclosure include fluorescence, absorption, and reflectance detection using a drum spectrometer. Other systems and methods of the present disclosure include a measurement channel and a parallel reference channel concurrently filtering optical signals.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a boron-containing additive in a non-aqueous lubricant composition as an inhibit or of lead corrosion associated with ashless, organic ester, anti-wear additives and/or friction modifiers.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a metallic or non-metallic detergent which is a hydrocarbyl-substituted salicylic acid or a derivative thereof in a non-aqueous lubricant composition as an inhibitor of lead corrosion associated with ashless, organic ester, anti-wear additives and/or friction modifiers.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a compound has the formula (I) where: R1 and R2 are alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R3, R4 and R5 are H or alkyl (formula II); R6 is alkyl or where: R7 and R8 are H, alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R9 is H or alkyl; X is alkylene or is absent; and p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and m and n are 0, 1, 2 or 3 provided that m is 0 when R4 and R5 are H. The compound is suitable for use as a base stock which provides low volatility for a given viscosity profile. The compound may be used in a lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: In some embodiments, a compound has the formula (I) where: R1 and R2 are alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R3, R4 and R5 are H or alkyl (formula II); R6 is alkyl or where: R7 and R8 are H, alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R9 is H or alkyl; X is alkylene or is absent; and p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and m and n are 0, 1, 2 or 3 provided that m is 0 when R4 and R5 are H. The compound is suitable for use as a base stock which provides low volatility for a given viscosity profile. The compound may be used in a lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: A transducer structure for converting a deformation along an axis into a corresponding deformation on a plane orthogonal to the axis itself, including: two end plates facing each other and aligned along a common reference axis (X); connection members projecting radially from each end plate according to respective different directions; lateral bars connecting the end plates to one another through two connection members. The connection members are deformable within respective deformation planes to allow relative movements between the end plates and the lateral bars such as to convert an axial movement of mutual approach between the two end plates into a corresponding radial movement of the lateral bars away from the reference axis (X), and vice-versa.

Abstract: Apparatus and methods for performing optical analyses in a harsh environment are disclosed. Some of the systems and methods of the present disclosure include fluorescence, absorption, and reflectance detection using a drum spectrometer. Other systems and methods of the present disclosure include a measurement channel and a parallel reference channel concurrently filtering optical signals.

Abstract: The present invention provides a lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine comprising a base oil of lubricating viscosity, wherein the base oil comprises an ether base stock of formula (A): where: Ra and Rb are aliphatic hydrocarbyl groups and may be the same or different; wherein at least one of Ra and Rb is branched-chain alkyl, alkoxy-substituted-alkyl or cycloalkyl-substituted-alkyl; the lubricant composition further comprising: i) at least one molybdenum compound as a lubricant additive which is present, on a molybdenum element basis, in an amount of at least 0.06% by weight of the lubricant composition; or ii) at least one polymethacrylate compound as a lubricant additive which is present in an amount of from 0.1 to 7.5% by weight of the lubricant composition.

Abstract: An apparatus configured to control fluid distribution between at least one fluid circulation system (2) associated with equipment (3) and at least two replaceable fluid containers (4), the apparatus having: a fluid path (5) configured to couple to at least one fluid port (6) of the fluid circulation system (2), and to at least one fluid port (7) of each of the replaceable fluid containers (4), the fluid path (5) having at least one valve (8) between the fluid circulation system (2) and at least one replaceable fluid container (4); and a control apparatus (9) configured to control the at least one valve (8) to control the flow of fluid between the fluid circulation system (2) and the at least two replaceable fluid containers (4).

