Abstract: A spacer for electrodes has pair of walls which define a channel for an edge of an electrode. An arm extends from an edge of each wall, and the arms include respective sections which flare to opposite sides of the channel. Each arm can include an additional section which extends from the associated flaring section and is inclined towards the opposite wall.

Abstract: An electrolytic processing tank contains alternating cathodes and anodes. Each anode carries a sealing unit on either side thereof. The sealing units include flexible U-shaped sealing members which are in surface contact with neighboring cathodes. A sealing member which is T-shaped as seen in an end view is positioned adjacent the end of each anode. Each T-shaped member has a leg whose thickness is the same as that of the anodes, and a crosspiece which extends partway along the leg. The leg is aligned with a neighboring anode, and the end of the leg remote from the crosspiece abuts the anode. The crosspiece projects beyond the opposite end of the leg to form a flexible flap which establishes a seal with a wall of the processing tank. The crosspieces of neighboring T-shaped members overlap one another.

Abstract: An electrode assembly for use in electrowinning includes a cathode in the form of a plate. The cathode has a pair of parallel vertical edges, and a horizontal bottom edge which runs between the vertical edges and defines respective corners therewith. An edge strip is mounted on each of the vertical edges as well as on the bottom edge. The bottom edge strip has an end at either corner, and each end of the bottom edge strip is in abutment with the lower end of the adjoining vertical edge strip. A corner protector is located at each corner and has a vertical channel which receives the lower end of the respective vertical edge strip, a horizontal channel which receives the respective end of the bottom edge strip, and a cutout which receives the cathode.

Abstract: An electrode edge protector that includes an elongate strip having a substantially H-shaped cross-section in combination with an expansion member. The elongate strip comprises two lever-arm portions made of rigid material that define a longitudinal edge slot for receiving and wrapping around the edge of an electrode and an opposing expansion slot for receiving the expansion member. The rigid lever-arm portions are interconnected between the slots by a coextruded hinge member made of resilient material which enhances the ability of the edge strip to adhere to the electrode in the edge slot as a result of the force exerted by the expansion member in the expansion slot.

Abstract: A method of chemical analysis of a sample in solution in which the optical density of the solution is modified by addition of a dye to the solution, and the modified optical density is utilized in determining the concentration of the sample in the solution. That determination is effected by measuring the optical density of the dyed solution and applying a value thereto, and then comparing that value with a predetermined value which corresponds to a particular sample concentration. The actual sample concentration is assigned a value in accordance with the results of that comparison, and that assigned value is employed in determining the concentration of a particular element in the sample by spectral analysis. Apparatus for carrying out the method includes a first spectrophotometer for determining the optical density of the sample solution, and a second spectrophotometer for applying a value to the concentration of the element of interest in the atomized sample.