Abstract: A control system for regulating the flow of liquid metal in a device for casting a metal. A detector measures a process variable. A control unit evaluates data from the detector. At least one process parameter is automatically varied in order to optimize casting conditions. The detector measures a characteristic of the meniscus at at least two points on the meniscus instantaneously throughout the casting process.

Abstract: A device and a method for stabilising a metallic object of magnetic material. The metallic object is transported along a transportation path or plane. The plane includes a transportation direction and is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the object therein. A sensor is arranged to sense the valve of a parameter depending on the position of the object with respect to the plane. An electromagnetic actuator is arranged to apply a magnetic force to the object in respone to the sensed position. The magnetic force has a force component directed transversely to the transportation direction and transversely to the plane.

Abstract: A control system for regulating the flow of liquid metal in a device for casting a metal. A detector measures a process variable. A control unit evaluates data from the detector. At least one process parameter is automatically varied in order to optimize casting conditions. The detector measures a characteristic of the meniscus at at least two points on the meniscus instantaneously throughout the casting process.

Abstract: A device and a method for stabilising a metallic object of magnetic material. The metallic object is transported along a transportation path or plane. The plane includes a transportation direction and is parallel to the longitudinal direction of the object therein. A sensor is arranged to sense the valve of a parameter depending on the position of the object with respect to the plane. An electromagnetic actuator is arranged to apply a magnetic force to the object in respone to the sensed position. The magnetic force has a force component directed transversely to the transportation direction and transversely to the plane.

Abstract: A method and a device for continuous casting of metals, in which the device comprises a mould (1), through which a liquid metal passes, and a member (4), through which a liquid metal is supplied as a jet to the mould (1). The device comprises magnet members (6, 7) for applying a magnetic field varying with time and being substantially fixed in the room to the liquid metal in the mould (1).

Abstract: A method and a device for continuous or semi-continuous casting of metal. A primary flow (P) of hot metallic melt supplied into a mold is acted upon by at least one static or periodically low-frequency magnetic field to brake and split the primary flow and form a controlled secondary flow pattern in the non-solidified parts of the cast strand. The magnetic flux density of the magnetic field is controlled based on casting conditions. The secondary flow (M, U, C1, C2, c3, c4, G1, G2, g3, g4, O1, O2, o3, o4) in the mold is monitored throughout the casting and upon detection of a change in the flow, information on the detected change monitored flow is fed into a control unit (44) where the change is evaluated and the magnetic flux density is regulated based on this evaluation to maintain or adjust the controlled secondary flow.

Abstract: A channel inductor and a furnace for melting, holding or refining metal. The channel inductor has a closed-loop core, a primary winding arranged around the core and a refractory lining in which the winding and core is partly enclosed and in which an inductor channel is formed. The channel inductor also has a detector to detect metal penetration of the refractory lining.

Abstract: A furnace plant which at least one furnace vessel with side walls and a bottom and at least one heat source which by radiation and convection heats molten metal and/or solid metal present in the furnace vessel. At least one two- or multiphase electromagnetic side stirrer is arranged in or near the wall of the furnace vessel to act through the wall and apply a stirrer field to the molten metal. The side stirrer comprises at least two phase windings arranged around an iron core having a vertical extent, H, which essentially covers the region, D.sub.max, between the bottom and the upper surface of the molten metal at a maximum bath depth used in the furnace 15 vessel. The side stirrer is arranged with a pole pitch.tau. which exceeds twice the distance from the iron core to the molten metal, .tau.>2 dw.

Abstract: A device for continuously manufacturing a cast strand by continuous casting of liquid metal melt wherein the flow of the liquid metal in the non-solidified portions of the strand is controlled by means of a static or periodic low-frequency magnetic field. A mould adapted to be supplied with the melt includes copper plates (2a,2b) which form a casting mould space with a rectangular cross section, water box beams (3) which are arranged outside the copper plates to support and cool them, and a member (4) holding the mould together. Magnetic field-generating devices, i.e., magnets, are provided close to the mould to generate a static or periodic low-frequency magnetic field which acts in the path of the inflowing melt and divides the primary flow as well as checks any secondary flows arising. Each magnet comprises a front core (5), a rear core and a coil (7).

Abstract: A method and a device for inductively stirring a molten metal. Magnetic fields are applied to act on the melt through a wall (11) which comprises a magnetic material. Said wall is saturated by a magnetic direct field such that an anisotropically directed magnetic saturation, a low relative permeability, is obtained in the saturation direction (S). A low-frequency magnetic travelling alternating field, comprising components which are located in a plane oriented parallel to said saturation direction and perpendicular to the plane of the wall, is applied superposed on the magnetic direct field, whereby the low-frequency magnetic travelling alternating field passes through said wall with small losses and little damping to apply a stirrer field which provides the desired circulation in the melt.

Abstract: A method and a device for controlling the flow of the molten metal in non-solidified portions of a cast strand in connection with casting of metal. A mould (11) is supplied with at least one primary flow (20) of molten metal and at least one strand (1) is formed in the mould. At least one static or periodic low-frequency magnetic field (10) is applied to act with a maximum magnetic field strength in the mould exceeding 1000 Gauss in the path of the inflowing molten metal to brake and divide the primary flow (20) of molten metal flowing into the mould and to control any secondary flows (21, 22) arising.

Abstract: An inductive heating unit for a magnetically permeable ladle containing molten steel has a cylindrical permeable wall for receiving the ladle and on which is wound an induction coil with an outer cylindrical permeable wall surrounding and enclosing the coil. The coil is wound from a conductor formed by a plurality of superposed flat metal strips which are insulated from each other. The outer wall is formed with a vertical channel in which a power lead for the coil is positioned.

Abstract: Lining wear in an arc heated ladle containing a bath of melt and slag is reduced by rotating the melt in a horizontal direction to provide a concave bath surface in which the slag accumulates towards the center, thus preventing the slag attacking the ladle lining. In addition to heating the charge, the arc or arcs melt(s) the slag whereas the lining is partly protected from the radiation by the concave surface. A flow perturbing means is arranged at the ladle to attain an increased homogenization and the possibility of intensified sulfur removal.

Abstract: An electrical converter equipment for providing a d.c. voltage from an alternating current source. The converter has a unique operating cycle wherein a variable control angle is effected. The operating cycle for the converter comprises a series of half periods of the alternating current source. During different periods of time, the converter operates with different control angles. The control cycles comprise n periods of the input signal, where n is an odd number not less than three. During two half periods of a cycle, the control angle is varied. During two other half periods of the cycle, the converter operates at a fixed control angle. The half periods during which the converter is controlled with a variable control angle are time equidistant.