Abstract: In some embodiments, a compound has the formula (I) where: R1 and R2 are alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R3, R4 and R5 are H or alkyl (formula II); R6 is alkyl or where: R7 and R8 are H, alkyl or, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached, cycloalkyl; R9 is H or alkyl; X is alkylene or is absent; and p is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and m and n are 0, 1, 2 or 3 provided that m is 0 when R4 and R5 are H. The compound is suitable for use as a base stock which provides low volatility for a given viscosity profile. The compound may be used in a lubricant composition for an internal combustion engine.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a boron-containing additive in a non-aqueous lubricant composition as an inhibit or of lead corrosion associated with ashless, organic ester, anti-wear additives and/or friction modifiers.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of an oil-soluble mono-, di-, or tri-glyceride of at least one hydroxy polycarboxylic acid, or a derivative thereof, as an anti-camshaft-wear additive in a non-aqueous lubricant composition and/or in a fuel composition.

Abstract: This invention relates to the use of a metallic or non-metallic detergent which is a hydrocarbyl-substituted salicylic acid or a derivative thereof in a non-aqueous lubricant composition as an inhibitor of lead corrosion associated with ashless, organic ester, anti-wear additives and/or friction modifiers.

Abstract: An improved remote control that includes a manual alert mechanism for alerting and providing channel information to television viewer when a regularly viewed television program is about to begin. The improved remote control preferably includes an alerting mechanism having an automatic alert mode whereby, in addition to providing the audible and visual alerting alarms and the channel information of the manual alert mechanism, the automatic alert mode causes the remote control to turn on the television if it is not currently on and to tune the television to the channel of the desired program.

Abstract: In a method of operating an internal combustion engine, a nitrogen-containing detergent composition is introduced into a combustion chamber of the engine wherein the detergent composition can improve the performance of both a fuel composition and a lubricating oil of the engine. The detergent composition contains (A) a reaction product of a hydrocarbyl-substituted acylating agent and an amine, (B) a hydrocarbyl-substituted amine, (C) a Mannich reaction product, (D) a high molecular weight polyetheramine, or (E) a mixture thereof.

Abstract: A dispersant composition comprising the product of an amine, an alcohol, or an amino alcohol, with a hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydride component exhibits improved viscosity stability and reduced chlorine content, when the hydrocarbyl-substituted succinic anhydride component comprises: (a) 10 to 95 weight percent of a component prepared by reacting a polyisobutylene with maleic anhydride in the presence of chlorine; and (b) 5 to 90 weight percent of a component prepared by reacting a polyisobutylene with maleic anhydride in the substantial absence of chlorine.

Abstract: Use of a lubricating oil composition comprising, or made by admixing, a major amount of oil of lubricating viscosity, and minor amounts of (A) a dispersant additive composition and (B) a detergent additive composition, wherein the oil composition gives a sulfated ash content of at most 1.0 mass %; has a total base number (TBN) of 4 to 9.5; has at least 0.08 mass % of nitrogen derived from the dispersant additive composition, based on the mass of the oil composition; and has at least 25 mmol of soap per 1000 g of the oil composition derived from the detergent additive composition, to improve the cleanliness of pistons in an engine.

Abstract: An improved remote control that includes a manual alert mechanism for alerting and providing channel information to television viewer when a regularly viewed television program is about to begin. The improved remote control preferably includes an alerting mechanism having an automatic alert mode whereby, in addition to providing the audible and visual alerting alarms and the channel information of the manual alert mechanism, the automatic alert mode causes the remote control to turn on the television if it is not currently on and to tune the television to the channel of the desired program.

Abstract: An apparatus for controlling the opening and closing operation of a liquid flow valve dispensing fluid fed thereto from a reservoir, using the inherent gas pressure from the reservoir, comprising in combination (a) an actuator means operably connected to the flow valve for opening and closing the same; and (b) control means for controlling the operation of the actuator means, the control means comprising circuitry having pneumatic linear timer means and pneumatic control valve means operably connected one to another and to the actuator means. Also disclosed is a method of controlling the opening and/or closing operation of a liquid flow valve dispensing liquid fed thereto from a reservoir, using the inherent gas pressure from the reservoir.