Abstract: A stub-support arrangement for a coaxial transmission line wherein the line has inner and outer conductors and the stub is in the form f oppositely disposed stubs each having a length of 1/8 wavelength at the center operating frequency or less. One of the stubs is an open-circuit stub and the other is a short-circuit stub. In the case of the stubs being of 1/8 wavelength, the characteristic admittances of the stubs are equal and in the case of the stubs being less than 1/8 wavelength the characteristic admittance of the open-circuit stub becomes larger and that of the short-circuit stub becomes smaller as the physical length of the stub is reduced.

Abstract: A compact apparatus for the accurate measurement of complex reflection coefficients and VSWR of a device over either a waveguide bandwidth or multi-octave bandwidth by preferably measuring two power levels at detectors associated with the device. The device is formed by a main coupling means which in one embodiment is a main guide arm having means for receiving a test signal and means for transmitting the signal to the device being measured. In addition to the main coupling means (arms) there are also provided detector arms each having a detector associated therewith and means coupling signals from the main arm to the detector arms with the overall design being controlled in accordance with relatively simple formulae. The techniques of the invention are embodied herein in a waveguide embodiment, a stripline embodiment and a quasi-optical embodiment of the invention.

Abstract: A coaxial microwave divider network employing a quarter wavelength long grounded stub for providing support for the center conductor of the divider and also providing improved heat dissipation of the center conductor. Also, this form of stub support permits the center conductor to be supported without a dielectric thereby reducing the insertion loss. Consequently, improved CW power handling performance is possible in comparison with prior designs. Moreover, with the proper choice of the stub admittance level, the input VSWR can also be improved in comparison with a design which employs multi-section matching transformers only at the input.

Abstract: A compact apparatus for the accurate measurement of complex reflection coefficients and VSWR of a device over a bandwidth of an octave or greater by preferably measuring three power levels at detectors associated with the device. The device is formed by the junction of 5 transmission lines two of which are used for receiving a test signal and for transmitting the signal to the device being measured. The other three transmission lines are connected to detector arms each having a detector associated therewith. The techniques of the invention are embodied herein in a waveguide embodiment, a stripline embodiment and a microstrip embodiment of the invention.

Abstract: The invention is an improvement over the conventional branch guide directional coupler and gives better performance by providing flatter coupling over a broader band. A branch guide (line) directional coupler fundamentally is a four port electrical network. The invention improves the performance of the conventional branch guide coupler by employing matching devices at the ports of the fundamental network. In most embodiments of the invention, it is contemplated that matching devices will be used at each of the ports and that all those matching devices will be of like construction. However, it is not essential that a matching device be employed at every port nor is it essential that all the matching devices be of like construction. For example, in some embodiments of the invention, matching structures need be employed only at the output ports.

Abstract: A compact four-port two branch coupler preferably constructed in stripline or microstrip media having an input port and a pair of output ports. The equivalent admittance of a coupler has a real part (conductance) and imaginary part (susceptance), and known design techniques require the branch line electrical length .theta. to be .pi./2 or 90.degree., so that the device is properly matched. However, to reduce the physical line lengths at a predetermined operating frequency in accordance with the invention the electrical length .theta. is chosen at a lower value of, for example, .pi./4 or 45.degree. thereby reducing the line lengths of the branches making the device more compact. This choice now creates an inductive mismatch in the equivalent admittance which is easily compensated for by a capacitance at each junction in order to make the total susceptance zero so that the device is matched for .theta. = .pi./4.