Abstract: Methods are provided for predicting a response to an anti-PD-1 antibody or anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy based on a new biomarker and for evaluating a malignancy of cancer. The method for predicting a response of a subject to an anti-PD-1 antibody or anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy includes measuring an expression level of LAT1 in a sample collected from a cancer tissue of the subject; and predicting a response of the subject to the anti-PD-1 antibody or anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy based on the expression level of LAT1. The method for evaluating a malignancy of cancer in a subject includes staining a sample collected from a cancer tissue of the subject with an anti-LAT1 antibody and an anti-PD-L1 antibody; and evaluating a malignancy of the cancer in the subject based on a presence or absence of a LAT1-positive and PD-L1-positive site.

Abstract: Methods are provided for predicting a response to an anti-PD-1 antibody or anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy based on a new biomarker and for evaluating a malignancy of cancer. The method for predicting a response of a subject to an anti-PD-1 antibody or anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy includes measuring an expression level of LAT1 in a sample collected from a cancer tissue of the subject; and predicting a response of the subject to the anti-PD-1 antibody or anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy based on the expression level of LAT1. The method for evaluating a malignancy of cancer in a subject includes staining a sample collected from a cancer tissue of the subject with an anti-LAT1 antibody and an anti-PD-L1 antibody; and evaluating a malignancy of the cancer in the subject based on a presence or absence of a LAT1-positive and PD-L1-positive site.

Abstract: The present invention provides a self-assembly of a compound or of a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, the compound being represented by formula (I) R1-Gly Leu Ala Met Ala Pro Ser Val Gly His Val Arg Gln His Gly-R2??(I) (wherein R1 represents a linear or branched acyl group having 14 to 24 carbon atoms; R2 represents OH, NH2, NR3R4, a substituted or unsubstituted alkoxy group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryloxy group, or a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyloxy group; and R3 and R4 independently represent a substituted or unsubstituted alkyl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aryl group, a substituted or unsubstituted aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, or a hydroxy group, provided that both R3 and R4 do not represent a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group simultaneously).