Abstract: A distributive and dispersive mixing apparatus comprising two confronting surfaces (1,2) having cavities (3) therein which on relative motion of the surfaces function as a cavity transfer mixer (CTM) or controlled deformation dynamic mixer (CDDM) or both, CHARACTERISED IN THAT the normal separation of the confronting surfaces varies in the direction of bulk flow, so as to define a plurality of regions of successive closer and wider spacing of the confronting surfaces.

Abstract: The present invention has as an objective to provide a new emulsification method, which can produce concentrated water-continuous emulsion containing lipophilic compounds in a dispersed phase, with a very fine dispersed phase droplet size less than a micron, and a narrow size distribution of the dispersed phase. This objective has been met by a method wherein a water-continuous emulsion is made using a Controlled Deformation Dynamic Mixer or a Cavity Transfer Mixer.

Abstract: The present invention relates to personal care compositions containing non-ionic surfactants and fatty compounds, which have a structured composition to provide rheological properties to these compositions. The compositions can be prepared by applying a Controlled Deformation Dynamic Mixer. By using this mixer, compositions having a relatively high viscosity can be prepared, while the concentration of active compounds is relatively low.

Abstract: The invention provides a distributive and dispersive mixing apparatus of the CDDM or CTM type comprising two spaced-apart mutually rotatable confronting surfaces (1, 2) having cavities (3) therein. The surfaces have preferably relatively widely-spaced, axially-disposed confronting surfaces which alternate with preferably relatively narrowly-spaced, radially-disposed confronting surfaces, thereby preventing any leakage flow through the mixer and allowing expansion during operation with reduced danger of contact of the radially-disposed confronting surfaces.

Abstract: A distributive and dispersive mixing apparatus comprising two confronting surfaces (1,2) having cavities (3) therein which on relative motion of the surfaces function as a cavity transfer mixer (CTM) or controlled deformation dynamic mixer (CDDM) or both, CHARACTERISED IN THAT the normal separation of the confronting surfaces varies in the direction of bulk flow, so as to define a plurality of regions of successive closer and wider spacing of the confronting surfaces.

Abstract: A distributive and dispersive mixing apparatus of the CDDM type comprising two confronting surfaces as being the inner surface of shell (4) and the outer surface of fixed cage (2)) and at least one cage-like member (3) disposed between the confronting surfaces said cage-like member (3) defining passages for fluid flow adjacent at least one of the confronting surfaces CHARACTERISED IN THAT the or at least one cage-like member (3) has a relative rotational movement but is not freely rotating relative to at least one of the confronting surfaces and/or at least one other cage-like member, and the bulk fluid flow within the mixing apparatus is in the plane of the surface of the or at least one cage-like member perpendicular to the direction of relative rotational movement.

Abstract: A detergent bar is made by (1) applying pressure to a detergent composition to deliver it to a substantially closed mold at a temperature less than 70° C.; (2) ensuring the pressure on the composition at point of entry is greater than 29.4 psi under the action of an injector head for at least part of the time over which the composition enters the mold; (3) cooling in the mold to form bar; and (4) removing.

Abstract: A process for the production of a shaped article of a consumable product in which a composition is extruded through a die comprising at least one orifice characterised in that the cross-sectional area for flow through the said at least one orifice is varied in a continuous fashion during at least part of the time said extrusion is occurring, whereby an extrudate is obtained whose cross-sectional area varies along at least a part of its length. Apparatus suitable for carrying out the process are also described.

Abstract: A process for producing a liquid composition containing at least one active component and a diluent by mixing the active with diluent and/or liquid active to produce a liquid crystal mixture and incorporating diluent into it such that the mixture remains substantially homogeneous to produce a composition in which the concentration of active components is lower than the concentration of active components in the liquid crystal mixture. Novel apparatus for use in the process is also described.

Abstract: A process for forming detergent bars by injection moulding in which a pressure is applied to a partially structured detergent composition to deliver it to a mould. The detergent composition can be delivered to the mould in a substantially semi-solid state, at a temperature below 70° C. and at a pressure at the point of injection of greater than 20 psi. Apparatus for forming detergent bars according the invention are also described.

Abstract: A process for forming detergent bars by injection molding in which a pressure is applied to a partially structured detergent composition to deliver it to a mold. The detergent composition can be delivered to the mold in a substantially semi-solid state, at a temperature below 70° C. and at a pressure at the point of injection of greater than 20 psi. Apparatus for forming detergent bars according the invention are also described.

Abstract: A process for forming detergent bars comprising applying pressure to a detergent composition contained within a mould cavity. The detergent composition in the mould is in a substantially fluid or semi-solid state and the mould is substantially full before the pressure is applied.

Abstract: A process for forming detergent bars by injection moulding in which a pressure is applied to a partially structured detergent composition to deliver it to a mould. The detergent composition can be delivered to the mould in a substantially semi-solid state, at a temperature below 70° C. and at a pressure at the point of injection of greater than 20 psi.

Abstract: A process for producing a liquid composition containing at least one active component and a diluent by mixing the active with diluent and/or liquid active to produce a liquid crystal mixture and incorporating diluent into it such that the mixture remains substantially homogeneous to produce a composition in which the concentration of active components is lower than the concentration of active components in the liquid crystal mixture. Novel apparatus for use in the process is also described.