Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of modulating an immune response mediated by a PD-1 signaling pathway and of treating a cancer or an infectious disease. A subject is administered a compound(s) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or pharmaceutically acceptable composition thereof of formula (I) In the ring Q is S or O. R1 substituents are an optionally substituted side chain of the amino acid Ser or Thr and R3 substituents are a side chain of the amino acids Asn, Asp, Gln, or Glu. R2 is hydrogen or —CO-Aaa and Aaa is Thr or Ser with a free, amidated or esterified C-terminus. R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen or absent. R6 is hydrogen, alkyl or acyl.

Abstract: A treatment for symptoms of migraine and cluster headaches includes operations of providing a solution of a serotonin receptor agonist (SRA) in an active mesh nebulizer, triggering the formation of a plume of particles from the active mesh nebulizer, and delivery of the plume of particles into the lungs of a patient during an inhalation process.

Abstract: A method for use in a network, including: receiving network traffic at a redundant gateway device established according to a redundant gateway protocol; forwarding known unicast traffic received at the redundant gateway device from the redundant gateway device to a tunnel endpoint through a tunnel established according to a tunneling protocol; forwarding broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast traffic to the tunnel endpoint through the tunnel if the redundant gateway device is a master gateway under the redundant gateway protocol; and dropping the broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast traffic if the redundant gateway device is a backup gateway under the redundant gateway protocol.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to a method comprising receiving, at a first switch, a bidirectional forwarding detection packet, wherein the first switch and a second switch are part of a virtualized switch and each switch in the virtualized switch has a same Media Access Control (MAC) address, determining, at the first switch, that a destination MAC address included in the bidirectional forwarding detection packet is not owned by the first switch, determining, at the first switch, that the destination MAC address is owned by the second switch and bridging, from the first switch, the bidirectional forwarding detection packet to the second switch that owns the MAC address.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to a method comprising receiving, at a first label manager of a first network device, a first request to allocate a first label for a first route prefix for a first protocol, wherein the first network device and a second network device are part of a virtualized network device. The method includes receiving, at a second label manager of the second network device, a second request to determine the first label for the first route prefix for the first protocol, wherein the second request originates from the first label manager and determining, at the second label manager, the first label for the first route prefix for the first protocol. The method includes transmitting, the first label to the first label manager and transmitting, by the first label manager, the first label to a label management protocol corresponding to the first protocol, in response to the first request.

Abstract: The present invention relates to 1,2,4-oxadiazole compounds of formula (I) and their use to inhibit the programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) signaling pathway and/or for treatment of disorders by inhibiting an immunosuppressive signal induced by PD-1, PD-L1 or PD-L2.

Abstract: A method of delivering a medication or a pharmaceutical product to a patient includes operations of activating an active mesh of an active mesh nebulizer, the active mesh being in contact with a liquid formulation of the medication, and configured to generate a plume of particles having a particle diameter between 1 and 6 micrometers, directing the plume of particles to a mouth of a patient during an inhalation by a patient; and stopping the plume of particles during the inhalation by the patient such that a substantial majority, or nearly all, of the plume of particles is inhaled by the patient.

Abstract: In some examples, a first router establishes a fault detection session between the first router connected to a routing area and an outside router assigned a forwarding address, the outside router located outside the routing area, and the forwarding address used by a second router of the routing area to send a data packet to the outside router. The first router detects, in the fault detection session, a fault associated with the outside router, and in response to detecting the fault associated with the outside router in the fault detection session, provides an indication to the routing area that the forwarding address is no longer accessible.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of modulating an immune response mediated by a PD-1 signaling pathway and of treating a cancer or an infectious disease. A subject is administered a compound(s) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or pharmaceutically acceptable composition thereof of formula (I) In the ring Q is S or O. R1 substituents are an optionally substituted side chain of the amino acid Ser or Thr and R3 substituents are a side chain of the amino acids Asn, Asp, Gln, or Glu. R2 is hydrogen or —CO-Aaa and Aaa is Thr or Ser with a free, amidated or esterified C-terminus. R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen or absent. R6 is hydrogen, alkyl or acyl.

Abstract: The present invention relates to a composition of a CD47-SIRP? blocking agent and one or more anti-cancer agent(s), where the CD47-SIRP? blocking agents are represented by a compound of formula (I). The present invention also relates to a method of treating a cancer in a subject by administering a therapeutically effective amount of a CD47-SIRP? blocking agent represented by formula (I) in combination with one or more anti-cancer agent(s).

