Abstract: Two-phase LMMHD energy conversion systems have potentially significant advantages over conventional systems such as higher thermal efficiency and substantial simplicity with lower capital and maintenance costs. Maintenance of low velocity slip is of importance for achieving high generator efficiency. A bubbly flow pattern ensures very low velocity slip. The full governing equations have been written out, and a computer prediction code has been developed to analyze performance of a two-phase flow LMMHD generator and nozzle under conditions of no slip. Three different shapes of an LMMHD generator have been investigated. Electrical power outputs are in the 20 kW range. Generator efficiency exceeds 71 percent at an average void fraction of about 70 percent. This is an appreciable performance for a short generator without insulating vanes for minimizing electrical losses in the end regions.

Abstract: Two-phase LMMHD energy conversion systems have potentially significant advantages over conventional systems such as higher thermal efficiency and substantial simplicity with lower capital and maintenance costs. Maintenance of low velocity slip is of importance for achieving high generator efficiency. A bubbly flow pattern ensures very low velocity slip. The full governing equations have been written out, and a computer prediction code has been developed to analyze performance of a two-phase flow LMMHD generator and nozzle under conditions of no slip. Three different shapes of an LMMHD generator have been investigated. Electrical power outputs are in the 20 kW range. Generator efficiency exceeds 71 percent at an average void fraction of about 70 percent. This is an appreciable performance for a short generator without insulating vanes for minimizing electrical losses in the end regions.

Abstract: A radially outward flow turbine having a rotor with nozzles which extend from an inner inlet passage to the rotor periphery with a substantially constant pressure drop per unit length of nozzle, with a first order surface continuity along the surface of each nozzle and with a nozzle profile which allows two-phase flow without substantial lateral acceleration according to the following formula: ##EQU1## The turbine is also illustrated with a second set of nozzles outwardly of the first set included in either the rotor or in a second contrarotating rotor. The rotor in either case vents steam to multiple steam turbine stages while the second set of nozzles receives saturated vapor. The steam turbine stage may be defined by either the first rotor and a stator or the first rotor and a contrarotating rotor.

Abstract: A single fluid two-phase flow thermally activated heat pump is made to operate efficiently by incorporating rotating energy conversion components, principally a two-phase flow turbine. An efficient two-phase flow reaction turbine which powers a vapor compressor and a liquid pump is employed. The two-phase turbine extracts power from expanding two-phase flow which achieves low velocities. A rotating vapor compressor is positioned downstream of the turbine. The thermodynamic cycle is modified by utilizing full evaporation of the two-phase flow such that only dry vapor is pressurized in the compressor. The system is simpler and more efficient than most thermally activated heat pumps due to the integration of power producing and heat pumping thermodynamic cycles. The heat pump is contemplated for such applications as air conditioning, cooling, heating and industrial heat pumps.