Abstract: A distributed authentication system and method comprises a smart card and a smart card reader, at least one processor; and a storage device communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, the storage device storing instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: receiving information that is provided to the smart card reader from the smart card, the information including authentication information, identifying at least one device where authentication is desired, storing the information on a server wherein the server is accessible by the at least one device where authentication is desired, providing the stored information to the at least one device where authentication is desired, and authenticating a user of the at least one device where authentication is desired according to the stored information.

Abstract: A distributed authentication system and method comprises a smart card and a smart card reader, at least one processor; and a storage device communicatively coupled to the at least one processor, the storage device storing instructions which, when executed by the at least one processor, causes the at least one processor to perform operations comprising: receiving information that is provided to the smart card reader from the smart card, the information including authentication information, identifying at least one device where authentication is desired, storing the information on a server wherein the server is accessible by the at least one device where authentication is desired, providing the stored information to the at least one device where authentication is desired, and authenticating a user of the at least one device where authentication is desired according to the stored information.

Abstract: To overcome the problem of limited backhaul capacity and limited wireless channel capacity when downloading videos to smart phones, a method for transmission of data across a mobile telecommunications network, includes providing each Smartphone or other user station (Ua-Ud) with a memory cache (12) and a download app (10), and providing a server (2) in the core network with a server cache memory (16) and a download control app (14). Each user registers with the server, the server gathers information of internet web sites (URLn) accessed by the users from which downloads may be made, monitors the websites, and as and when updates appear on the websites, selectively downloads the updates in the server cache. There is then established a common data channel from the server, across base stations (3), to the users in order to download the updates to the user's memory cache (12).

Abstract: To overcome the problem of limited backhaul capacity and limited wireless channel capacity when downloading videos to smart phones, a method for transmission of data across a mobile telecommunications network, includes providing each Smartphone or other user station (Ua-Ud) with a memory cache (12) and a download app (10), and providing a server (2) in the core network with a server cache memory (16) and a download control app (14). Each user registers with the server, the server gathers information of internet web sites (URLn) accessed by the users from which downloads may be made, monitors the websites, and as and when updates appear on the websites, selectively downloads the updates in the server cache. There is then established a common data channel from the server, across base stations (3), to the users in order to download the updates to the user's memory cache (12).

Abstract: The present invention provides a method involving a base station and at least one mobile unit. The mobile unit is configured for communication with the base station using a first wireless communication medium. The method includes providing, over the first wireless communication medium, information indicating a modification to at least one configuration profile of the mobile unit. The configuration profile is associated with the first communication medium and the modification can be implemented by the mobile unit without user intervention.

Abstract: A system and method for conducting secure transactions are disclosed. The system includes a transaction card having a self-programming region for periodic update of a verification code, a server used for authenticating the card, and a network for transmitting data between the transaction card and the server. The method includes transmitting a current verification code and a current timestamp from the card to a transaction clearinghouse. Authentication of the transaction card is done by comparing the current verification code received and a reference verification code generated by the server, and a decision is made by the clearinghouse whether to approve the transaction.

Abstract: A transaction card having a self-programming region that allows periodic update of security data is disclosed. The self-programming region contains one or more self-programming components, each of which can be switched between two states depending on the direction of an electrical current provided to the component. The self-programming components are used for updating security data such as a digital code at various time intervals as determined by an algorithm in a processor on the card.

Abstract: The present invention provides a method involving a base station and at least one mobile unit. The mobile unit is configured for communication with the base station using a first wireless communication medium. The method includes providing, over the first wireless communication medium, information indicating a modification to at least one configuration profile of the mobile unit. The configuration profile is associated with the first communication medium and the modification can be implemented by the mobile unit without user intervention.

Abstract: A broadband access network (20) includes a plurality of access nodes (22-28) and at least one edge node (32). The total bandwidth associated with at least a link (34) associated with the edge node (32) is divided up into independently controlled portions. A central resource database (40) in one example allocates portions of the total bandwidth exclusively among the plurality of access nodes (22-28). Flow admission is controlled at the access nodes (22-28) based upon current usage of the exclusively allocated bandwidth at each access node. In a disclosed example, the amount of the total bandwidth exclusively allocated to each access node can be changed on a periodic basis or responsive to use requirements.

Abstract: The invention comprises a method and apparatus for determining a delay of a link between switches. Specifically, the method comprises determining a plurality of intra-switch router delays by determining an intra-switch router delay between a pair of routers for each pair of routers in a plurality of pairs of routers wherein each of the pairs of routers is connected to one of the first switch and the second switch, determining a plurality of inter-switch router delays by determining an inter-switch router delay between a pair of routers for each pair of routers in a plurality of pairs of routers wherein each of the pairs of routers comprises a first router and a second router, and computing the average delay of the link between the first switch and the second switch using the plurality of intra-switch router delays and the plurality of inter-switch router delays.

Abstract: Accuracy of network topology information and efficient usage of available bandwidth when broadcasting topology updates are optimized in accordance with the principles of the present invention by collecting and utilizing locally known network usage information to update the network topology information between regular updates. This information is then used in establishing paths for end user communication through the network. It is further used to determine which network topology information is to be included in a subsequent update broadcast by the node. Additionally, it is used to tune adaptively the frequency with which updates are broadcast by the node.

Abstract: A method and apparatus for determining network topology includes adapting a single sniffer to collect information from nodes associated with at least two selected areas of the network and determining a topology of at least a portion of the network using the collected information.

Abstract: In an artificial ventilation system and a method for controlling the artificial ventilation system for obtaining an optimized artificial ventilation of a lung system of a patient, optimal artificial ventilation is obtained when the blood system of the patient is maximally oxygenated and, at the same time, the negative influence on the cardio-pulmonary system is minimized. The ventilation system has a gas delivery unit for delivering controllable inspiration pulses to a patient, a monitoring unit for measuring at least one parameter related to the function of the lung system, such as a blood gas analyser, and a control unit for determining an optimal peak inspiratory pressure and pressure amplitude for the inspiration pulse based on the measured blood gas parameter.

Abstract: An arrangement for determining an opening pressure of a lung has a regulating unit which can deliver inspiration pulses to a patient's lung system, a blood gas analyzer for measuring the partial pressure of oxygen in the blood of the patient's circulatory system, and a control unit for determining an opening pressure based on the measured P.sub.a O.sub.2. When the measured P.sub.a O.sub.2 exceeds a predetermined threshold, the lung have opened sufficiently and a pressure value is correlated to the measured P.sub.a O.sub.2 and defined as the opening pressure.

Abstract: A breathing apparatus for supplying a supportive inspiration pulse in response to a sensed inhalation effort of a subject connected to the apparatus has a supportive response controlled so that the amplitude of the inspiration pulse displays an inverse relationship to the magnitude of the sensed inhalation effort.

Abstract: In an apparatus and method for determining an optimal opening pressure of a lung system a regulating unit delivers an inspiration pulse having an end pressure which is higher than the start pressure to the lung system. During the delivery of this inspiration pulse respiratory gas flow and pressure are measured by a measuring unit having a flow meter and a pressure gauge. The measured values are supplied to a control unit, in which measured flow and pressure are correlated and inflection points or regions in the flow-pressure-relation are identified. The highest pressure value related to an inflection point or region is defined as an interim opening pressure. By applying several different inspiration pulses, several interim opening pressures can be determined.