Abstract: A two-input bistable resonator that can be switched in a robust way by phase modulation of the input beams is presented. An optical flip-flop of the present invention may be embodied as a two-input Kerr resonator. The disclosed switching mechanism is compatible with cross-phase modulation induced by set and reset pulses for realization of an ultrafast, passive, all-optical memory element.

Abstract: Individual authentication techniques are disclosed, which relate to a vein recognition based to biometric authentication system. Systems and methods to capture the subcutaneous vein pattern at the back of the palm and use it as the biometric identity of an individual are also disclosed.

Abstract: Individual authentication techniques are disclosed, which relate to a vein recognition based to biometric authentication system. Systems and methods to capture the subcutaneous vein pattern at the back of the palm and use it as the biometric identity of an individual are also disclosed.

Abstract: Disclosed herein is a wavelength division multiplexing device. The wavelength division multiplexing device includes a first optical circulator and a Fiber Bragg Grating (FBG). The first optical circulator has a first plurality of ports. The FBG is connected to one of the first plurality of ports of the first optical circulator to reflect or transmit some of the wavelength channels of an optical signal input to the first optical circulator. The FBG is a phase-sampled grating. In the phase-sampled grating, the refractive index of an optical fiber core is modulated by a predetermined chirp in a grating period and a predetermined chirp in a sampling period, and the chirps in the grating period and the sampling period are set to allow dispersion values of all wavelength channels, which are reflected in the FBG, to have a linear function relationship with wavelengths.

Abstract: A mechanism for mitigating the effects of Stimulated Brillouin Scattering in electromagnetic waveguides such as optical fibers is disclosed. In particular, the illustrative embodiment of the present invention incorporates a plurality of evenly-spaced wavelength-selective mirrors, such as fiber Bragg gratings, into the waveguide that are designed to convey a forward-propagating incident wave and to reflect the backward-propagating Stokes wave induced by the incident wave.