Abstract: Examples include determining a first hop for a preferred route from a networking device to a destination device, calculating a cumulative cost for the preferred route based on a cost of the first hop and an original cost of the preferred route, determining whether a secondary route is available, and, in response to a determination that the secondary route is available, determining a first hop in the secondary route. Examples also include determining a cost of the first hop in the secondary route, determining a new route from the networking device to the destination computing device based on the cumulative cost of the preferred route and the cost of the first hop in the secondary route, and entering the new route into a forwarding data structure of the networking device.

Abstract: The present invention relates to methods of modulating an immune response mediated by a PD-1 signaling pathway and of treating a cancer or an infectious disease. A subject is administered a compound(s) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or pharmaceutically acceptable composition thereof of formula (I) In the ring Q is S or O. R1 substituents are an optionally substituted side chain of the amino acid Ser or Thr and R3 substituents are a side chain of the amino acids Asn, Asp, Gln, or Glu. R2 is hydrogen or —CO-Aaa and Aaa is Thr or Ser with a free, amidated or esterified C-terminus. R4 and R5 are independently hydrogen or absent. R6 is hydrogen, alkyl or acyl.

Abstract: A method for use in a network, including: receiving network traffic at a redundant gateway device established according to a redundant gateway protocol; forwarding known unicast traffic received at the redundant gateway device from the redundant gateway device to a tunnel endpoint through a tunnel established according to a tunneling protocol; forwarding broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast traffic to the tunnel endpoint through the tunnel if the redundant gateway device is a master gateway under the redundant gateway protocol; and dropping the broadcast, unknown unicast, and multicast traffic if the redundant gateway device is a backup gateway under the redundant gateway protocol.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to a method comprising receiving, at a first switch, a bidirectional forwarding detection packet, wherein the first switch and a second switch are part of a virtualized switch and each switch in the virtualized switch has a same Media Access Control (MAC) address, determining, at the first switch, that a destination MAC address included in the bidirectional forwarding detection packet is not owned by the first switch, determining, at the first switch, that the destination MAC address is owned by the second switch and bridging, from the first switch, the bidirectional forwarding detection packet to the second switch that owns the MAC address.

Abstract: In some examples, a first router establishes a fault detection session between the first router connected to a routing area and an outside router assigned a forwarding address, the outside router located outside the routing area, and the forwarding address used by a second router of the routing area to send a data packet to the outside router. The first router detects, in the fault detection session, a fault associated with the outside router, and in response to detecting the fault associated with the outside router in the fault detection session, provides an indication to the routing area that the forwarding address is no longer accessible.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to black hole filtering. In an example, a dynamic routing protocol on a network device may determine whether a route learned by the dynamic routing protocol is a black hole route. In an example, the route may be learned through another source. In response to a determination that the route learned by the dynamic routing protocol is the black hole route, the dynamic routing protocol may generate a routing update that indicates the route as the black hole route. The dynamic routing protocol may then advertise the routing update to each neighbor network device.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to a grace link state advertisement (LSA) from a virtual stack device. In an example, a first member network device of a virtual stack device may an input from a Multi-Active Detection (MAD) device. The virtual stack device may be a logical network device comprising the first member network device and a second member network device. Based on the input from the MAD device, the first member network device may determine whether a grace link state advertisement (LSA) is to be sent to a neighbor Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) enabled router by the first member network device, wherein the neighbor OSPF enabled router is an OSPF neighbor to the virtual stack device.

Abstract: In some examples, a first router includes a communication interface to communicate over a network, and a processor to participate in an election process to determine, based on respective priorities assigned to a plurality of routers including the first router, which of the plurality of routers is an elected router responsible for distributing routing information to another router, and in response to the first router being selected as the elected router in the election process, adjust a priority of the first router for a subsequent election process.

Abstract: Examples disclosed herein relate to reducing flooding of route updates of a dynamic routing protocol. In an example, number of route updates received by a router from each neighbor router may be determined, wherein the router may be present in a network using a dynamic routing protocol. Each neighbor router may be classified into one of a plurality of groups of neighbor routers in such a manner that number of route updates originating from each group of neighbor routers is approximately same. A first route update interval may be determined for each group of neighbor routers for sending a respective first set of future route updates therefrom to the router. The respective first route update interval for sending the respective first set of future route updates may be notified to the respective member routers of each group of neighbor routers.

Abstract: The present invention relates to compounds of formula (I), compositions, methods and uses involving the said formula (I) that inhibit CD47 signaling pathway. The present invention also relates to methods of making such compounds and their uses for the treatment of diseases oR disorders mediated by CD47.